• Education is not widespread.
Indonesia about 62 % (1995).
Literacy rate in
• Woman in Indonesia can be professionals in
companies, government, military. They can vote, seek divorce, inherit or acquire property.
INDONESIA
• • • • • • • Capital City is Jakarta. Red & white flag. Bhinneka Tunggal Ika. Garuda bird . Indonesia Raya. Indonesia Language. The Rupiah is our currency. • Pancasila.
• Japan rule 1942 - 1945. • Indonesia declared freedom on August, 17 1945
- Sukarno Engr ( 1945 - 1966) - Suharto General (1967 - 1998) - Prof. Ing BJ Habibie Ph.d (1998- ? )
•
Economy
• The major industries are petroleum, textiles, and mining. • Indonesia’s main exports are timber, petroleum (40 % of foreign revenue), textiles and rubber. • Indonesia’s major trading partners are Japan
INDONESIA
By Enggal Sriwardiningsih Y.
Geography Of Indonesia
• The world’s largest archipelago, consisting of 13,367 islands ( Of which about 6060 are inhabited ) • The main islands are Java, Sumatra, Sulawesi, Kalimantan and Irian Jaya. • The Sea is 2.88 M sq.km and land is 1.92 M sq.km • Primary mountainous, 400 volcano peaks, 2/3 forest and jungle.
People
• There are 300 ethnic groups through-out Indonesia, each with different customs, languages and social structure. • Religious freedom is quarantined 7 tolerance is highly valued by Indonesians. 90 % of Indonesians
People
• Among Indonesians individuality is secondary to community concerns.
- still remains a hierarchical and honor- oriented society.
- recently, they have become materialistic.
History
• Portuguese arrived in the 15c in search of spices. • Dutch rule from 1602-1942 (VOC = Dutch East India
Company was established to manage the area’s spice trade).
• Islam appeared from Persia in the 7c. • Hinduism appeared in the 7c, brought by Indian traders from the west coast of India. • Christianity introduced by Dutch in 17c.
People
• The population of Indonesia is 194.8 M (1995)
making it the third largest population among the developing countries after China and India.
• 59% of the population lives on Java island, which is only 7% of the Indonesia land area, (density is 900/km sq)
compared with Irian and Maluku which have 2% of the population but 26 % of the Indonesia land area.
• The major cities in Indonesia are Jakarta (pop.p. 1.8 M ) and Bandung (pop.1.6 M)
are Sunni Muslims, 6 % of Indonesians are Christianity, 2 % of Indonesians are Buddhism, 1 % of Indonesians are Hinduism (Balinese), and 1 % of Indonesians are Confucianism.
History
• Buddhism was brought by Indian Buddhists in the 1 2c.
– The Sumatra-based Sriwijaya kingdom 7-13c. – Java based kingdom of Majapahit kingdom in 13-15c.