必修 4 Unitl Women of achievement 知识点讲解1. achieveachieve v.意为完成；达到”指经过长期努力而达到某目标、地位或标准等。
其名词形式为achieveme nt，意为成就；功绩” a sense of achieveme nt 可指成就感"我口：He had fin ally achieved success.Even a small success gives you a sense of achieveme nt.2. con diti oncondition意为环境；境况；条件"时，是可数名词，常用复数形式conditions ;意为状态；状况”寸，是不可数名词，be in good condition 表示处于良好的状态” be out of condition表示健康状况不佳”。
女口：We should pay more atte nti on to the poor livi ng un der the bad con diti ons.The astr on auts soon got used to the con diti on of weightless ness.My car is old but in good con diti on. He is overweight and out of con diti on.condition意为条件"时，常用短语on condition that，表示如果；在.......... 条件下”；在美国英语中，也经常用under the con dition that 。
如：I will come on con diti on that Peter is in vited.They agreed un der the con diti on that the matter be dealt with quickly.3. devotedevote vt.意为投入于；献身”其宾语后常与介词to搭配，to后接名词、代词或动名词。
devote…to ••意为献身；致力于”指把自己、时间、精力等奉献给某种工作或事业。
女口:He has devoted his whole life to ben efiti ng mankind.The girl, to whom he was devoted, died in a traffic accide nt by cha nee.After he has retired, he will devote himself to garde ning.4. behavebehave vi & vt. 意为举动；举止；行为表现”，女口behave well / badly 等。
其名词形式为behaviour，指行为；态度；举止”。
女口：The pare nts en couraged the childre n to behave well in front of the guests.My camera has bee n behavi ng well since it was repaired.Everyone praises the childre n's good behaviour.5. worthwhileworthwhile adj.意为值得做的；值得出力的”可作表语或定语。
be worthwhile to do / doing sth表示值得做............ ”，在动词-ing形式的结构中，worthwhile有时可以用来替代worth，特别是在表示值得花时间"这一概念时。
如：I thi nk teach ing school is always a worthwhile job.The book referred to by the professor is worthwhile / worth readi ng区别worthwhile 与worth , worthy 的用法：worthwhile意为值得”指花时间、精力、金钱等去做某事是值得的。
如：It is worthwhile to read the book.=It is worthwhile readi ng the book.=Readi ng the book is worthwhile.这本书值得一读。
但不可以说The book is worthwhile reading.worth 表示 价值……”时，后接价值数量词；当表示值得”时，后接名词、代词或动名词（不能接不定式），常用well 修饰，不用very 。
This laptop is worth 10 000 yua n and it is well worth buying.很值得买。
worthy 表示有价值的；可尊敬的”寸，常作定语；表示 值得"时，常作表语，结构为 worthy of sth.。
It is a worthy cause and worthy of our hardworki ng. 这是一份高尚的事业，值得我们努力。
worthy 后面还可接动名词或不定式， 结构分别是 worthy of being done 和worthy to be done 。
The in cide nt is worthy of being remembered.=The in cide nt is worthy to be remembered.这次事件值得纪念。
6. dress as 穿 .... 的服装，使穿得像Mom in sists that we dress up as mon sters. 妈妈坚持要我们打扮成怪物。
7. drove the attackers away; drove out any thought of failure.赶走袭击者； 打消失败的念 头He drove the children to school. 他开车送孩子去上学In decisi on drives me crazy. 犹豫要把我逼疯了8. be put to In these cases, the pers on is put todeath. The pris oner was put to death atdaw n.9. be concerned with/about sth He concerned herself with public work在这些案件中，罪犯被剥夺生存权利。
那囚犯在黎明时被处决. 他关心公众事务We're rather concerned about father's health. This concerns the healthy growth of the childre n deeply.这事对孩子们的健康成长关系极 大。
10. observe vt. 意为 观察；观测；遵守 ”可用 observe sb do sth , observe + that 从句。
其名词形式为observation °observe+宾语+宾语补足语（不带to 的不定式/动词的-ing 形式）， 被动语态要用带to 的不定式。
当表示 看"时，observe , watch , see , notice 的区另U ：observe 相当于watch carefully ，指从不同的角度长时间地看并研究， 尤其用于实验或研究 等场合，如 observe the stars （观察星星），observe the behavior of birds （观察鸟类的习 性）等；watch 意为 看；观看，特别留意、感兴趣地看运动着的东西”如watch TV （看电视）， watch a game （观看比赛）等；see 指看到；看见”；强调看的结果，有意或无意地看到； notice 指看到；注意到；觉察到 ”偶尔看到细小的但可能是重要的。
女口： I observed the man who murdered the boy enter the shopThey were observed to en ter the bank/en teri ng the bank.他们被注意着进了银行。
He observed that we should probably have rain.Most in formatio n was collected by direct observati on of the an imals' behaviour. 11 have connection wi th 与 ..... 有关系” in connec tion with 与“•…有关； 关于 ”His ill ness must have had some conn ection with his diet. 他的病想必与他的饮食有关。
The teachers ofte n deal with problems in connection with educati on.老师经常处理和教 育有关的问题。
Do you believe that there's a conn ecti on betwee n smok ing and heartdisease?你相信吸烟与心脏病有关系吗？12. rather tha n 与其说 ... 不如说 ...这台笔记本电脑值 10 000元,我们相当担心父亲的健康。
He is an explorer rather than a sailor. 与其说他是一个海员，不如说他是一个探险者。
The sweater she bought was beautiful rather tha n cheap.13. argueargue作动词时，意为争论；争吵；争辩”。
argue for意为为..... 辩护”；argue with sb about/ over sth指就某事和某人争论”；argue against意为据理反对；争辩........ ”。
女口It is no use arguing for the pla n because it has bee n rejected.We are always arguing with each other about mon ey.Father argued fiercely aga inst any in crease in expe nditure for the childre n ' s annual party. argue的名词形式为argument，意为争论；争端；论证”，常构成短语settle an argument 指解决争端”。