一、Vocabulary and structure.1.She ______ great satisfaction ______ stamp collecting.a. desires…tob. decide…fromc. deprives…ofd. derives…from2.Will it be ______ for you to have dinner with me tonight?a. comfortableb. convenientc. easyd. conventional3.Ships are ______ than planes that nowadays people take them mainly for pleasure.a. much more slowerb. too much slowerc. so much slowerd. very much slower4.What’s your ______ after work?.a. creation b. habit c. recreation d. response5.The newcomer finds it hard to ______ the small town.a. adopt himself tob. acceptc. reassured. adjust himself to6.This is the most expensive car I have ______ driven.a. everb. evenc. neverd. often7.I’m uncertain of the ex tent ______ they will help us.a. whichb. in whichc. of whichd. to which8.He ______ gardening as a hobby after work.a. takes afterb. takes upc. takes ford. takes off9.As far as his age ______, he is really clever to behave like that.a. be concernedb. is concernedc. /d. is said10.Why do people ______ around whenever there is an accident?.a. watch b. observe c. queue d. crowd11.______, George’s plan sounds practical.a. Graduallyb. By and byc. By and larged. Practically12.The little boy ______ his mother as they crossed the street.a. clenchedb. clung toc. clung upd. clung with13.Fish ______ the lake.a. abound withb. bound inc. abound ind. abounds in14.People came into the cinema ______ twos and threes.a. inb. byc. withd. at15.He ______ to protect her all his life.a. pledgedb. pleadedc. pleasedd. spoke16.The b oy’s room was in a ______.a. massb. matchc. messd. order17._______, her life is peaceful and successful.a. All at onceb. At allc. Above alld. All in all18.They’re ______ the road to reconstruct a wi der one.a. tearingb. tearing downc. tearing upd. tearing off19.The small town is ______and has doubled its sizes.a. bombingb. boomingc. extendingd. contracting20.After going up for 2 months, the fruit prices have now _______.a. gone offb. leveledc. leveled offd. leveled down21.The outcome of the experiment failed to ______ our expectation.a. stand up tob. make up toc. add up tod. come up to22.The wound in his leg ______ rapidly because of lack of medicine.a. destroysb. healedc. harmedd. deteriorated23.British people, ______, are conservative.a. as a wholeb. whollyc. entirelyd. on the whole24.She ______ her mother’s beauty and her father’s intelligence.a. continuedb. inheritedc. hiredd. bought25.Our success is ______ to his generous help.a. contributedb. tributaryc. resultedd. attributable26.Many problems, pollution ______, are to be discussed at the meeting.a. in practiceb. in personc. in particulard. in point27. He ______ a strong influence over her classmates.a. insertsb. ensuresc. givesd. exerts28.What you have said doesn’t ______a. make a pointb. make the pointc. get the pointd. deep the point29.Her attempt to _______ the secret to the public failed.a. discoverb. disclosec. closed. assert30.People often ______ Egypt with pyramids.a. linkb. joinc. connectd. associate二、Reading Comprehension.Passage OneAccidents are caused; they don’t just happen. The reason may be easy to see: an overloaded tray, a shelf out of reach, a patch of ice on the road. But more often than not there is a chain of events leading up to the misfortune – frustration, tiredness, or just bad temper – that show what the accident really is, a sort of attack on oneself.Road accidents, for example, happen frequently after a family quarrel, and we all know people who are accident-prone, so often at odds with (和…争执) themselves and the world that they seem to cause accidents for themselves and others.By definition, an accident is something you cannot predict to avoid, and the idea which used to be current, that the majority of road accidents are caused by a minority of criminally careless drivers, is not supported by insurance statistics. These show that most accidents involve ordinary motorists in a moment of carelessness or thoughtlessness.It is not always clear, either, what sort of conditions made people more likely to have an accident. For instance, the law requires all factories to take safety precautions and most companies have safety committees to make sure that the regulations are observed, but still, every day in Britain, some fifty thousand men and women are absent from work due to accident. These accidents are largely the result of human error or misjudgment –noise and fatigue (疲劳), boredom or worry are possible factors which contribute to this. Doctors who work in factories have found that those drink too much, usually people who have a high anxiety level, run three times the normal risk of accidents at work.1. According to the author, the accidents are mainly caused by _____.a.external conditionsb.people’s internal conditions influenced by physical or mental factorsc.slippery roadsd. a chain of events2. People used to think that _____.a.car accidents are mainly caused by some drivers who drive so carelessly that they violatethe traffic regulationsb.car accidents are mainly caused by ordinary drivers when they are careless orabsent-minded for a momentc.insurance companies support those who drive carelesslyd.an accident is something we cannot predict to avoid3. The passage suggests that _____.a.safety regulations effectively prevent the accidents at workb.with all the safety precautions, accidents at work cannot be avoidedc.the human error or misjudgment leading to accidents at work are mainly due to workingenvironmentd.both b. and c.4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a factor of accident?a. Moodb. Tirednessc. Carelessnessd. Weather5.What do you think would be the best title for the passage?a.Accidents and Anxiety.b.How Accidents Are Caused.c.Human Factors in Accidents.d.How to Prevent Accidents on Roads and in Factories.Passage TwoMost episodes of absent-mindedness—forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just entered a room—are caused by a simple lack of attention, says Schacter. “You’re supposed to remember something, but you have n’t encoded it deeply.”Encoding, Schacter explains, is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a major impact on recalling it later. Failure to encode properly can create annoying situations. If you put your mobile phone in a pocket, for ex ample, and don’t pay attention to what you did because you’re involved in a conversation, you’ll probably forget that the phone is in the jacket now hanging in your wardrobe. “Your memory itself isn’t failing you,”says Schacter.“Rather, you didn’t give yo ur memory system the information it needed.”Lack of interest can also lead to absent-mindedness. “A man who can recite sports statistics from 30 years ago,”says Zelinski,“may not remember to drop a letter in the mailbox.”Women have slightly better memories than men, possibly because they pay more attention to their environment, and memory relies on just that.Visual cues can help prevent absent-mindedness, says Schacter.“But be sure the cue is clear and available,”he cautions. If you want to remember to take a medication with lunch, put the pill bottle on the kitchen table—don’t leave it in the medicine cheat and write yourself a note that you keep in a pocket.Another common episode of absent-mindedness: walking into a room and wondering why you’re ther e. Most likely, you were thinking about something else. “Everyone dose this from time,”says Zelinski. The best thing to do is to return to where you were before entering the room, and you’ll likely remember.6. Why does the author think that encoding properly is very important?a. It helps us understand our memory system better.b. It enables us to recall something from our memory.c. It expands our memory capacity considerably.d. It slows down the process of losing our memory.7. One possible reason why women have better memories than men is that .a. they have a wider range of interestsb. they are more reliant on the environment.c. they have an unusual power of focusing their attentiond. they are more interested in what’s happening around them8. A note in the pocket can hardly serve as a reminder because .a. it will easily get lostb. it’s not clear enough for you to readc. it’s out of your sightd. it might get mixed up with other things9. What do we learn from the last paragraph?a. If we focus our attention on one thing, we might forget another.b. Memory depends to a certain extent on the environment.c. Repetition helps improve our memory.d. If we keep forgetting things, we’d better r eturn to where we were.10. What is the passage mainly about?a. The process of gradual memory loss.b. The causes of absent-mindedness.c. The impact of the environment on memory.d. A way of encoding and recalling.Passage ThreePollution all over the world today are beginning to hear and learn more and more about the problem of pollution. Pollution is caused either by man’s release of completely new and often artificial substances into the environment, or by releasing greatly increased amounts of a natural substance, such as oil from oil tankers into the sea.The whole industrial process which makes many of the goods and machines we need and use in our daily lives, is bound to create a number of waste products which upset the environmental balance, or the ecological balance as it is also known. Many of these waste products can be prevented or disposed of sensibly, but clearly while more and more new and complex goods are produced there will be new, dangerous wastes to be disposed of, for example, the waste products from nuclear power stations. Many people, therefore, see pollution as only part of a larger and more complex problem, that is, the whole process of industrial production and consumption of goods. Others again see the problem mainly in connection with agriculture, where new methods are helping farmers grow more and more on their land to feed out ever-increasing populations. However, the land itself is gradually becoming worn out as it is being used, in some cases, too heavily, and artificial fertilizers cannot restore the balance.Whatever its underlying reasons, there is no doubt that much of the pollution caused could be controlled if only companies, individuals and governments would make more efforts. In the homethere is obvious need to control litter and waste. Food comes wrapped up three or four times in packages that all have to be disposed of; drinks are increasingly sold in bottles or tins which cannot be reused. This not only causes a litter problem, but also is a great waste of resources, in terms of glass, metals and paper. Advertising has helped this process by persuading many of us not only to buy things we neither want nor need, but also to throw away much of what we do buy. Pollution and waste combine to be a problem everyone can help to solve by cutting out unnecessary buying, excess consumption and careless disposal of the products we use in our daily lives.11. The main cause of pollution is _____.a.the release of artificial or natural substances into the environmentb.the production of new industrial goodsc.increased amounts of a natural substanced.our eve-increasing population12. What do you think will upset the environmental balance?a.Waste products.b.The whole industrial process.c.Some kinds of disposable goods.d.Some machines we need and use in our daily life.13. Many people see pollution as only part of _____.a.our daily lifeb.the environmental balancec.the consumption of goods by mand.the whole process of industrial production and consumption of goods14. Much of the pollution could be controlled if only _____.a.people would pay more attention to the problemernments would take effective measuresc.all sides concerned would make more effortsd.farmers would use less artificial fertilizers11.People can help solve the problem of pollution by _____.a. urging their governments to control litter and wasteb. making anti-pollution advertisementsc. cutting down the use of oil and other oil productse.reducing unnecessary buying, over-consumption and careless disposal of wastes三、ClozeⅠcover; contain; destruction; disappear; following; same; big; remaining; by excluding The Amazon forest, in Brazil, 1 five million square kilometers, an area as 2 as the whole of Europe 3 Russia. It 4 one third of the world’s tree s.However, the trees are 5 . By 1974, a quarter of the forest had already been cut down. In the 6 year, 1975,4% of the 7 trees went. If the 8 of the forest continues at the9 rte, there will be nothing left 10 the year 2005.ⅡScientists say that the disappearance of the trees is already 1 changes in the climate. What will happen if 2 of the Amazon forest is cut down? According to scientists, two things are 3 to happen: there will be serious effects on the world’s 4 and the air we 5will lose some of its oxygen.The temperature will 6 ; the ice-caps at the North and South Poles will 7 ; the sea8 will rise, and hundreds of coastal cities will be flooded. All scientists agree that if we 9 the Amazon forest, life on earth will become difficult, and it may become 10 .1) a. producing b. making c. causing d. stopping2) a. some b. any c. less d. more3) a. like b. alike c. likewise d. likely4) a. condition b. climate c. weather d. situation5) a. breathe b. breath c. possess d. have6) a. climb b. rise c. arise d. raise7) a. melt b. change c. appear d. disappear8) a. standard b. surface c. appearance d. level9) a. spoil b. destroy c. destruct d. cut down10) a. good b. bad c. impossible d. possible四．Writing作文：1. Buy a House in the City or in the Suburbs1．选择2．对比3. 结论。