English Phonetics and Skills of Reading Aloud 《英语语音及朗读技巧》<第四讲>Composed and Compiled by Prof. Li Yi-zhongIII. Dephthongs (Double Vowels ) (8) 《双元音》（8个）（5）《合口双元音》（5个）/ e / 向/ i / 滑动，由重到轻，滑动要自然，成。
合口双元音发音的特点是：前重后轻，前清后浊，前长后短。
元音字母a 以及元音字母组合ai, ay, ei, ey, ea 可以读作/ ei /.1). 元音字母a在开音节中读长音，即字母音：e.g. cake, late, make, rate, face, male, tale, date, wake, name, bake, same, came, game, shade, take, sake, basin, spade, radio, table, plate,2). 元音字母组合ai, ay, 在重读音节中经常读/ ei /的音：e.g. wait, rain, grain, pain,paid ,gain, explain, obtain, main ,tail, waist, may, day, ray, play, way, say, pay, lay, bay, stay, today,3). 元音字母组合ei, ey 在重读音节总也可以读/ ei / :e.g. eight, they, grey,4). 元音字母组合ea, 也有读/ ei / 的时候：e.g. steak, great,5). / e / 和/ei / 对比练习：said ----say men ----mainlet -----late wet -----waitpen -----pain sell -----sailget -----gate ate -----eightred ----rate dead----date6). / ei / 和/ e / 对比练习：heavy rain a terrible headachetable tennis a special casea game of chess a helpless babyApril the second never late againan ancient temple mend too late7). Reading aloud exercises : 朗读练习：Better late than never. (迟做总比不做好。
)It is never too late to mend. （浪子回头金不换。
）Your must hit the nail on the head. （说话要中肯。
）No pains, no gains. （不劳动就没有收获。
）Call a spade a spade. （事实求是）A penny saved is a penny gained. (省一文是一文。
)欲速则不达。
)/ a / 向/ i / 滑动，要领和/ ei / 差不多；只不过舌端抵下元音字母i(y) 以及元音字母组合ei, ie, igh, eigh, eye 等在重读音节中可以读/ ai / 。
1). i 和y 在重读音节中读长音，即字母音/ ai / :e.g. bike, bite, time, mile, fine, rice, pipe, shine, ripe, life, size, wire, white, mine, nice, mice, lice,shy, sky, my, type, fly, try, eye,2). ei, ie, igh, eigh, 也经常发/ ai / 的音：e.g. pie, die, lie, height, fries,3). Practice on phrases with / ai / : 有关/ ai /的短语练习：Like to eat rice, arrive at fiveTry the French fries my wife IreneLike flying in the sky fly the white kiteLike to ride a bike. High time to light the fire4). Useful idoms with / ai / :Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁Time and tide wait for no man. 岁月不等人A stitch in time saves nine. 及时处理，事半功倍Great minds think alike. 英雄所见略同Let by-gones be by-gones. 既往不究5). Reading aloud 朗读练习：Fly kite , high in the sky,Bright in the shining light;Then I’ll wind my string, and try to guide/ o / 向/ u / 滑动，口型比/ / 向/ u /滑动，口型动作比较小，在英国较为普遍。
不过从音质上看没有什么大的差别。
用哪种发音方法都可以。
元音字母o以及元音字母组合oa, ou, ow可以读作/ ou /。
在不规则动词形式的变化中有一类动词当它们变成过去式时，经常有/ ai / 或/ i: / 变成/ ou / : e.g. ride, rode; drive, drove; rise, rose; write , wrote; strike, stroke; thrive , throve;e.g. speak, spoke; steal, stole; freeze, froze; break, broke; choose, chose ;1). o在开音节中读/ ou /:e.g. note, foe, toe, hope, cold, rope, nose, so, go, no,2). Oa, ou, ow 均可读/ ou / :e.g. though, show, low, soap, boat, coat, known, bowl, oaks, goat, row, sow, mow, grow, soul,3). 对比练习：/ ou / and / :/e.g. row ---- raw low ---- lawso ---- saw boat ---- boughtbowl ---- ball coal ----- callsoap ---- sort no ---- law4). 词组练习：e.g. go home ; don’t know / hope so / so cold / no hope / a broken bowl / so bold / so longly / old folks / no soap5). 句子练习：Little strokes fell great oaks. (滴水能穿石)A rolling stone gathers no moss. （滚石不生苔。
）As you sow you shall mow. (种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆。
)（草动知方向。
）/ a / 向/ u /滑动。
舌位同发/ ai / 时相同。
牙床从全）发音时肌肉较紧张。
注意该音极容易受鼻辅音的影响，小口型方言区的同学也要特别注意，因为在你们的方言中没有类似的音，极容易发错。
没有单个的元音字母可以发/ au /的音；只有元音字母组合ou, ow可以读/au / 的音。
1). 元音字母组合ou, ow 读/ au / :e.g. mouth, mouse, cloud, proud, ground, house, blouse, out, loud, foul, found, south, shout, mouse,brown, crowd, town, now , bow, how, down, cow, towel,2). / au / 和/ / 的对比练习：e.g. shout ---- shot Brown’s ---- bronzedoubt ---- dot spout ---- spotpound ----pond found ---- fondscouts---- Scots town ---- Tom3). 短语练习：e.g. downtown a brown tower housebow down found a cow aroundaround the house around the fountaindown south shouted the scouts4). Poems with / au / : Reading aloud :e.g. Cow, cow, 母牛哇，母牛Proud and brown, 骄傲的棕色母牛Come down to be milked, 献上自己的乳汁For the hungry town. 滋润着饥饿的城镇******* ******* ********The owl looked down with his great round eys,猫头鹰睁大眼睛向下看去，At the low clouds and the dark skies漆黑的夜空，阴云布密，“A good night for scouting,” says he,她说，“多好的夜晚让我把食觅，”“With never a sound I’ll go prowling around.我一定要仔细搜寻不出大气A mouse or two may be found on the ground.也许会发现一两只老鼠在大地Or a fat little bird in a tree.”树上说不定还有小鸟的咪咪。
”So down he flew from the old church tower,猫头鹰说时迟那时快从教堂塔楼向下冲去，The mouse and the birdie crouch and cower,耗子、小鸟都吓的魂不附体，Back he flies in half an hour,半小时后老鹰飞去，“A very good supper, ” says he.”让我自鸣得意。
/ / 向/ i / 滑动，口型有圆到扁，由开到合，肌肉/ i /; 只有元音字母组合1). oi, oy 可读作/ i / .e.g. boy, toy, roy, loyal, oil, noise, boil, soy, coin, oyster, toil, voice, spoil, loyal, soil, join, coil,2). / : / 和/ i / 对比练习：e.g. all ---- oilcall ---- coiltall ---- toiljaws ---- joy3). 词组练习：e.g. the boy’s toyjoin the boystoil on the soilspoil the choicethe noise of the coinsthe voice of joyboil the oilloyal and royal4). 短诗：e.g. Oh joy, oh joy,A child with his toyShouting at the top of his voiceMaking such a terrible noise所谓集中双元音，就是由四面八方向一点集中，顾名思/ 是由短元音/ I / 向另外一个短元音/ /自然滑动的过程构成的。