eg. He said, “I came to help you.” 他说：“我曾到这里来帮过你的。”
→ He said that he had come to help me. 他说他曾经来帮过我。
She said to me, “I saw the film.” 她对我说：“我看过这个影片.”
→She told me that she had seen the film. 她告诉我她看过这个影片。
过去完成时不变
eg. He said, “I had finished my homework before supper.”
他说：“晚饭前我就把作业完成了。” →He said that he had finished his homework before supper. 他说他晚饭前就已经把作业完成了。.
他说：“我很忙”。 忙。
He said, “I can’t do it myself.” couldn’t do it himself.
他说：“我自己不能做”。 己不能做。
间接引语 He said that he
他说ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้很
He said that he 他说他自
直接引语如果是客观真理，一般现在时则不变
用自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语，间接引 语不必用引号，而用宾语从句来表达。
Eg. Mr Black said that he liked playing football. (间接引语）
She said that she was an English teacher. （宾语从句是间接引语）
第一类：直接引语是陈述句 直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引
一般将来时变过去将来时： eg. She said, “I’ll do it after class.”
她说：“我将在课后来做。” → She said that she would do it after class.
她说她将在课后做。 He said, “I will help her.” →He said he would help her.
2. 时态的变化： 主句中的谓语动词如果是过去时态，直接引语中的谓语动词的时态 须有下列变化：
一般现在时→ 一般过去时 现在进行时→ 过去进行时 现在完成时→ 过去完成时 一般过去时→ 过去完成时 过去完成时不变 一般将来时→ 过去将来时
一般现在时变一般过去时：
直接引语 eg. He said, “I am busy.” was busy.
Unit 5
卫忠连
Grammar Focus
Direct Speech and Indirect Speech
一字不改的将别人的话加以引用或复述出 来，叫直接引语，直接引语须放在括号内。
eg. Mr Black said, “I like playing football”.（直接引语）
She said, “I am an English teacher”. （括号内是直接引语）
→He said that he was reading the book. 他说他正在读 那本书。
She said, “We’re having a meeting.” 她说：“我们正在 开会。” →She said they were having a meeting. 她说她们正在开 会。
现在完成时变过去完成时：
3. 指示代词、时间状语、地点状语的 变化
▪ 1.this→ that
2. these→ those
▪ 3.now → then 4. today → that day
▪ 5.yesterday → the day before
▪ 6.tomorrow → the next (following) day
▪ → three days (weeks, months, years, hours, …) before
▪ st week (month, year)
▪ → the week (month, year) before
▪ 1.She said, “I will come this morning.” → She said that she would go that morning. ▪ 2.He said, “These books are mine.” ▪ → He said that those books were his. ▪ 3.He said, “It is nine o’clock now.” ▪ → He said that it was nine o’clock then.
▪ eg. He said, “Light travels much faster than sound.”
▪ →He said that light travels much faster than sound.
现在进行时变过去进行时：
eg. He said, “I’m reading the book.” 他说：“我正在读 这本书。”
eg. She said, “I have not heard from him since May.
她说：“从五月份起就没有接到他的任何休 息。”
→She said that she had not heard from him since May.
她说自五月份起就没有接到过他的任何休息。
一般过去时变过去完成时：
语时，须由连词that 来引导（that 也可省 略），that 从句之前用say, tell等动词。 但要注意下列各种变化。
1. 人称的变化：
eg. He said, “I want to see you.” →He said that he wanted to see me. He said to me, “I’ve left my book in your room.” →He told me that he had left his book in my room.
▪ 7.here → there e → go
▪ 9.This week (month, year) → that week (month, year)
▪ 10.next week (month, year)
▪ → the next week (month, year )
11.three days (weeks, months, years, hours, …) ago