Part One TEM-4 写作考试作文概述二．历年作文真题题目TEM-4 写作的题型A．比较选择类作文B．意义，重要性，危害性说明文作文C．观点论证类作文D．提出建议，解决问题类作文E. 现象解释类2. 十七年来便条写作的命题方式从以上列表分析，我们看出TEM-4 便条写作有如下命题特点：1）TEM-4便条写作的题材—围绕学生们日常生活中发生的情况来命题2）TEM-4 写作的体裁—告示，祝贺，道歉，请求，婉拒，安慰，留言，邀请等简单的应用文。
三．评分档次1．命题作文采取的是整体评分法，即按照考生在四个评分方面的表现，把作文归入正确的档位，然后再按整体印象适度微调。
评分档次共有5个(见下表)评分对字数也有要求：累计字数在150-170之间，扣1分；累计字数在130-150之间，扣2分；累计字数在110-130之间，扣3分；累计字数在90-110之间，扣4分；累计字数在90以下，至多给5分。
2．便条评分标准1）格式a.日期（1 分）正确写法：April 24, 2005 或 Apr.24 或24th April正确位置：右上角b.称呼（1 分）正确写法：Dear Mike，正确位置：日期下面一行左侧c.结尾（1 分）正确写法：Yours sincerely, 或 Yours, 或 Sincerely yours,注：1. 凡不符合上述正确格式或表达均要扣分。
错一部分扣0.5分。
错两部分以上扣一分。
没有格式扣一分。
2. 人名XXX或汉字扣0.5分。
2）内容与语言a. 情况描述b．邀请，道歉等的表达c. 首句需用自己的语言表达d. 语言表达较差（包括语法和拼写错误），扣0.5到1.5分；拼写错误超过三个扣1分。
3）字数要求：不到40或超过80扣1分，Part Two TEM-4 写作考试技巧一．培养英语写作思维方式A. 语篇结构由于中英文化的差异，英汉两种写作思维方式也存在着巨大的差异。
英语表达时先说重要，需强调的，然后再解释说明或补上附加条件。
所以往往是先提出要求后解释，先说结果后叙述原因或先下结论再说明。
如：Solitude produces an exhilaration of consciousness, the consciousness of our innermost being, whatever may be. (斜体部分解释说明consciousness)。
与此相反，讲究名正严顺的中国人写文章时则一般先说明原因后叙述结果，先做说明再做结论。
如我们喜用“虽然…但是”，“因为…所以”，“不但…而且”等句式，都是重点在后。
1．常见的英语思维模式（1）概括–具体型（general-specific pattern）a. 概括-列举式（generalization – example）It is interesting to note that iconic models only represent certain features of that portion of the real world which they simulate. For example, a map will only contain those features which are of interest to the person using the map.Similarly, archite ct’s models will be limited to conclude only those features which are of interest to the person considering employing the architect.b. 整体-细节式（preview –detail）It is no surprise that London is the most expensive city to stay in Britain;we have all heard the horror stories. According to international hotel consultants Harwath’s record report, there are five London hotels charging over 90 a night for a single room. But even if your hotel choice is a little modest, you will be working out nearly twice as much for a night’s stay in London as elsewhere in Britain. Average room rates last year worked out at around 19 in the province compared to 35 in London.(2) 对照-匹配型（matching pattern）a. subject to subjectb. point to point(3) 问题-解决型（problem-solution pattern）常见作文有：How to Complain, How to Prepare for Final Examinations， How to Solve the Problem of ..2. 常见的汉语思维方式螺旋型，即中国人的思维方式是理性与感性联系在一起的，模糊的，属于综合型形象思维。
根据论点在文章中的不同位置，中文语篇思维模式大体上可以归纳为以下几种：a. 文首型。
论文在文首提出，可以使读者马上了解作者的看法和观点，抓住全文的要领。
b. 文中型。
论点在文章中部出现，一般先从某个问题，现象下笔，经过论证得出结论，即论点。
随后再补充说明。
c. 文尾型。
论点在文章的结尾处才明确地写出，可以使读者感到经过一系列的论述和证明，结论的出现是水到渠成的事。
d. 隐含型。
这种思维模式的语篇根本就没有明确提出观点。
这得靠理解上下文的意思甚至言外之意，读者自己概括，推断出原作者的观点。
下面是一篇中文式的英语写作：Should Students Do Business or NotIn recent years, doing business is very popular on the campus. More and more college students spend more and more time doing business. This phenomenon causesa lot of hot argument. Is it right or not? In my opinion, we can’t say it is rightor not directly because the reason is complex.On the one hand, many students do business in order to reduce the burden of their family because their family has not enough money to support them. So their doing business is reasonable. We can’t say it is not right. As to those students whose families are not very poor, some of them doing business just want to practice in the society and gain some experience. Earning money is not their main purpose.We can’t say it is not right either.But on the other hand, doing business is wrong. Students should not do that because their task is learning knowledge. Doing business must take some time, and time is very precious in the college. So doing business is wasting time. The more business students do, the less knowledge they learn. Which is more important? of course, the knowledge. Some students will ignore their study with the more and more they earn. They will be controlled by the money; their souls will be twisted by the money.In a word, whether students do business or not is decided by the purpose they hold. They have different reasons, so we should look at the question more objectively.再比较一下著名作家丁玲在《青年恋爱问题》中的节选：恋爱妨不妨碍学习？有些人不敢谈恋爱，怕妨碍了学习。
我对这个问题的看法是即妨碍又不妨碍。
既要谈恋爱就一定要谈。
找你的对象去见见面谈谈话，必然要占去一部分时间……学习时间因此减少一些……说恋爱完完全全一点也不妨碍学习是假，但我所说的恋爱不妨碍学习时怎样解释呢？事情处理得好，可以减少妨碍，而且还可以利用其他的方法补救。
如果一个人把恋爱处理得很好，很顺利……所以主要的还不是妨碍不妨碍的问题，而是看自己如何处理的问题……学生习作的展发思维模式及语气与丁玲的文章在以下几个方面完全相同：（1）着手问题的方式相同。
（2）讨论的问题方式相同。
（3）论点提出的位置相同。
一位美国教授对这篇习作的评价是：（1）文章回避作文所提出的问题：“should or should not?”没有直接表明这两种观点所采取的立场和态度。
这种思维方式不符合英文思维方式。
（2）从结构上来看，该习作没有将主题句置于引言段，违背了写作展发原则，不符合英语语篇思维模式（general - specific）,相反却是中文语篇思维模式。