STM32 外部中断配NVIC_Configuration 函数实现配置嵌套向量中断中断优先级并使能中断。

其中的NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig 函数配置中断优先级的组织方式，STM32 的嵌套向量中断控制器可以配置16 个可编程的优先等级，使用了4 位表示中断优先级（2 的4 此方就是16），16 个可编程的优先等级又可以分为主优先级和次优先级，例如参数NVIC_PriorityGroup_1表示1bit 主优先级（pre-emption priority）3 bits 次优先级（subpriority ）。

一、配置中断1、分配中断向量表：/* Set the Vector Table base location at 0x20000000 */NVIC_SetVectorTable(NVIC_VectTab_RAM, 0x0);2、设置中断优先级：NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_0); //设置中断优先级3、初始化外部中断：/*允许EXTI4中断*/NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = EXTI4_IRQChannel; //中断通道NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority= PreemptionPriorityValue; //占先优先级NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 0; //响应（次级）优先级NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE; //通道中断使能NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure); //初始化中断注意：如果我们配置的外部针脚为PA4，或PB4，或PC4，PD4等，那么采用的外部中断也必须是EXTI4，同样，如果外部中断针脚是PA1，PB1，PC1，PD1 那么中断就要用EXTI1，其他类推。

二、配置GPIO针脚作为外部中断的触发事件1、选择IO针脚GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_4;注意，如果的针脚是端口的4号针脚，配置的中断一定是EXTI42、配置针脚为输入GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING;3、初始化针脚GPIO_Init(GPIOD,&GPIO_InitStructure);3配置EXTI线，使中断线和IO针脚线连接上1、将EXTI线连接到IO端口上将EXTI线4连接到端口GPIOD的第4个针脚上GPIO_EXTILineConfig(GPIO_PortSourceGPIOD,GPIO_PinSource4);注意：如果配置的针脚是4号，那么参数必须是GPIO_PinSource4如果配置的针脚是3号，那么参数必须是GPIO_PinSource32、配置中断边沿/*配置EXTI线4上出现下降沿，则产生中断*/EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Line = EXTI_Line4;注意：如果配置的4号针脚，那么EXTI_Line4是必须的EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Mode = EXTI_Mode_Interrupt;EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Trigger = EXTI_Trigger_Falling; //下降沿触发EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_LineCmd = ENABLE; //中断线使能EXTI_Init(&EXTI_InitStructure); //初始化中断EXTI_GenerateSWInterrupt(EXTI_Line4); //EXTI_Line4中断允许到此中断配置完成，可以写中断处理函数。

举例：配置函数/************************************************************* ************* 函数名NVIC_Configration* 描述配置各个中断寄存器************************************************************** **************/void NVIC_Configration(void){NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;//#ifdef VECT_TAB_RAM/* Set the Vector Table base location at 0x20000000 */NVIC_SetVectorTable(NVIC_VectTab_RAM, 0x0);//#else /* VECT_TAB_FLASH *//* Set the Vector Table base location at 0x08000000 *///NVIC_SetVectorTable(NVIC_VectTab_FLASH, 0x0);//#endifNVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_0); //设置中断优先级/*允许EXTI4中断*/NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = EXTI4_IRQChannel;NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = PreemptionPriorityValue;NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 0;NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);/*允许EXTI9中断*/NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = EXTI9_5_IRQChannel;NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 0;NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 1;NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);/*配置SysTick处理优先级：优先级以及子优先级*/}/************************************************************* ************ 函数名GPIO_Configuration(void)* 描述配置TIM2针脚************************************************************** **********/void GPIO_Configuration(void){/* GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin=GPIO_Pin_0|GPIO_Pin_1|GPIO_Pin_2|GPIO_Pin_3;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;GPIO_Init(GPIOA,&GPIO_InitStructure);*/GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_All;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_PP;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_2MHz;GPIO_Init(GPIOC,&GPIO_InitStructure);/*配置GPIOD的第一个管角为浮动输入*/GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_4;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING;GPIO_Init(GPIOD,&GPIO_InitStructure);/*配置GPIOB的第9个管脚为浮动输入*/GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_9;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING;GPIO_Init(GPIOB,&GPIO_InitStructure);}/************************************************************* ** 函数SysTick_Configuration* 描述设置SysTick************************************************************** */void SysTick_Configuration(void){/*配置HCLK 时钟做为SysTick 时钟源*/SysTick_CLKSourceConfig(SysTick_CLKSource_HCLK_Div8); //系统时钟8分频72MHzNVIC_SystemHandlerPriorityConfig(SystemHandler_SysTick, 8,2);/*SysTick Interrupt each 1000Hz with HCLK equal to 72MHz*/SysTick_SetReload(9000);//中断周期1ms/*Enable the SysTick Interrupt */SysTick_ITConfig(ENABLE);//打开中断SysTick_CounterCmd(SysTick_Counter_Enable);SysTick_CounterCmd(SysTick_Counter_Clear);}/************************************************************* ****************** 函数名EXTI_Configuration* 描述配置EXTI线************************************************************** ****************/void EXTI_Configuration(void){/*将EXTI线4连接到PD4*/GPIO_EXTILineConfig(GPIO_PortSourceGPIOD,GPIO_PinSource4);/*配置EXTI线4上出现下降沿，则产生中断*/EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Line = EXTI_Line4;EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Mode = EXTI_Mode_Interrupt;EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Trigger = EXTI_Trigger_Falling;EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_LineCmd = ENABLE;EXTI_Init(&EXTI_InitStructure);EXTI_GenerateSWInterrupt(EXTI_Line4);/*将EXTI线9连接到PB9上*/GPIO_EXTILineConfig(GPIO_PortSourceGPIOB,GPIO_PinSource9);/*将EXTI线9上出现下降沿产生中断*/EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Line = EXTI_Line9;EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Mode = EXTI_Mode_Interrupt;EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Trigger = EXTI_Trigger_Falling;EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_LineCmd = ENABLE;EXTI_Init(&EXTI_InitStructure);EXTI_GenerateSWInterrupt(EXTI_Line9);}中断函数：void EXTI4_IRQHandler(void){if(EXTI_GetITStatus(EXTI_Line4)!= RESET){if(Ledflag == 0){Ledflag = 1;GPIOC->ODR |= 0X00000080;}else{Ledflag = 0;GPIOC->ODR &= 0XFFFFFF7F;}}EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(EXTI_Line4); //清除EXTI0线路挂起位}注:时钟设置的时候最好加上这句：RCCRCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_AFIO, ENABLE); // 使能AFIO时钟================================================ /************************************************************* ************************************************************** 例程名称：外部中断实验实验硬件：DP-miniSTM32硬件连接：指示灯连接PA1按钮连接PA3功能描述：本例程实现外部中断的输入试验，按下按钮，指示灯闪烁一下************************************************************** ******/#include <stm32f10x_lib.h> // STM32F10x Library Definitions#include "STM32_Init.h" // STM32 Initialization/************************************************************* ********** 名称：Delay()*************************************************************/ void Delay(vu16 cnt) {uint16 i,j;for (i=0;i<cnt;i++){ for (j=0;j<1000;j++){ }}}/************************************************************* ********** 名称：RCC_Configuration()*************************************************************/ void RCC_Configuration(void){ErrorStatus HSEStartUpStatus;//使能外部晶振RCC_HSEConfig(RCC_HSE_ON);//等待外部晶振稳定HSEStartUpStatus = RCC_WaitForHSEStartUp();//如果外部晶振启动成功，则进行下一步操作if(HSEStartUpStatus==SUCCESS){//设置HCLK（AHB时钟）=SYSCLKRCC_HCLKConfig(RCC_SYSCLK_Div1);//PCLK1(APB1) = HCLK/2RCC_PCLK1Config(RCC_HCLK_Div2);//PCLK2(APB2) = HCLKRCC_PCLK2Config(RCC_HCLK_Div1);RCC_PLLConfig(RCC_PLLSource_HSE_Div1, RCC_PLLMul_4);//启动PLLRCC_PLLCmd(ENABLE);//等待PLL稳定while(RCC_GetFlagStatus(RCC_FLAG_PLLRDY) == RESET);//系统时钟SYSCLK来自PLL输出RCC_SYSCLKConfig(RCC_SYSCLKSource_PLLCLK);//切换时钟后等待系统时钟稳定while(RCC_GetSYSCLKSource()!=0x08);}/* RCC system reset(for debug purpose) */RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA|RCC_APB2Periph_AFI O , ENABLE); //给GPIOA和重映射提供时钟，注意：一定要设置RCC_APB2Periph_AFIO}/************************************************************* ********** 名称：GPIO_Configuration()*************************************************************/ void GPIO_Configuration(void){GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;/*设置PA3为输入*/GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_3;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_10MHz;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING;GPIO_Init(GPIOA,&GPIO_InitStructure);/*设置PA1为输出*/GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_1;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_10MHz;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_PP;GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);}/************************************************************* ********** 名称:EXTI_Configuration()************************************************************** *********/void EXTI_Configuration(void){EXTI_InitTypeDef EXTI_InitStructure;/* Configure EXTI Line3 to generate an interrupt on falling edge */EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Line = EXTI_Line3; //外部中断通道3 EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Mode = EXTI_Mode_Interrupt;EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Trigger = EXTI_Trigger_Falling; //下降沿触发EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_LineCmd = ENABLE; //使能EXTI_Init(&EXTI_InitStructure);GPIO_EXTILineConfig(GPIO_PortSourceGPIOA, GPIO_PinSource3); //将PA3连接到外部中断通道3}/************************************************************* ********** 名称:NVIC_Configuration()*************************************************************/ void NVIC_Configuration(void){NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;#ifdef VECT_TAB_RAM/* Set the Vector Table base location at 0x20000000 */NVIC_SetVectorTable(NVIC_VectTab_RAM, 0x0);#else/* VECT_TAB_FLASH *//* Set the Vector Table base location at 0x08000000 */NVIC_SetVectorTable(NVIC_VectTab_FLASH, 0x0);#endifNVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_0); //抢占式优先级别设置为无抢占优先级NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = EXTI3_IRQChannel; //指定中断源NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 1; //指定响应优先级别1NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE; //使能外部中断通道3NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);}int main (void){RCC_Configuration(); //配置时钟GPIO_Configuration(); //配置IO口NVIC_Configuration(); //中断配置EXTI_Configuration(); //外部中断配置while(1){}}/************************************************************ *********** 说明：将LED灯的连接到PA1*************************************************************/ void EXTI3_IRQHandler (void){if(EXTI_GetITStatus(EXTI_Line3) != RESET){//添加中断处理程序GPIO_WriteBit(GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_1,(BitAction)0);Delay(1000);GPIO_WriteBit(GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_1,(BitAction)1);Delay(1000);EXTI_ClearFlag(EXTI_Line3); //清除中断标志（必须）EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(EXTI_Line3);// 以上两条语句作用相同}}================================================在使用EXTI的时候，因为没有开启时钟没有开启RCC_APB2Periph_AFIO时钟，让我调试吃了不少苦头，看来还要好好看看stm32的时钟啊现在给出我的exti8的配置首先一定要记得配置RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_AFIO, ENABLE); // 使能AFIO时钟//GPIOB8作为中断脚，配置为浮空输入void GPIO_Configuration(void){GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;/* Configure PB8 as input floating */GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_8;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING;GPIO_Init(GPIOB,&GPIO_InitStructure);}继续配置NVICvoid NVIC_Configuration(void){NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = EXTI9_5_IRQn;NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 0;NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 0;NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);/* Configure the NVIC Preemption Priority Bits*/NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_0);/* Set the Vector Table base location at 0x08000000 */NVIC_SetVectorTable(NVIC_VectTab_FLASH, 0x0);}然后配置EXTI ,把PB8连接到EXTIvoid EXTI_Configuration(void){EXTI_InitTypeDef EXTI_InitStructure;/*connect PB8 to EXTI*/GPIO_EXTILineConfig(GPIO_PortSourceGPIOB,GPIO_PinSource8);/*Config EXTI8*/EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Line = EXTI_Line8;EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Mode = EXTI_Mode_Interrupt;EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Trigger = EXTI_Trigger_Falling;EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_LineCmd = ENABLE;EXTI_Init(&EXTI_InitStructure);//EXTI_GenerateSWInterrupt(EXTI_Line8);}这样就可以中断了，在中断函数里面记得清除标志位void EXTI9_5_IRQHandler(void){if(EXTI_GetITStatus(EXTI_Line8)!= RESET){EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(EXTI_Line8);}}。