新人教版八年级上册英语单元语法及知识点归纳Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?【重点语法】不定代词：不指名代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。
用法注意：1. some 和any + 可数名/ 不可数名。
some 多用于肯定句，any 多用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句。
有些问句中用some, 不用any, 问话者希望得到对方肯定回答。
2. 由some, any, no, every 与body, one, thing 构成的复合不定代词作主语时，其谓语动词用三单。
3. 不定代词若有定语修饰，该定语要置于其后：如：something interesting 【重点短语】1. buy sth for ab./ buy sb. sth 为某人买某物2. taste + adj. 尝起来3. nothing...but + V.( 原形) 除了之外什么都没有4. seem + (to be) + adj 看起来5. arrive in + 大地方/ arrive at + 小地方到达某地6. decide to do sth. 决定做某事7. try doing sth. 尝试做某事/ try to do sth. 尽力做某事8. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事9. want to do sth. 想去做某事10. start doing sth. 开始做某事=begin doing sth.11. stop doing sth. 停止做某事区分：stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事12. dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事14. so + adj + that + 从句如此以至于16. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事17. keep doing sth. 继续做某事18. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事/ forget doing sth 忘记做过某事【词语辨析】1. take a photo/ take photos 拍照quite a few+ 名词复数“许多”2. seem + 形容词看起来... You seem happy today.seem + to do sth. 似乎/ 好像做某事I seem to have a coldIt seems + 从句似乎.. . It seems that no one believe you.seem like ... 好像，似乎.. It seems like a good idea.3. arrive in + 大地点= get to= reach+ 地点名“到达...... ”arrive at + 小地点（注：若后跟地点副词here/there/home, 介词需省略，如：arrive here; get home ）4. feel like sth 感觉像feel doing sth. 想要做某事5. wonder （想知道）+ 疑问词（who, what, why) 引导的从句。
6. because of + 名/ 代/V-ingbecause+ 从句He can ’t take a walk becausethoef rain.I don ’t buy the shirt because it was too expensive.7. enough + 名词足够的...形容词/ 副词+enoughUnit2 How often do you exercise?【重点语法】1. 频率副词: always, usually, often, sometimes, never频率副词在句中通常放在实义动词之前, be动词或助动词之后。
常用于一般现在时态中。
2. “次数”的表达方法一次once ，两次twice ，三次或三次以上：基数词+ times, 如：three times, five times,3. how often 多久“一次”问频率，回答常含有频率词组或短语。
常见的how 疑问词：1 ）How soon 多久（以后）—How soon will he be back? 他多久能回来？—He will be back in a month. 他一个月后能回来。
2 ）how long 多“久”—How long did it take you to clean the house? 你打扫房子用了多久？—It took me half an hour to clean the house. 我打扫这房子用了半小时。
3 ）How many+ 名复How much+ 不可名“多少”问数量（how much 还可问价格）【重点短语】1. go to the movies 去看电影2. look after = take care of 照顾3. surf the internet 上网4. healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式5. go skate boarding 去划板6. keep healthy=stay healthy 保持健康7. eating habits 饮食习惯8. take more exercise 做更多的运动9. the same as 与什么相同10. be different from 不同11. once a month 一月一次12. twice a week 一周两次13. m ake a difference to 对......有影响/ 作用14. most of the students=most students15. shop=go shopping=do some shopping 购物16. be good for 对... 有益17. be bad for 对... 有害18. come home from school 放学回家19. of course = certainly = sure 当然20. get good grades 取得好成绩21. keep/be in good health 保持健康22. take a vacation 去度假【词语辨析】1. maybe / may bemaybe 是副词，意为“大概，可能，或许”，一般用于句首。
May be 是情态动词，意为“可能是...，也许是...，大概是... ”.The baby is crying. Maybe she is hungry.The woman may be a teacher.2. a few / few / a little / littlea few ( 少数的，几个) a little ( 一点儿，少量) 表示肯定few ( 很少的，几乎没有的) little ( 很少的，几乎没有的) 表示否定修饰可数名词修饰不可数名词People can live to 100, but few people can live to 150.There is little time left. I won ’t catch the first bus.Could you give me a little milk?3. hard / hardlyhard 作形容词，意为“困难的，艰苦的，硬的”；作副词，意为“努力地，猛烈地”。
hardly 为副词，意为“几乎不”。
The ground is too hard to dig.I can hardly understand them.It ’s raining hard. The people can hardly go outside.4. As for homework , most students do homework every day .as for... 意思是“至于；关于”，+ 名词、代词或动词的-ing 形式（即动名词）。
如：As for him ，I never want to see him here.至于他，我永远不希望在这里见到。
As for the story ，you'd better not believe it.关于那故事，你最好不要相信。
5. That sounds interesting.这是“主语+ 系动词+ 表语”结构的简单句。
sound （听起来），look （看起来），smell （闻起来），taste （尝起来），feel （觉得），seem （好象），grow （变得）,get （变得）等词在英语中可用作系动词，后跟形容词作表语。
如：It tastes good. 这味道好。
The music sounds very sweet. 这音乐听起来很入耳。
The smoke grew heavier and heavier. 烟雾变得越来越浓了。
6. percent 名词，意为“百分之”百分数的表示方法：基数+ percent ( 不用复数形式) ，percent 做主语时，谓语动词的数要根据其后面的名词来确定。
50 ％：fifty percent 百分之五十Fifty percent of the apples are bad. 50% 的苹果都坏了。
Twenty percent of the meat is in the fridge. 20% 的肉都在冰箱7. not at a意ll 为“一点也不”，not 应放在be 动词、情态动词或助动词之后。
The story isn ’t interesting a那t a个ll.故事一点也没有趣。
8. It is + adj. to do sth. 做某事是的。
Unit3 I’ m more outgoing than my sister.It is interesting to play computer games. 玩电脑很有趣。
9. take, spend, payIt takes sb. some time to do sth. 意为 “花 费某人时 间来做某事 ”。
人 (sb.) spend 时间 / 钱 on sth. “买 某物花了钱 ”。
人 (sb.) spend 时 间 / 钱 (in) doing 花“费 多少时间来做某事 ”。
pay 的主语必须是人，而 “花 钱买某物 ”为 pay...for...10. however 副词，意为 “然 而，可是 ”，表示转折关系，可放在句首、句中、句末。
【重点语法】1. 形容词和副词的比较等级（ 1 ）形容词和副词的原形就是原级（ 2 ）比较级，表示较或 更（ 3 ）最高级， 表示最 ... 。