元音和辅音是英语48个国际音标的两个基本分类；其中元音有20个，辅音有28个；而元音又分为单元音和双元音，单元音又可以分为长元音和短元音。

长元音(5个)/i/ read bee east /з:/ best end never/ɔ:/ all awful fault /u:/ who improve rule /a:/ father possible impossible短元音(7个)/ו/ fit busy city /ə/ alone possible suppose /ɒ/ problem box stop /æ/ relax happy active/∧/ hurry luck something /e/ fail train April/ʊ/ good foot bookA good cook could cook good cookies.(一个好的厨师可以做出好的饼干.）/∧/ hurry luck something /e/ fail train April双元音8个/ai/ China side time /ei/ game wait hey/aʊ/ Allow about hour /əʊ/ Soul know smoke /ʊə/ tour poor sure /εə/ hair air bear/ɔi/ Join enjoy point /iə/ ear hear fear辅音28个/p/ pea pear pig /t/ neat tear tie/k/ know knife knock /ƒ/ few life safe/s/ rice price sip /θ/ thank thin bath/ʃ/ rush mention pressure /ʧ/ chain cheep cheer /tr/ Track tree try /ts/ carts mates rates /b/ boy bee bear /d/ need did dear/g/ good girl god /v/ view live safe/z/ rise zip prize /ð/ than this clothe /ӡ/ garage measure pleasure /dӡ/ Jeep jeer joke /dr / drag dream dry /dz/ cards maids raids /m/ memory time milk /n/ no low not/ŋ/sing strong wrong / h / Help him her/ r / rare roads Rome / l / Love left little/ w / way what want / j / yet your excuse口语训练对话：1. —— Good morning/afternoon/evening.—— Good morning/afternoon/evening/Hello/Hi.2. —— How are you?——I’m fine, thanks. And you? /And how are you?—— Fine, thank you.3. —— Nice to meet/see you.—— Nice to meet/see you, too.——How do you do?——How do you do?——I’m Juvian./My name is Juvian.——I’m Elena./My name is Elena.——Good bye.——Bye-bye.4. ——Hello, I’m Neal.——Hi, I’m Nancy.5. —— How is everything going?—— Fine, thank you, And you?—— Fine, thanks.6. ——What’s your name?/May I have your name, please?——I’m Nancy/My name is Nancy.7. —— How old are you?——I’m eleven.8. —— Which grade are you in?—— Class 2, Grade 5.9. —— Do you like balloons?—— Yes, I do.—— Why? Why do you like balloons?——Because they’re colorful and interesting.10. —— Do you like pandas?—— Yes, I do.——Why?（Why do you like pandas?）——Because it’s very cute.——Let’s go to see the pandas?——That sounds great.11. —— Can you count from one to twenty?——Sure. One, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight ,nine ,ten,eleven,twelve,thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixteen,seve nteen,eighteen,nineteen,twenty.12. ——What’s your phone number?——It’s 23886623.(七位号码:前三后四,八位号码:各四位)13. ——What’s the time, please?/What’s the time by your watch?——Let’s me see. It’s 4:30.14 —— What would you have for dinner?——I’d like hamburgers and some orange juice.—— Do you like hot dogs? why?——Yes, I do. It’s very nice.15. —— Do you have sports every day?——Yes I do.——What do you usually do after school?—— I exercise a lot. I like skipping -rope.16. —— Do you watch TV every day?—— Yes , I do.——What time do you watch TV every day?——At 7:30.17. —— What time do you get up every day?—— At 6:30.18. —— What time do you have your lunch every day?——At 11:30.19. —— What time do you go to school every day?——At 7:30.20. —— What time do you have your breakfast every day?——At 7:00.21. —— What time do you have your dinner every day?——At 6:00.22. —— What time do you go home every day?——At 5:00.23. ——How many boys/girls/pupils are there in your class?——Twenty-two/Twenty-eight/Fifty.24. —— What color is your sweater/shirt/coat/dress?——It’s blue/red and yellow.25. —— What are you doing now?——I’m answering your questions.——What am I doing?——You’re asking me some question.26. —— How do you go to school?——On foot.——How does your mother/father go to work?——On foot. By bike/motorbike/car/bus.27. —— How many classes in your school?——There’re twelve.28. —— What day is it today?——It’s Sunday/Monday/Tuesday/Wednesday/ Thursday/Friday/Saturday.29. ——How many days in the week?——Seven——Can you say them out?——Yes, Sunday/Monday/Tuesday/Wednesday/Thursday/Friday/Saturday.30. ——What’s the dat e today?——It’s March 1st/2 nd/3 rd/4th/5 th.31. ——What day is the first/last/3 rd day of the week?——Sunday/Saturday/Tuesday.32. —— Which day do we begin to have classes?——Monday.33. —— Which day is after/before Thursday?——Friday/Wednesday.34. ——Which day is between Tuesday and Thursday?——Wednesday.35. —— How many months in the year?——Twelve.——Can you say them out?——January/February/March/April/May/June/July/August/September/October/November/Decemer.36. —— Which month is the first /last/4 th month in the year?——January/December/April.37. —— Which month is between April and June?——May.38. —— Which month is after/before May?——June/April.39. —— Which month is Christmas Day in?——Christmas is in December.40. ——When is New Year’s Day/Women’s Day?——It’s January 1st/March 8th.41. ——Is Christmas Day on November 25th?——No. It’s on December 25th.42. ——If today is your birthday, someone says “Happy birthday to you! ”, What will you say?——Thank you very much.43. —— If today is Spring Festival, you visit someone, what will you say?——Happy New Year.44. —— How many seasons in the year?——Four.——Can you say it out?——Yes, Spring, Summer, autumn, winter.45. —— What season do you like best?——Spring.——Why?——Because it’s green.46. ——What’s the weather like in spring in your hometown?——It’s warm and rainy.47. ——What’s the weather like in summer in your hometown?——It’s hot and sunny.48. ——What’s the weather like in autumn in your hometown?——It’s windy and cool.49. ——What’s the weather like in winter in your hometown?——It’s cold.50. ——What do you do in different kinds of weather/seasons?——In spring, I often go out to fly kites. In summer, I usually go swimming. In autumn, I often play football in the playground. In winter, I usually play table tennis inside the door.51. —— What do you have for lunch?——I have rice and meat.52. —— Where do you eat lunch?——At home.53. ——What do you often drink after lunch/meals?——I often drink some tea.54. —— Do you like math? Why?——No, I don’t, It’s difficult and boring.55. —— Do you like PE? Why?——Yes, I do. Because I can play in the playground.56. —— What subject do you like best? Why?——English. Because it’s useful and interesting.57. ——What subjects do you have at school?——I have English, Chinese, Math, Music, PE, and Art.58. ——What did you do at 10 o’clock yesterday?——I had Chinese.59. —— What do you do at 11:30 in the morning?——I have lunch.60. —— What do you do at 4:30 in the afternoon?——I go home.61. —— What do you do at 9:00 in the night?——I go to bed.62. —— At Spring Festival, What do you have?——I have peanuts, sweats, fish and oranges.63. —— Do you like shopping? Who with you?——Yes, I do. I often go shopping with my mother.64. ——If you’re a shop assistant, I’d like to buy some cheese, what can you say?——What can I do for you? / Can I help you? / May I help you?65. ——You want to buy a pencil, what will you say to the shop assistant?——How much is the pencil?66. —— How often do you have an English lesson?——Twice a week.67. ——Where are you come from?——I come from Changsha.——Where is Changsha?——It’s in the middle of Hunan provice.——What do you think of Changsha?——It’s a beautiful place.68. —— What time do the classes finish in your school every morning?——At 11:00.69. —— How is the weather forecast for tomorrow?——I think it will be sunny.70. ——Where can I change some money?——You can go to a bank.——Which bank is the nearest?——Bank of china. / Agricultural Bank of china. / Industrial and Commercial —— Bank of china. / Construction Bank of china.——Where is it?——Go straight on./Go straight forward, then turn left/right.71. ——Could you tell me the time?——It’s 11:10.72. —— When does the football match begin?——It begins at 7:00.73. —— Is your English teacher a foreigner?——No, she is a Chinese.74. ——What’s the weather like today?——It’s fine/sunny/cloudy/windy/rainy.75. ——What’s the capital of China?——Beijing.76. ——What’s the capital of America?——Washington D.C.——Where is it?——It’s in the east.77. —— Is New York the capital of the USA?——No, it’s Washington D.C.78. —— Where do you live?——I live in Yongchun.——How many music lessons do you have every week?——Two.80. —— How often do you have Chinese?——Every day.81. —— How month is it?——It’s March.82. —— When were you born?——I was born in 1996. April 4th.83. ——When are you off?——At 5:00.——How do you go back/ home?——By motorbike/by car/by bus.——How long (is the ride)?——It will take about 20 minutes.——How far is it?——It’s about 10 kilometers from here.84. —— How often do you go to KFC?——Once a month/week.85. ——If you join a friend’s birthday, what can you say to your friend?——Happy birthday.86. —— Are you English?——No, I’m Chinese.87. —— Do you speak English?——Yes, just a little.88. —— Are you a native speaker of English?——No, My native language is Chinese.89. —— How do you spell your name?——N-A-N-C-Y, Nancy.90. ——What’s your family’s name?——My family’s name is Cheng.91. —— What do you do?——I’m a pupil.92. ——What will you do this weekend?——I will play football.93. —— What do you do in your spare time?——I read books.94. ——If you don’t feel well, what would you do?——I would see my doctor.95. —— If you want to borrow a pencil from your friend, what can you say?——Would you lend me your pencil?96. ——What toy is you like best?/would you introduce your favourite toy?——(my favorite is ) a toy car.——Why?——It’s very interesting.97. —— Which sport do you like best? Why?——Football. It’s very interesting.98. ——What’s 30 and 48? What’s 30 plus 48?——78.99. ——What’s 100 minus 10?—— 90.100. ——Who’s your favorite basketball star? Why?—— Yao Ming. Because he plays basketball very well.。