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http://min g228.b lo g.51cto.co m/421298/117655Yum（全称为Yellow dog Updater, Modified）是一个在Fedora中的shell前端软件包管理器。
基于rpm包管理，能够从指定的服务器自动下载RPM包并且安装，可以自动处理依赖性关系，并且一次安装所有依赖的软体包，无须繁琐地一次次下载、安装。
软体包来源可供Yum下载的软体包包括fedora 本身的软体包以及源自的Fedora Extras，全部是由Linux社区维护的，并且基本是自由软体。
所有的包都有一个独立的GPG 签名，主要是为了你的系统安全。
而对于Fedora core 4.0 的用户， 的签名是自动导入并安装的。
图形化前端Yum的图形化前端主要有yumex和kyum。
它们并不是独立于Yum的，而是Yum的图形前端，也就是说在安装和使用Yumex和kyum同时，都是以Yum的安装和配置为基础；所以在用Yum ex或kyum 时，必须先安装配置Yum。
一.做好准备工作.1.安装FTP,一般都是通过FTP来下载软件包.安装好后启动它.2.现在进行拷贝文件.把光盘里的所有文件都拷贝到/var/ftp/pub/下面.实际上只拷贝Server 和VT两个文件过去就行了,还可以不用把全部RPM安装软件包拷贝过去,太多了,一共2.4G左右,如果系统一开始安装分配给var的空间不够就可以这样做.完成后切换到/var/ftp/pub/目录下删除*.ht m l删除Server/repodata/TRANS.TBL删除VT/repodata/TRANS.TBL以上是建议删除的,不删除也可以.二.配置客户端进去后添加如下内容.注意看清了内容很类似.配置文件内容简介：[ ]内的是仓库的名字name仓库的描述baseurl 是你的YUM源地址,因为这里配置的是FTP,还可以是HTTP,FILE等enabled 是否启用这个仓库，1为起用，0为禁用gpgcheck 是否检查GPG签名（用来验证要安装的包是不是REDHAT官方的）GPGKEY 的存放地址需要用下面的命令到入这个签名。
才能使用这项功能三.配置服务器安装createrepo工具，然后用这个工具生成YUM通用数据库.可看到一个是安装,两个操作,很类似的.也可以看到是成功的.这样就OK下四.下面看下yu m的命令和进行测试.1. yum install <package>这里是安装下载的软件包,由于本实验没有提供FTP下载.2.yum localinstall <package> 本地安装软件包,在这里本服务器做YUM源.看个例子.[root@rhel5 /]# yum localinstall /var/ftp/pub/Server/dhcp*Loading "rhnplugin" pluginLoading "installonlyn" pluginThis system is not registered with RHN.RHN support will be disabled.Setting up Local Package ProcessExamining /var/ftp/pub/Server/dhcp-3.0.5-3.el5.i386.rpm: dhcp - 12:3.0.5-3. el5.i386Examining /var/ftp/pub/Server/dhcp-devel-3.0.5-3.el5.i386.rpm: dhcp-devel - 12:3.0.5-3.el5.i386Examining /var/ftp/pub/Server/dhcpv6-0.10-33.el5.i386.rpm: dhcpv6 - 0.10-3 3.el5.i386Examining /var/ftp/pub/Server/dhcpv6_client-0.10-33.el5.i386.rpm: dhcpv6_cli ent - 0.10-33.el5.i386Marking /var/ftp/pub/Server/dhcp-3.0.5-3.el5.i386.rpm to be installedSetting up repositoriesReading repository metadata in from local filesMarking /var/ftp/pub/Server/dhcp-devel-3.0.5-3.el5.i386.rpm to be installed Setting up repositoriesReading repository metadata in from local filesMarking /var/ftp/pub/Server/dhcpv6-0.10-33.el5.i386.rpm to be installed Setting up repositoriesReading repository metadata in from local filesMarking /var/ftp/pub/Server/dhcpv6_client-0.10-33.el5.i386.rpm to be installedSetting up repositoriesReading repository metadata in from local filesResolving Dependencies-->Populating transaction set with selected packages. Please wait.--->Package dhcp.i386 12:3.0.5-3.el5 set to be updated--->Package dhcpv6.i386 0:0.10-33.el5 set to be updated--->Package dhcpv6_client.i386 0:0.10-33.el5 set to be updated--->Package dhcp-devel.i386 12:3.0.5-3.el5 set to be updated-->Running transaction checkDependencies Resolved================================================= ============================Package Arch Version Repository Size================================================= ============================Installing:dhcp i386 12:3.0.5-3.el5 /var/ftp/pub/Server/dhc p-3.0.5-3. el5.i386.rpm 2.1 Mdhcp-devel i386 12:3.0.5-3.el5 /var/ftp/pub/Server/dhcp-devel-3.0.5-3.el5.i386.rpm 1.4 Mdhcpv6 i386 0.10-33.el5 /var/ftp/pub/Server/dhcpv6-0.10-33.el5.i386.rpm 759 kdhcpv6_client i386 0.10-33.el5 /var/ftp/pub/Server/dhcpv6_clie nt-0.10-33.el5.i386.rpm 161 kTransaction Summary================================================= ============================Install 4 Package(s)Update 0 Package(s)Remove 0 Package(s)Total download size: 4.4 MIs this ok [y/N]: yDownloading Packages:Running Transaction TestFinished Transaction TestTransaction Test SucceededRunning TransactionInstalling: dhcp ######################### [1/ 4]Installing: dhcpv6 ######################### [2 /4]Installing: dhcpv6_client ######################### [3/4]Installing: dhcp-devel ######################### [4/4]Installed: dhcp.i386 12:3.0.5-3.el5 dhcp-devel.i386 12:3.0.5-3.el5 dhcpv6.i38 6 0:0.10-33.el5 dhcpv6_client.i386 0:0.10-33.el5Complete![root@rhel5 /]#3.yum update 全部更新[root@rhel5 /]# yum updateLoading "rhnplugin" pluginLoading "installonlyn" pluginThis system is not registered with RHN.RHN support will be disabled.Setting up Update ProcessSetting up repositoriesReading repository metadata in from local filesNo Packages marked for Update/Obsoletion4.yum update package 更新指定程序包package5.yum check-update[root@rhel5 /]# yum check-updateLoading "rhnplugin" pluginLoading "installonlyn" pluginThis system is not registered with RHN.RHN support will be disabled.Setting up repositoriesReading repository metadata in from local filesck-update6.yum info <package> 显示安装包信息7.yum list 显示所有已经安装和可以安装的程序包8.yum list <package>显示指定程序包安装情况9.yum search <keyword>查找软件包[root@rhel5 /]# yum search "dhcp*"Loading "rhnplugin" pluginLoading "installonlyn" pluginThis system is not registered with RHN.RHN support will be disabled.Setting up repositoriesReading repository metadata in from local filesdhcpv6_client.i386 0.10-33.el5 installedMatched from:dhcpv6_clientDHCPv6 clientProvides the client for the DHCPv6 protocol (RFC 3315) to support dynamic configuration of IPv6 addresses and parameters.See m an dhcp6c(8), dhcp6c.conf(5), and the docum entation in/usr/share/dhcpv6_client* .[url]/[/url]dhcp-devel.i386 12:3.0.5-3.el5 installed Matched from:dhcp-develDevelopment headers and libraries for interfacing to the DHCP server Libraries for interfacing with the ISC DHCP server.[url]/products/DHCP/[/url]dhcp.i386 12:3.0.5-3.el5 installed Matched from:dhcpA DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) server and relay agent. DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is a protocol which allows individual devices on an IP network to get their own network configuration information (IP address, subnet mask, broadcast address, etc.) from a DHCP server. The overall purpose of DHCP is to m ake it easier to administer a large network. The dhcp package includes the ISC DHCP service and relay agent.To use DHCP on your network, install a DHCP service (or relay agent), and on clients run a DHCP client daem on. The dhcp package provides the ISC DHCP service and relay agent.[url]/products/DHCP/[/url]dhcpv6.i386 0.10-33.el5 installed Matched from:dhcpv6DHCPv6 - DHCP server and client for IPv6Implem ents the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) for Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) networks in accordance withRFC 3315 : Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol for IPv6 (DHCPv6). Consists of dhcp6s(8), the server DHCP daemon, and dhcp6r(8),the DHCPv6 relay agent.Install this if you want to support dynamic configuration ofIPv6 addresses and parameters on your IPv6 network.See m an dhcp6s(8), dhcp6r(8), dhcp6s.conf(5),and the docum entation in /usr/share/doc/dhcpv6* .[url]/[/url][root@rhel5 /]#10.yum remove | erase package1 删除程序包[root@rhel5 /]# yum remove "dhcp*"Loading "rhnplugin" pluginLoading "installonlyn" pluginThis system is not registered with RHN.RHN support will be disabled.Setting up Remove ProcessResolving Dependencies-->Populating transaction set with selected packages. Please wait.--->Package dhcp.i386 12:3.0.5-3.el5 set to be erased--->Package dhcpv6.i386 0:0.10-33.el5 set to be erased--->Package dhcpv6_client.i386 0:0.10-33.el5 set to be erased--->Package dhcp-devel.i386 12:3.0.5-3.el5 set to be erased-->Running transaction checkDependencies Resolved================================================= ============================Package Arch Version Repository Size================================================= ============================Removing:dhcp i386 12:3.0.5-3.el5 installed 2.1 Mdhcp-devel i386 12:3.0.5-3.el5 installed 1.4 Mdhcpv6 i386 0.10-33.el5 installed 759 kdhcpv6_client i386 0.10-33.el5 installed 161 k Transaction Summary================================================= ============================Install 0 Package(s)Update 0 Package(s)Remove 4 Package(s)Is this ok [y/N]: yDownloading Packages:Running Transaction TestFinished Transaction TestTransaction Test SucceededRunning TransactionRemoving : dhcp ######################### [1/4]Removing : dhcpv6 ######################### [2/4]Removing : dhcpv6_client ######################## # [3/4]Removing : dhcp-devel #########################[4/4]Removed: dhcp.i386 12:3.0.5-3.el5 dhcp-devel.i386 12:3.0.5-3.el5 dhcpv6.i3 86 0:0.10-33.el5 dhcpv6_client.i386 0:0.10-33.el5Complete![root@rhel5 /]#yum会把下载的软件包和header存储在cache中，而不会自动删除。