四级听力短对话必看10大场景词1. 学校场景课程分类：Optional course 选修课Required course 必修课Day course 白天的课Evening course 晚上的课科目或专业：Chinese 中文mathematic 数学history 历史chemistry 化学Literature 文学考试：Final exam 期终考试middle exam 期中考试make up 补考private school 私立学校religious school 教会学校学校中的人：president 校长dean 院长professor 教授lecturer 讲师teaching assistant 助教doctor 博士master 硕士bachelor 学士freshman 大一新生sophomore 大二学生junior 大三学生senior 大四学生lend / borrow / check out 借书reference book 参考书overdue 过期return 还书fine 罚金attend / have a lecture 上课2. 交通运输场景fare 车票license 驾照rush hours 高峰时间traffic jam 交通堵塞overtake 超车one way street 单行道over speed 超速police officer 交警ticket 罚单fast way / express way / high way 高速公路free way 免费高速公路ring road 环线subway (美) / underground (英) 地铁underpass 人行地道overhead 轻轨flyover 人行天桥3. 电话场景mobile phone 手机pay phone 公用电话telephone box/booth 电话亭extension 分机put~ through 接通hold on 不要挂断，稍等take/leave a message 留言hang up / get off 挂断4. 机场场景:plane / craft 飞机book 订票timetable 时间表destination 目的地one way ticket 单程票round trip ticket 来回票non-stop / direct flight 直航transfer / lay over / stop over 转机first / business / economy cabin 头等/ 商务/ 经济舱confirm the flight 确认航班check in 登记boarding card 登机牌security check 安检see off 送行board 登机take off 起飞departure 离港safety / seatbelt 安全带land 着陆5. 公司场景job vacancy 有空缺职位letter of application 求职信resume 简历basic / personal info. 基本信息/个人资料academic background 教育背景work experience 工作经验interview 面试work overtime 加班wage 周薪salary 日薪bonus奖金allowance 津贴annual income 年收入promotion 升职fire 解雇resign 辞职retire 退休laid-off 下岗work / job / career / course post / position / vocation / title 职务假期休息的说法（依次是从大到小）holiday 假日，假期vacation 休假annual leave 年假sick leave 病假rest 休息break 指喝杯茶、喝杯咖啡的休息coffee break6. 租房场景live on campus 住校live off campus 住校外for sale 可销售的房子for rent / lease 可出租的房子location 位置suburb / downtown 市郊/ 市中心condition 住房条件furnished 配家具unfurnished 无装修leak 漏水environment 环境land lord 房东land lady 房东太太roommate 室友好的室友：neat 整洁的considerate 体贴的，细心的不好的室友：messy / untidy 脏乱的noisy 吵闹的7. 医院场景see a doctor 去医院看医生send for a doctor 让医生出诊health center / clinic 卫生所/ 门诊部physician 内科医生surgeon 外科医生dentist 牙医make an appointment 预约emergency 急诊check up / exam 检查cold 感冒——flu 流感——headache 头痛——sore throat 嗓子痛——fever 发烧——toothache 牙疼——stomachache 胃疼symptomprescribe 开药方pill / tablet 药片injection8. 宾馆场景make a reservation 预订房间confirm a reservation 确认预订cancel a reservation 取消预订fully booked / full up / full 客满porter 行旅员tips 小费reception 前台check in 登记入住single room 单人房double room 一张大床的双人房twin room 两张单人床的双人房suite 套房bathroom toilet / w.c closet restroom 厕所9. 邮局场景post / send / mail 寄letter / mail 信registered mail 挂号信regular mail 平信airmail 航空信overweight 超重postage 邮资email 电子邮件reply 回复forward 转发cc(carbon copy) 抄送bcc(blind carbon copy) 秘密抄送subject 主题attach 附件10. 饭店场景eat out 出去吃take away 外带fast food 快餐book a table 订位子waiter / waitness 服务员waitressmenu 菜单order 点菜appetizer 开胃菜main course 主食dessert 餐后甜点bill 账单service charge 服务费change 找零tips 小费keep the change 不用找零了四六级听力简短对话题型归类和应试策略（一）数字与计算题“数字与计算”是早年大学英语四级统考中的听力测试的最常考项目之一，常见的计算题包括时间、价格、年龄、距离、速度等。
出题形式可分为计算型、辨认型和替换型。
以加减计算题为主。
相关词汇与表达：more, less, late, early, fast, slow, ahead of schedule, delay, postpone, decrease, times, twice, double, a quarter, a half, the day before yesterday, by noon, half an hour【例一】A) $1.40 B) $4.30 C) $6.40 D) $8.60W: Here is a ten-dollar bill. Give me two tickets for tonight’s show, please.M: Sure. Two tickets and here’s a dollar forty cents change.Q: How much does one ticket cost?【例二】A) 5:10. B) 5:00. C) 4:30. D) 5:15.M: I wonder if Sue will be here by five o’clock.W: Her husband said she left home at half past four. She should be here at ten after fiveand a quarter past five at the latest.Q: What time did Sue leave home? (2001.6/7)（二）职业、身份和相互关系题这种类型的题目相对比较简单。
首先，四个选择往往是4种不同职业或者是表示两个对话者之间关系的词。
如husband and wife, boss and secretary, librarian and student或customer and repairman等。
选择项的特点决定了提问的内容。
了解这一点后，在听音过程中，就可以把注意力集中到一些关键词或词组上，以便作出准确判断。
其次，提问的方式比较单一固定。
1、常见的提问方式是：What’s the man/ woman?What does the man/ woman do?What’s the man’s /woman’s job/ profession/ occupation?What’s the probable relationship between the man and woman?What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers?在听音过程中，只需集中注意力听清对话，根据对话提供的有效信息，便可以比较快地作出正确选择。
2、相关词汇和表达：1、营业员与顾客（shop assistant and customer）What can I do for you? / on sale/ Can I help you? / out of style/ ready-made/ receipt/ check-out stand/ size/ color/ fit/ look round2、饭店场景eat out 出去吃take away 外带fast food 快餐book a table 订位子waiter / waitness 服务员waitress menu 菜单order 点菜appetizer 开胃菜main course 主食dessert 餐后甜点bill 账单service charge 服务费change 找零tips 小费keep the change 不用找零了其他closed 关门open 开门office hours / business hours / working hours 工作时间，营业时间关于开关power on / off 开/关turn on / off 开/关switch on / off 开/ 关 (这个词只能用于与电有关的开关，不能用于水龙头之类的开关)干杯cheerspropose a toast tobottom upthe best book 最好的书圣经the best thing 最好的事情选择the last thing 最不愿意做的事情the last man 最不愿意见的人best seller 畅销的东西sell up 卖完，卖光售罄sell out卖完，卖光售罄 / 出卖朋友或原则sell off 低价处理库存商品selling machine 自动售货机selling point 卖点count the days 渴望count on = dependent / rely on depend on count in 把……考虑在内count for nothing 一钱不值count for little 无足轻重count for much 举足轻重count down 倒计时count up 相加count up to 共计饭店服务员与顾客（waiter/ waitress and customer）menu/ seasoning/ order/ treat/ go Dutch/ steak/ ham/ bill/ Dutch Treat/reserve/ make a reservation3、学校场景课程分类optional course 选修课required course 必修课day course 白天的课evening course 晚上的课经常出现的科目或专业chinese 中文english 英语mathematic 数学history 历史chemistry 化学literature 文学考试final exam 期终考试middle exam 期中考试make up 补考test测验pop test 事先没有说好的测验quiz 测验oral test 口试考试临近draw on / in sight of / draw nearly考试延期或取消delay / be off / defer / hold up / postpone / put off / suspend学校分类public school 公立学校private school 私立学校religious school 教会学校学校中的人president 校长dean 院长professor 教授lecturer 讲师coordinator 管理员doctor 博士master 硕士bachelor 学士freshman 大一新生sophomore 大二学生junior 大三学生senior 大四学生图书馆借书 lend / borrow / check out 参考书 reference book续借 renew过期 overdue还书 return罚金 fineattend / have a lecture 上课cut a class 逃课miss a class 错过了课scholarship 荣誉奖学金assistantship 助教奖学金teaching assistant 助教research assistant 助研semester 学期图书管理员与学生( librarian and student)borrow/ renew/ library card/ library catalogue/ loan desk/ due/ overdue/ fine/ finish reading4、医院场景see a doctor 去医院看医生send for a doctor 让医生出诊health center / clinic 卫生所/ 门诊部physician 内科医生surgeon 外科医生dentist 牙医make an appointment 预约emergency 急诊check up / exam 检查cold(感冒)—— flu (流感) —— headache (头痛)—— sore throat(嗓子痛)——fever(发烧)—— toothache(牙疼) —— stomachache (胃疼)prescribe 开药方pill / tablet 药片liquid 喝药水injection => shot 注射operation 手术medical result 诊断结果医生与病人( doctor and patient)What’s wrong?/ What seems to be the symptom ?/ What’s the matter?/ indigestion/ stomache/ be operated on/ give an injection/ chest pain/ feel worn out5、教师与学生( teacher and student)tuition/ registration/ required course/ compulsory course/ optional course/ elective course/ drop out/ quit school/ credits/ attendance/pass course6、机场场景plane / craft 飞机book 订票timetable 时间表destination 目的地open ticketone way ticket 单程票round trip ticket 来回票non-stop / direct flight 直航transfer / lay over / stop over 转机first / business / economy cabin 头等/ 商务/ 经济舱confirm the flight 确认航班check in 登记boarding card 登机牌security check 安检see off 送行送别时的祝语keep in touch 保持联系safe landing 安全着陆board 登机take off 起飞departure 离港safety / sect belt 安全带land 着陆arrival 进港pick up 接机空姐与乘客（airhostess and passenger）交通运输场景fare 车票licence 驾照rush hours 高峰时间traffic jam 交通堵塞overtake 超车one way street 单行道over speed 超速police officer 交警ticket 罚单fine 罚金fast way / express way / high way 高速公路motor way 机动车道super way 飞机机动车道free way 免费高速公路交通工具(出现频率从高到低)plane / train(女) / bus / bike(女) / walk(女) / taxi (女)：女生比较喜欢tunnel / channel 隧道ring road 环线subway(美) / underground (英) 地铁metro 地道地铁underpass人行地道overhead 轻轨flyover 人行天桥mag – lev 磁悬浮take a taxi 乘出租车call a taxi 招出租车/订出租车catch a train / bus 赶火车/汽车邮局场景post / send / mail 寄letter / mail 信registered mail 挂号信regular mail 平信airmail 航空信parcel / package 包裹telegram / cable 电报rate 费率overweight 超重postage 邮资email 电子邮件reply 回复forward 转发cc(carbon copy) 抄送bcc(blind carbon copy)秘密抄送subject 主题attach 附件attachmenttake off/ board/ fasten seatbelt/ land/ depart/ departure time /extinguish cigarettes7、公司场景job vacancy 有空缺职位letter of application 求职信resume 简历resume包括几部分basic / personal info. 基本信息/个人资料academic background 教育背景work experience 工作经验certificates and honoursinterview 面试offer 聘用信work experience 工作经验work overtime 加班ask for a raise 加钱wage 周薪salary 日薪bonus奖金allowance 津贴annual income 年收入promotion 升职fire 解雇resign 辞职retire 退休laid-off 下岗work / job / career / course 工作post / position / vocation / title 职务假期休息的说法(依次是从大到小)holiday 假日，假期vacation 休假annual leave 年假sick leave 病假rest 休息break 指喝杯茶、喝杯咖啡的休息 coffee break away 离开一会公司职位从大到小chairman of the boardpresident -- general manager—manager – department manager—head – officer – specialist(专员)-- clerk老板与秘书( boss and secretary)copy/ make arrangement/ break down/ inform8 宾馆场景make a reservation 预订房间confirm a reservation 确认预订cancel a reservation 取消预订fully booked / full up / full 客满宾馆场景make a reservation 预订房间confirm a reservation 确认预订cancel a reservation 取消预订fully booked / full up / full 客满porter 行旅员tips 小费reception 前台check in 登记入住single room 单人房double room 一张大床的双人房twin room 两张单人床的双人房suite 套房bathroom toilet / w.c closet restroom 厕所room service 客房服务 (四级听力中的客房服务一般只有考一种——送餐)lounge 男士用休息区lobby 大堂business center 商务中心salon 美容厅ball 舞厅bar 酒吧night club 夜总会check out 退房6.租房场景live on campus 住校live off campus 住校外for sale 可销售的房子for rent / lease 可出租的房子to let 同上rent 租金utilities 公用事业费location 位置suburb / downtown 市郊/ 市中心condition 住房条件furnished 配家具unfurnished 无装修leaking 漏水blackout 断电environment 环境transportation 交通land lord 房东land lady 房东太太tenant 房客roommate 室友好的室友：neat 整洁的considerate 体贴的，细心的不好的室友：messy / untidy 脏乱的noisy 吵闹的电话场景mobile phone 手机pay phone 公用电话telephone box/booth 电话亭yellow page 黄页dial (拨电话号码) / press (按电话号码)extension 分机operator 总机put~through 接通wrong number / there is no one by this name 电话号码错了/ 没有这个人is not in 不在?be not inhold on 不要挂断，稍等take/leave a message 留言hang up / get off 挂断credit call 记账式电话bill the call into the 3rd party 免费电话collect call 对方付费电话【例一】A) Husband and wife. B) Father and daughterC) Doctor and patient. D) Teacher and student.W: Have you found anything wrong with my stomach?M: Not yet. I’m still examining. I’ll let you know the result next week.Q: What’s the probable relationship between the man and the woman?【例二】A) A railway porter. B) A taxi driver.C) A bus conductor. D) A postal clerk.W: Excuse me, Sir, I’m going to send this parcel to London. What’s the postage for it?M: Let me see. It’s one pound and fifty.Q: Who is the woman most probably speaking to?【例三】A) Colleagues. C) Employer and employee.B) Husband and wife. D) Mother and son.W: John, what are you doing on your computer? Don’t you remember your promise?M: This is not a game. It’s only a cross word puzzle that helps increase my vocabulary.Q: What is the probable relationship between the speakers? (2003.1) （三）因果关系题提高这类测试题的应试能力，考生必须学会分析选择项。