NOTE： 从后往前寻找并列成分。例：The ship is able tomatinsstandingpositionand dill。看到and之后看到dill，做一向前找动词，即为matin，所以是dill与matian对应
并列连词表示并列的终结。例：A and B, C and D.是AB与C、D并列(AB形成整体，与C、D并列，and表示并列的终结)。若要AB,CD相并列，应为A and B coupled with C and D.
3.should have done, could have done,表达本该做什么而没有做什么
※条件从句中，if可被省略，长助动词had、were可被提前到句首以加强语气
e.g. If there were noreform and opening-up policy(改革开放政策)，we would never taste KFC or McDonald’s .
More than对肯定的强调
e.g. The internet is more than a form ofprovidingvivid up-to date andconcreteinformation, but aninstructivemode of entertainment as well/
结构：原因+（）+结果
E.g. His hard work () his success.
2.来自于，源自于：derive/ lone/ result/coregent/initiate/stem/ spring/ emanate from
Beattributableto, beresponsiveto, grow out of
并列连词有时候可被省略。
虚拟语气
分类：
1.含有虚拟语气条件句
现在
未来
过去
条件从句
Did \were
Did \were\were to\ should
Had done
主句
Would、should、could do
Would、should、could do
Would、could、might had done
2.任何的从句即重要性、必要性、命令、建议等含义的词汇所接的词汇，都应该用虚拟语气进行。格式为：should+动词原形
e.g. It’s imperative that lows and regulations (should) be introduced and forced to track this problem.
倒装句
动词相对位置发生改变
分类：部分倒装与完全倒装
1）部分倒装：
1．定义：系动词，情态动词，助动词置于主语前
2．处理：还原情态动词、系动词，删除助动词，因为助动词多是为了满足倒装而加入的，只有比较句中不删除
E.g. Not only do I love this book.还原为：I love not only this book.(删除了助动词do)
原文分为：passage ,paragraph ,sentence ,word四个部分
题干：在阅读中充当路标的作用
选项分为：正确选项与错误选项。其中，错误选项又可分为干扰选项与SB选项
杯弓蛇影——偷梁换柱、移花接木、以偏概全——消减方法：
将选项中的概念及其最大的概念组合，与原文一一对应。
解释：分析选项的主谓宾，或找选项中的动作，找出发出动作的主体与作用的对象。然后回到原文中一一对应，千万不要关注文章中与选项中出现的一两个一样的单词，避免出现连连看的错误。不要过多注意sentence，而要注意thesensethat the sentence make。
Rely on, depend on, resort of, count on
结构：()+原因+结果/结果+（）+原因
5.条件关系词：if ,when ,while ,once ,as ,as soon as ,as long as
结构：()+原因+结果/结果+（）+原因
6.分词短语、不定式、独立主格作状语，定语从句表示原因.具体应用方法视语句环境而定。
e.g.：It is clear that he is smart.形式主语。不可以换回去
It is clearly that he is smart.强调句。可以恢复
Far from being= not，用于否定强调
e.g. Theinternetisfar from being an instructive mode of entertainment.
可拆分为：Theyboth falling into river off the bridge.
※处理定语从句时，多用拆分的方法，拆分时在介词或关联词处
主干隔离：
※主干：主+谓、主+谓+宾、主+谓+宾+宾、主+谓+宾+宾补、主+系+表
主干隔离：主语和谓语之间以及谓语与宾语之间加入东西，所形成的语法现象
Basic to A is B.B是A的基础
4．作用： 强调， 平衡句子结构
非谓语动词
做定语：修饰名词，代替定语从句
做状语：连接两个具有共同主语的句子（表原因、结果等）
e.g. The A and the B are fighting on the bridge. They both fall into river of the bridge.
Sentence考点：
七种句子结构：主干隔离、并列句、定语从句、非谓语动词和独立主格、强调和倒装、虚拟语气、同位语和插入语
定语从句
作用：
1.修饰和限定名词，多由分词和非谓语动词替代。
e.g. The method developed for the oil and gas industry.
2.连接两个具有共同名词的句子
The Aand the B are fighting on the bridge, both falling into river of the bridge.
2.remove与extranet在某些语境中介可表示“提取”
3.mobiel phone与terminal在某些语境中介可表示“终端机”
2．词性活用
e.g. 1.A profit. A赚钱了。此处profit名词做动词用，译作“赚钱”
2.prower，名词作动词用，表示“给……充电”，如：ApowersB. A给B充电。
虚拟语气写作经典句型
Itis imperative that the essence (should) be absorbed and the drawback (should) beneglectedwith a proper appreciation of historical andculturalperspectives. Duringthisprocess, especially in the time of knowledge explosion, when facts news, opinions, evenrumorsare bombarding us from every corner of the world.
e.g. I have three books of which the red is e.g. The A and the B is fighting on the bridgeof which they both falling into the river.
were there no……
Were there noProject Hope(希望工程) (sth.), never (never被提前了) wouldthosechildren(sb.)taste (do)preciousknowledge(sth.).——对正面话题起强调作用
Were there no culturediversity;neverwouldwe taste the wonder of thewesternculture.——用于作文第二段结尾句，或第三段开头
隐含的词
1.导致：Cause, lead to, result in, give rise to, render, produce, make, let, ask, support, spur, spark,stimulate, fuel, push, motivate, prompt, be responsible for,in spore
阅读做题方法：
1．阅读题干，合理推测文章大意
2．重点阅读第一题，回原文重点阅读首段，定位第一题
3．依次定位各题目，根据不同类型进入各题型解题方式
文章体裁与题材
体裁：议论，说明，记叙
题材：商业经济，文化教育，社会伦理，科学普及
Word考点：
1．一词多意——词汇同义替换
e.g. te与fallen在某些语境中介可表示“已故的”
e.g.Working with Sky, I can solve a lot of problem.
做题时先确定因果的存在，再分析哪个是因，那个是果
表示否定的方法
1.表示否定的手段：no, not, none, never, nor, neither, deny, nobody, nothing,
结构：结果+（）+原因
3.反映，体现：reflect, present, demonstrate, shoe, suggest, illustrate
结构：结果+（）+原因
4.依靠于，考虑到：given, on account of, in view of, thanks to, in light of, in terms of