修辞与翻译PPT课件
的。
• B:明喻又称 “显比”,“直喻”,“明比”,是 一种十分明显的比喻。明喻是本体 ,喻体 ,比喻词 都要出现的比喻 。本体与喻体之间在形式上具有非 常明显的相似 (或相类) 关系。 它的形式就是 :
A 象 B。
• Similes in the Chinese language can usually be rendered by words like “象 ,好象,似 ,好似 ,如 ,如同 , 仿佛 ,犹如, 宛如 ,象 …一样(似的, 一般)”。
•
如今你看他们又结实又胖,脸上红扑扑的。
• Every bean has its black.
•
人皆有短处。
• The best is the enemy of Don’t trust him. He is an ambulance chaser. • 不要相信他,他是个惟利是图的人。
like a fowl and then went on walloping and kicking
him again till his nose and mouth were a bloody pulp.
• Today you see them bouncing, buxom, red as cherries.
• She had as high an opinion of herself as if she were a goddess, and treated like dirt.
• 接着他们用绳子五花大绑,把节振德捆得象个粽子似 的,又是一阵拳打脚踢。
• They give him a good cuff and kick, trusses him up
都有。
• Advice and correction roll off him like water off a
duck’s back.
•
劝导对他好像水过鸭背似的不起作用。
• Life is like a yo-yo.
•
生活是一个悠悠球,充满一连串的起伏不定。
需要改译
• 爱自己尊如菩萨,待他人秽如粪土。
修辞与翻译
常用英汉修辞手段:simile明喻; metaphor 暗喻; metonymy转喻/借代; synecdoche 提喻;personification拟人; hyperbole夸张; antithesis对偶; pun 双关; irony反语; euphemism委婉; circumlocution 迂回climax渐进; parallelism平行; onomatopoeia 拟声; aposiopesis 跳脱;rhetorical question 设问
• 刘玉翠回到村里,就好比是住进了监牢 里。(康濯《春种秋收》)Having returned to the village,Liu Yucui
felt as if she had got into prison.
• He drove as if possessed by the devil.
他着魔似的驾车狂奔。
• The pen is to a writer what the gun is to a fighter.作家的笔犹如战士的枪。
需要增译
• Every family is said to have at least one skeleton in the cupboard.
•
俗话说,衣柜里面藏骷髅,见不得人的事家家
1 直译法 ——对可译的辞格,尽可能直译
明喻;暗喻;拟人;夸张 讳饰;转喻;省略;折绕 移就;呼告;递升;递降;反语 跳脱; 排比; 设问; 反问; 谲辞
明喻 Simile
• A:明喻就是明显的比喻, 是本体, 喻体和比喻词都 出现的比喻 。明喻用的比喻词是“ 像, 如 ,若, 仿佛 ,似, 俨然” 或为反映程度性质差别而说成 “ 好象, 很象, 真象 ,活象 ,就象, 正如, 犹 如, 恰似” 等。 明喻的公式是 X 象 Y ,是描写性
• 英语里 as ... as ...结构的明喻大多可以 直译 :
• as cold as ice 冰冷 • as hot as fire 火热 • as hard as rock 坚如磐石 • as light as feather 轻如鸿毛
prep.
• But in English, comparative words are of various parts of speech.
• 1.like
prep.
• 2.“as”, “(as)…as”, “as… (,) so …”, “may (might) as well …
as …”, “as if (as though)”
• 这个辞格在汉语和英语修辞里有着共同 的特点,那就是明显地打比方,在本体
和喻体之间都出现显而易见的喻词,如: 汉语里的 “像”、“好像”、 “比如”、
“仿佛”、“好比”、“像……一样”、 “如……一般”等等;英语里的like,as, as if,as though 等等。在翻译时,我 们可利用其共同特点,用译文中相应的 喻词来译原文里本体之间的喻词。
conjunctions and
prepositional phrases
• 3.“seem”, “surpass”, “be likened to”, “remind of”, “compare …to”, “treat …as”, “regard …as” verbs and verb phrases
可以直译
• …her sharp mind, sawing raggedly through illusions like a bread knife through a hunk of frozen fish. 她敏锐的思想慢慢地剔开了 错觉, 就象一把面包刀割开一块厚厚的冻鱼一 样。
• …(He) wanted it all with a horrible intensity, as the faun wants the nymph.他 强烈得可怕地渴望着这一切,象牧神渴望林间 的仙女一样。