新加坡地理经济文化英语介绍新加坡共和国Republic of SingaporeSingapore, officially the Republic of Singapore, is an island country located at the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula. It lies 137 kilometres (85 mi) north of the equator, south of the Malaysian state of Johor and north of Indonesia's Riau Islands. At 707.1 km2 (273.0 sq mi), Singapore is one of four remaining true city-states in the world. It is the smallest nation in Southeast Asia.Prior to European settlement, the island now known as Singapore was the site of a Malay fishing village at the mouth of the Singapore River. Several hundred indigenous Orang Laut people also lived along the nearby coast, rivers and on smaller islands. In 1819 the British East India Company established a trading post on the island, which was used thereafter as a strategic trading post along the spice route.[4] Singapore would become one of the most important commercial and military centres of the British Empire, and the hub of British power in Southeast Asia. The city was occupied by the Japanese during World War II, which Winston Churchill called "Britain's greatest defeat".[5] Singapore reverted to British rule immediately postwar, in 1945. Eighteen years later the city, having achieved independence from Britain, merged with Malaya, Sabah and Sarawak to form Malaysia. However, less than two years later it seceded from the federation and became an independent republic on 9 August 1965. Singapore joined the United Nations on 21 September that same year. It is also a member of the Commonwealth of Nations.Since independence, Singapore's standard of liv ing has been on the rise. Foreign direct investment and a state-led drive to industrialisation based on plans drawn up by the Dutch economist Albert Winsemius have created a modern economy focused on electronics manufacturing, petrochemicals, tourism and financial services alongside traditional entrepôt trade.[citation needed] Singapore is the 5th wealthiest country in the world in terms of GDP (PPP) per capita.[6] This small nation has foreign exchange reserves of more than US$177 billion.[7]The population of Singapore is approximately 4.84 million.[2] Though Singapore is highly cosmopolitan and diverse, ethnic Chinese form the majority of the population. English is the administrative language of the country.The Constitution of the Republic of Singapore established the nation's political system as a representative democracy, while the country is recognised as a parliamentary republic.[8] The People's Action Party (PAP) dominates the political process and has won control of Parliament in every election.新加坡自然地理Nature Geography 1位于东南亚，是马来西亚半岛最南端的一个热带城市岛国。
面积为693平方公里，北隔柔佛海峡与马来西亚为邻，有长堤与马来西亚的新山相通，南隔新加坡海峡与印度尼西亚相望。
Singapore physical geography is located at Southeast Asia, is a Peninsular Malaysia most south tip of tropics city island country. The area is 693 square kilometers, north separates the Johore channel and Malaysia is the neighbour, has the causeway and Malaysia's Joho re is interlinked, south separates the Singapore channel and Indonesia faces one another新加坡国名由来How Did Singapore Get Its Name2加坡是一个城市国家，原意为“狮城”。
据马来史籍记载，公元1150年左右，苏门答腊的室利佛逝王国王子盘那乘船到达此岛，看见一头猛兽，当地人告知为狮子，遂有“狮城”之称。
新加坡是梵语“狮城”之谐音，由于当地居民受印度文化影响较深，喜欢用梵语作为地名。
而狮子具有勇猛、雄健的特征，故以此作为地名是很自然的事。
过去华侨多称其为“息辣”，即马来语“海峡”的意思，也有因其小而将之称为星洲、星岛的。
图为新加坡的标志与象征——鱼尾狮塑像和“新加坡国父”---李光耀。
Singapore is a city state, the original intention is “Singapore”. According to Malaya the historical records record, about 1150, Sumatra's room advantage Buddha passed kingdom prince plate that to go by boat to arrive at this island, saw a beast of prey, the native to inform for the lion, then had “Singapore” the name. Singapore is Pali “Singapore” the harmonics, because the local resident is been deep the Indian culture influence, likes taking the geographic name with Pali. But the lion has, the vigorous characteristic fiercely, therefore by this achievement geographic name is the very natural matter. In the past overseas Chinese multi-name it “the Singapore”, namely Mala y “channel” meaning, also had because of its slightly, but will be called Singapore, Sing Tao. The chart makes an idol for Singapore's symbol and the symbolic - - fish tail lion with “the Singapore father”---Lee Kuan Yew.面积Area measurement ：为693平方公里693 square kilometers t 3首都Capital：新加坡（Singapore）独立日Independence Day：8月9日（1965年）官方语言official language ：英语、汉语、马来语、泰米尔语English, Chinese, Ma lay, Tamil language行政用语：英语汉语（2006年起汉语也可作为政府行政语言）Administrative terminol ogy: English Chinese (in 2006 Chinese may also take government administration language国家格言：Majulah Singapura（前进吧，新加坡”Advance, Singapore国歌：Majulah Singapura 前进吧，新加坡Advance, Singapore国语National language ：马来语Malay国花national flower ：以一种名为卓锦·万代兰的胡姬花为国花。