12月英语四级长篇阅读匹配试题2016年12月英语四级长篇阅读匹配试题BeingObjectiveonClimateChangestweek，CraigRucker,aclimate-changeskepticandtheexecutivedirectorofanonprofitorganizatio ncalledtheCommitteeforaConstructiveTomorrow(CFACT)，tweetedaquotationsupposedlytakenfroma1922editionoftheWashin gtonPost：“Withinafewyearsitispredictedduetoicemeltthese awillrise&ma kemostcoastalcitiesuninhabitable.”Theintent，ofcourse，wastopokefunatcurrentheadlinesaboutclimatechange.B.Rucker’sorganizationisamemberoftheCoolerHeadsCoalitio n，anumbrellaorganizationoperatedbytheCompetitiveEnterpriseIns titute，anonprofitthatpridesitselfonitsoppositiontoenvironmentalist s.Ruckerhimselfispartofanetworkofbloggers，op-cdwriters，andpolicy-shopexecutiveswhoarguethatclimatechangeiseitherahoaxorallex ampleofleft-winghysteria.Surfacingoldnewspaperclipsisoneoftheirfavorite games.Theyalsomakesubstantiveargumentsaboutclimatepolicy,bu tthesnipingmaybemoreeffective.Thereisnostrongerrhetoricalto olthanridicule.C.Inthiscase，Ruckcr’sridiculeseemsmisplaced.Afterspendingafewminutespok ingaroundonline，1wasabletofindboththeWashingtonPostarticleandthelongerSourC ematerialthatitcamefrom—aweatherreportissuedbytheU.S.consulinBergen，Norway,andsenttotheStateDepartmentonoctober10，1922.Thereportdidn’tsayanythingaboutcoastsbeinginundated.T hisisn’tsurprising.Scientistswetesmartbackthen，too,andtheyknewthatmeltingseaicew ouldn’tappreciablyraisese alevels.anymorethanameltingicecuberaisesthelevelofwaterinag lass.D.Ruckerultimatelycorrectedhistweetoncecommenterspointed outthemisquote.ThroughTwitter,heinformedmethathehadtakenthe linefromaWashingtonTimesop—edbyRichardRahn，aseniorf ellowattheCatoInstitute.WhenIcontactedRahn’soffice .apressrepresentativeacknowledgedthatRahnhadcopiedthequotef romotherbloggersandcolumnists;thefabricatedsentenceappearsi narticlesatreason.cornandtexasgopvote.corn.Thefabricatedlin eseemstohavebeeninsertedaround2011.buttheoriginalarticlehas beencirculatingonlinesince2007.E.Thestatementaboutrisingsealevelsaside，1922reallywasastrangeperiodintheSvalbardarchipelago.thearea describedbytheweatherreport.TheislandsliehalfwaybetweenNorw ayandtheNorthPole,atalatitudethatputsthemseveralhundredmile sfarthernorththanBarrow,alaska.“TheArcticseemstobewarmingu p.”thereportread.InAugustofthatyear,ageologistneartheislan dofSpitsbergensailedasfarnorthaseighty-onedegrees.twenty.nineminutesinice-freewater.Thiswashighlyunusual.Thepreviousseveralsummershad likewisebeenwarrn.Sealpopulationshadmovedfarthernorth，andformerlyunseenstretchesofcoastwerenowaccessible.F.Whatarewetotakefromthishistoricalevidence?Acentraltene tforRuckerandhiscolleaguesismattoday’ssea.iceretreat。

warmingsurfacetemperatures，andsimilarobservationsareshort-livedanomaliesofakindthatoftenhappenedinthepast—andthatoverzealousscientistsandgulliblemediaarequicktodrumu pcriseswherenoneexist.Favoriteexamplesincludenumerousnewspa perarticlesfromthenineteen.seventiesthatpredictedtheadvento fanewiceage.Infact.it'spossibletofindarticlesfromnearlyever ydecadeofthepastcenturythatseemtoimplyinformationaboutthecl imatethatturnedouttobeprematureorwrong.G.The1922articlehasbeenquotedrepeatedlybyRucker’scomrad es-in-armssinceits2007rebirthintheWashingtonTimes.Fornearlythatlo ng，scientistshavebeenobjecting.GavinSchmidt，aclimatemodelerandthedeputydirectoroftheNASAGoddardInstitut eforSpaceStudies，pointsoutthatwhatwasananomalyin1922isnowthenorm：thewatersnearSpitsbergenareclearoficeattheendofeverysummer. Moreimportant，long-termtemperatureandsea-icerecordsindicatethatthedramaticsea-iceretreatintheearlynineteen.twentieswasshort-lived.Italsooccurredlocallyaroundsvalbard—theunusualconditionsdidn’tevenencompassthewholeNorwegianSe a，letalonetherestoftheArctic.H.0vertheweekend，afterretractinghisprevioustweet，Ruckerpostedalinktoablogitemaboutadifferentarticle.thisonea 1932NewYorkTimesstory.Theeighty-year-oldheadlinereads，“TheNextGreatDelugeForecastByScience：MeltingPolarIceCapstoRaisetheLeveloftheSeasandFloodtheConti nents.”Thatonesoundedjuicy,and，indeed，thistimethetextwascorrect：thatreallyiswhattheheadlinesaid.Ironically,thelcadresearche rcitedinthepiecewasaGermanscientistnamedAlfredWegener,whoha ssometimesbeenconsideredaheroofclimate-changedeniersforacompletelydifferentreason.WegenerisknownforproposingthephenomenonofcontinentaldriftstartingaroundtheF irstWbridWar,Theideawasridiculedbeforegainingacceptanceinth enineteen-sixties，onceampleevidencehadbeenamassed.Wegener’slifcstory,then，isusedtosupporttheideathatthesmallnumberofresearchersinthef ieldwhodownplaytheriskofanthropogenicclimatechangewilloneda yprevail.I.Inreality,thepotentialforanthropogenicglobalwarmingwas beingdiscussedearlierthancontinentaldrift.andtookevenlonger togainwideacceptance.TheversatileProfessorWegenerwasageophy sicistandpolarresearcherwhospentmuchofhiscareerstudyingmete orologyinGreenland，andtryingtounlockthesecretsoftheEarth’spast.Hiselevatedpla ceinthecurrentclimate-changedebateisabstractedfromhistory.J.Inanycase，it’snotclearthatthebloggerslinkingtothe1932art iclereadmuch beyondtheheadline.Thcarticledoesdiscussacollapseoftheiceshe etsthatwouldraisesealevelsbymorethanahundredfeet—butitsaysthateventliesthirtytofortythousandyearsinthefuture .There’snothingwrongwithexaminingoldnewspaperarticlesforcl uesaboutclimateconditionsinthepast.Legitimateclimateresearc herslookathistoricaldocumentsofallkinds.However,agood-faithefforttoarriveatthetruthwouldnotrelyoncherry-pickingcatchyheadlines.Itwouldrequireconsideringthecontexta ndlookingatalltheevidence.Attheveryleast.itwouldn’tal lowfo rdeliberatedistortions.Apredictionthattheicecapsmightmeltby theyear42，000ishardlyallexampleofclimatealarmism.46.Unlikemeltingiceintheglass，themeltingseaicecannoteasilyraisesealevel.47.Ruckermaintainsthattheclimate.changeisjustaterriblefa ntasyoftheleft-wingorevenatotallydistrustfulmatter.48.Itisfairtosearchforeverypieceofevidencetoapproachthet ruthwithoutdistortion.49.AsforRucker,theclearpurposeoftweetingthisquotationist olaughatthearticlesaboutclimatechange.50.Thevariousunusualphenomenaaboutclimatechangearemerely non-existalarmsclaimedbythescientistsandmedia，wouldbeshort-lived.51.Thedrasticsea-icemeltoccurredaroundSvalbardwasonlylocalandlimited.52.Itisnormalforthewatersatnorthernlatitude81degrees，29minutestobecoveredwithice.53.Itisembracedthatthenumberofclimate-changeresearcherswillbemultipliedoneday.54.Itisironicfortheleadingfigureofclimate-changeopponentstoquotethispiece.55.Inreality,theuniversalinformationinarticlesaboutclima techangeiseventuallyprovedtobeunbelievable.46.Unlikemeltingiceintheglass，themeltingseaicecannoteasilyraisesealevel.与杯中的融冰不同，海中的融冰不会使海面快速升高。