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高考英语复习专题五、阅读7选5解题技巧剖析(附强化训练及解析)

备战2020高考英语复习专题五、阅读7选5 解题技巧剖析命题方向点播:七选五是一类完成性阅读,在题型上和完形填空很类似,不同之处在于一完形填空是选词,而七选五是选句子。

七选五不仅考察同学们的阅读理解能力,更是考察了对文章结构的完整性的把握,在历年高考中都占了10分,是一个不可忽视的题目。

一、七选五解题方法:解题时,同学们要在理解文章整体的情况下,充分考虑语境和空格前后的句子,注意句子之间的逻辑联系,尤其要学会把握信息词(选项中出现的与文章中相同或相近的词),站在作者的写作立场,快速准确的选出最符合文章原意的答案。

具体可以分为以下步骤:1.快速浏览选项,并勾画出选项中的关键词汇,比如:指示代词、连接词和转折词等。

2.回到短文,细读首段和空格前后的句子,分析句子,并联系上下文,了解文章大意,为以后的理解做铺垫。

3.当我们了解文章大意后,要明确每一个空是填一个整个句子还是半个句子,这一点十分重要,它能够帮助我们迅速确定某些空的选项范围。

比如,有一个空的结尾处没有标点符号,后文紧跟着一个句子的后半部分,很显然这时我们需要填的是半个句子,这时便可以在七个选项中找到的是半个句子的选项,从而缩小选择范围。

4.明确关联关系,任何句子都是要么和上文有联系,要么和下文有联系,要么和上下文都有联系。

5.带入通读,复查。

做完题目切忌直接离开,七选五的特点在于,错一道,往往还会错另外的一道或几道,所以,当你发现自己有一处填的有问题时,一定要同时检查其他空。

二、题型分类解析。

七选五题型可以大致分为以下三类:1、指代关系类;2、逻辑关系类;3、整体结构类。

三、代词类解题技巧。

英语表达中的代词出现的频率极高,代词的作用是指代前面提及的名词或形容词等,常见的如:人称代词指代、同义词指代、近义词指代等。

巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。

➢例题赏析:例1:(2019年高考全国卷1)Recently,people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing(治愈). _____38_____to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that just looking at green,growing things can reduce stress,lower blood pressure,and put people into a better mood(情绪).Greenery is good for us.F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate air with health care.G解析:38. 选G 根据下一句中提到的可以推知,该空应该提到表示地点的复数名词。

选项中只有G选项提到该类名词,故选项G:在全国,康复中心已经开始建造“康复花园”。

these places就是指Healing Gardens。

➢例题赏析:例2:It is important, therefore, that we should know what people using our stores want of us.__________ During the past two years, we have been working hard to improve the解析:正确选项句子为:The research made by the company shows that, above all else,空格后的句末in both these areas中both这个不定代词提示考生空格中一定出现两个并列的名词概念,即fashion and value。

➢例题赏析:例3:(2019there is a common spirit among all music groups, they make very different music. 31解析:31. 选C。

指代题。

C. Rock music developed in the 1950s and the early 1960s. 第一段讲述摇滚音乐,根据空后的at that time可知前句提到了时间,而且与rock music 有关,选项中只有C 项讲的是摇滚音乐,并且讲述了其发展的时间,故选C。

四、逻辑关系类解题技巧。

七选五的前后句之间一定含有含有相互解释的逻辑关系,有时候这样的逻辑关系是很隐蔽的。

但是如果我们仔细去勾画关键词,即可发现,空格前后的句子之间实际上存在对应。

常见的比如:前文暗示、后文暗示、常识推断等。

抓住这个相互对应的逻辑关系,我们可以很快找到蛛丝马迹进行解题。

➢例题赏析:例4:(2019年高考全国卷1be if you’re away from the smog of cities-then the air is filled with life-giving,energizingoxygen. If you exercise out of doors allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles(肌肉)and your brain.解析:37.选A。

下文暗示题。

A .Fresh air cleans our lungs。

根据下一句中提到的“Ifthe air you’re breathing is clean…the air is filled with life-givi ng, energizing oxygen”可知,新鲜空气充满赋予人生命的,充满活力的氧气。

下文中“…breathe more deeply, allowing more oxygen to get to your muscles and your brain”是对前文的递进:在户外,更多的氧气进入你的肌肉和大脑。

根据前面的分析可以推知,该空应该提到新鲜空气的基本作用,根据常识,我们知道吸入的空气首先进入的是肺部,然后才会使我们的肌肉和大脑受益,故该空应选A选项:新鲜空气清洁我们的肺部。

➢例题赏析:例5:(2019年高考北京卷)Another possibility is that when there is a lot of talent on ateam拔河比赛),whenever a person is added,everyone else pulls the rope with less force.50 .An A-team解析:50.选F。

后文暗示题。

F. Building up a dream team is more complex than simply hiring the best talent.下文说“一支一流球队可能需要一种平衡——不仅仅是最好球员,也需要一些优雅量的普通球员。

”该空就与后文的句子存在对应的关系,F选项“建立一支最佳阵容球队比简单地雇佣最优秀的人才要复杂得多。

”切题,故选F。

五、整体结构类解题技巧。

七选五短文通常会考察短文结构的合理性,比如:承上启下、引出下文、首尾呼应等。

通过读懂文章上下文的结构关系,也可以帮助我们迅速得出答案。

➢例题赏析:例6:(2019年高考全国卷2)of same coin. ___36___Like the child onthe diving board, you will stay undecided.解析:36.选G。

承上启下题。

G. Without motivation you can neither set a goal nor reach it。

上文说“动机和目标设定是同一枚硬币的两面”。

下文说“就像孩子在跳水台,难以决定”。

该空承上启下,G选项“没有目标,你就既不能设定目标,也无法实现它”切题,故选G。

➢例题赏析:例7:(2019年高考全国卷3)Do'squestions about the course design, read the syllabus(教学大纲)and learning management system information to be sure the answer isn't hiding in plain sight.解析:37.选G 。

收尾呼应题。

G. Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.根据其后一句Questions about subject content are generally welcomed.(与课程内容相关的问题是受欢迎的),解释了什么样的问题是好问题,可知,与G项“make sure they are good, thoug htful questions”相呼应,要提一些好的令人深思的问题,故选G。

综合例题分析➢例题赏析:例题8、Both men and women are living longer these days in industrialized countries. 36 In general, they can expect to live six or seven years more than men. One reason for this is biological.One important biological factor that helps women live longer is the difference in hormones between men and women. 37 Between the ages of about 12 and 50, women produce hormones that are involved in fertility(生育能力). These hormones also have a positive effect on the heart and blood flow. In fact, women are less likely to have high blood pressure or to die from heart attacks.38 They help the body defend itself against some kinds of infections. This means that women generally ger sick less often and less seriously than men. The common cold is a good example: women, on average, get fewer colds than men.39 Scientists are still not exactly sure how influence aging, but they believe that they do. Some think that a woman’s body cells have a tendency(向) to age more slowly than a man’s. Others think that a man’s body cells have a tendency to age morequickly. 40A.However, women, on average, live longer.B .The biological factor plays an important part.C. Women are also helped by their female genes.D. The female hormones also protect the body in another way.E. Recent research seems to support both of these possibilities.F. Therefore, women are more healthy than men and can live a better life.G. Hormones are chemicals which are produced by the body to control carious body functions.试题分析:文章是一篇科技报道,讲述了女人比男人长寿的原因,现代社会人们普遍比过去长寿了,但女人更长寿,其中一个重要的原因是生物因素:女人和男人的生物荷尔蒙不同,女性因为生育的原因,分泌的荷尔蒙对心脏和血液都有良性的影响,让女人更少受高血压和心脏病的困扰,同时,女性荷尔蒙还可以对抗感染,就连普通的感冒,女人也比男人更有抵抗力,科学家们现在还没弄清楚基因是如何影响人肌体的老化,但可以肯定的是女性的身体细胞老化的速度比男人慢。

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