Suffix Meaning Example-ac pertaining to属于，关于cardiac: pertaining to the heart 心脏（病）的-al~pertaining tomedical: pertaining to medicine-ar pertaining to molecular: pertaining to a molecule分子的-ary pertaining tobelonging to ciliary: pertaining to the cilia 。

睫毛的,纤毛的,毛状的-ase enzyme 酶amylase: any enzyme that converts starch tosugar 淀粉酶-cle smallness小,少,贫乏,小气follicle: a small bodily cavity or sac 小囊,(头发的)毛囊-e>an instrument 仪器auriscope: an instrument for examining the ear (检查耳朵用的)耳镜-eal pertaining to laryngeal: pertaining to the larynx喉的, 喉音的-ia condition; quality phobia: abnormal fear 恐惧，害怕-icpertaining to toxic: pertaining to toxin 有毒的；因中毒引起的-ics study of; name of a science paediatrics: study of children, their developmentand diseases 儿科学-ine/in substance 物质insulin：substance (hormone) produced by theislets of Langerhans in the pancreas胰岛素'-ism process or condition alcoholism: excessive drinking of alcohol whichbecomes addictive 酒精中毒-ist one who specializes in精通于……的人pharmacologist: a doctor who specializes in the study of drugs 药理专家-itis inflammation refers to a part in……部位的炎症%rhinitis: inflammation of the nasal passages 鼻炎，鼻粘膜炎-(i)um relation to a whole; related to与……相关endometrium: inner lining of the uter子宫内膜-ive characterizes by antitussive: a drug that suppresses coughing止咳药》-lettiny; small droplet: a tiny drop 小滴-ment the result or product of an action development: thing which develops or is beingdeveloped; action of becoming mature -oid resembling; like像mucoid: resembling mucus ！ 粘液样的-ole little; small centriole: the small dense structure in the middleof the centrosome细胞中心粒；中心体-oma tumor; swelling refers to a doer dermatofibroma: fibrous tumor of the skin皮肤纤维瘤-or/-er 、 either a person or thing receptor: a sensory nerve ending that responds tovarious stimuli 感受器，受体-ory characterized by; pertaining to suspensory: which is hanging down悬吊式，悬带-ose sugar fructose: fruits sugar found in honey and somefruit 果糖-osis < abnormal condition onychocryptosis: abnormal condition of a hiddennail 嵌甲-ous pertaining to poisonous: pertaining to poison; also containingpoison 有毒的，分泌毒素的-somes bodies ribosome: the body of nucleic acid 核糖体-um structure; thing; substance ￥ 结构，物质magnesium: a white metallic chemical substance镁（金属元素）-ycondition; act; process dystrophy: disorder caused by defective nutrition or metabolism 营养不良The following is a list of the most commonly used compound suffixesSuffix Meaning Example-algia # pain; painful; conditionarthralgia: pain in a joint 关节痛--ase enzyme protease: digestive enzyme 蛋白酶-blast embryo 胚，胚胎，人类胚胎 hemocytoblast: blast cell 血胚细胞，原始血细胞-carcinoma malignant tumor developing fromconnective tissue 相关组织的恶性肿瘤 ! adenocarcinoma: malignant tumor developingfrom glandular tissue 腺癌-cele protrusion; distention 突出；膨胀，延伸 esophagocele: abnormal distention of the esophagus 食管突出 -centesissurgical puncture 手术穿孔 paracentesis: surgical puncture of a cavity for the aspiration of fluid 穿刺术 -capniacarbon dioxide 二氧化碳 acapnia: absence of carbon dioxide 血液二氧化碳缺乏 … -cidekillgermicide: (substance) which can kill germs 杀菌剂 -clast cell phagocyte:cell, especially a white blood cell,which can surround and destroy other cells 噬菌细胞 -dyniapain glossodynia: pain in the tongue 舌痛 '-ectasia/-ectasisexpansion; dilation(膨胀，扩张) atelectasis: incomplete expansion of the lungs at birth 肺不张 -ectomysurgical excision or removal of gastrectomy: surgical removal of the stomach 胃切除术 -edemaexcessive accumulation of serous fluid 水肿 myxoedema: condition caused when the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormone 粘液腺瘤病，粘液水肿 】-emiablood condition leukemia: any of several malignant diseases where an abnormal number of leucocytes form in the blood 白血病 -emesisvomiting 呕吐 hematemesis: the vomiting of blood 咯血；吐血 -gensomething that produced or prouduces pathogen: a microorganism or agent capable of producing disease 病菌，病原体 -genesis@ production 生产 spermatogenesis: formation and development of spermatozoa in the testes 精子发生 -globinprotein 蛋白质 hemoglobin: an iron-containing protein produced by erythrocytes 血红素 -gnosisknowledge diagnosis: the process of identifying the nature or presence of a disease through knowledge and examination -gramimage; picture . electrocardiogram: a graphic record of the electrical activity of heart muscle or heartbeat used in the diagnosis of heart disease. Abbr. ECG and EKG. Syn. cardiogram 心电图 -graph(y)process of recording 记录过程 electocardiography: the process of making or recording electrocardiograms. Syn. cardiography 心电图记录 -iasiscondition; state 情况，状况 ; cholelithiasis: the formation of gallstones 胆石症 -iatry/-iatricshealing, frequently refers to a branch of medicine 康复，常指医学的一个分支 podiatry: treatment of foot disorders 足部医疗 -lithstone cholelith: a gallstone; a stone formed in the gallbladder 胆结石 -logy. the study of cytology: the science study of cells 细胞学 -logistone who studies and treats urologist: a physician who specializes in the practice of urology 泌尿科医生 -lysis breakdown, destruction hemolysis: the destruction or breakdown of redblood cells with release of hemoglobin 溶血 -malaciasoftening } osteomalacia: softening of bone 骨软化 -maniaextreme compulsion or preoccupation 强迫症 kleptomania: a morbid, uncontrollable compulsion to steal 盗窃癖 -megaly giant acromegaly: a condition in which there is anenlargement of the facial bones as well as thoseof the lungs 肢端肥大症-metry/ -meter measurement ;spirometry: measurement of the volume of airinhaled and exhaled or the air capacity of thelungs 肺(活)量测定(法),呼吸量测定(法)-odynia pain cardiodynia: pain in the heart region 心痛，胸痛-one hormone 荷尔蒙，激素parathormone: which regulates calcium balance among the blood, bones, and teeth 甲状旁腺激素-opia a defect in the eye 眼睛的毛病 myopia: being short-sighted 近视- -opsy to view biopsy: excision of live tissue for microscopic diagnosis 活检-osis morbid condition 病态的 sclerosis: abnormal hardening 硬化症 -osmia smell anosmia: loss of the sense of smell 嗅觉丧失-ostomy | process of making an opening into or a connection between 造瘘gastrostomy: surgical construction of an openingfrom the surface of the abdomen into thestomach 胃造口术-oxia level of oxygen 氧水平hypoxia: a low oxygen level or a lack of oxygen in body tissues 组织缺氧-pathy disease; diseased condition ophthalmopathy: any eye disease 眼病-penia , deficiency leukopenia: deficiency of leukocytes in the blood.Syn. leukocytopenia 白细胞减少症-pepsia digestion eupepsia: good digestion 消化良好--pexy a fixing or setting firmly in place by suturing 缝合固定 hepatopexy: surgical fixation of a displace liver 肝固定术-phagia/phag y eating; swallowing 吃，吞咽| dysphagia: difficulty in swallowing 吞咽困难 -phil attraction 吸引，具有吸引力的事物 basophil: type of leucocyte or white blood cellwhich contains granules 嗜碱性粒细胞-phobia fear xenophobia: irrational fear of strangers 对外国人的恐惧，憎恶-plasia formation; development hyperplasia: overdevelopment or enlargement ofan organ or tissue 增生，数量型肥大- -phoniavoice dysphonia: difficulty in speaking 发声困难 -plasm formation; growth or substance of c ytoplasm: jelly substance in the cell 细胞浆formation -plastysurgical repair osteoplasty: surgical repair of the bone 骨整形术，骨成形术 --plegia《 stroke; paralysis 中风 thermoplegia: heat or sunsrtoke 热射病 -pneabreathing eupnea: normal breathing 呼吸正常，平静呼吸 --ptosisa falling, the dropping or sagging of an organ 器官下移 hepatoptosis: abnormally low position of the liver 肝下垂 -ptysisspitting 分散 } melanoptysis: spitting of the spleen 黑色痰液;咳黑痰 -poiesisproduction hemopoiesis: production of blood cells 造血作用，生血作用 -rrhage/-rrhagiabursting forth of blood 出血 menorrhagia: very heavy bleeding during menstruation 月经过多 -rrhaphysurgical sewing or suturing ~ splenorrhaphy: suture of the spleen 脾修补术 -rrheaoverflow hydrorrhea: watery discharge 液溢 -(o)rrhexissplitting or rupture 撕裂，破裂，疝气 amniorrhexis: rupture of the amniotic ac 羊膜破裂 -sarcomamalignant tumor developing from connective tissue | liposarcoma: malignant tumor containing fat 脂肪肉瘤 -schesisa holding back; suppression of discharge 阻碍；抑制排放 uroschesis: suppression of urine 闭尿，尿潴留 -sclerosisa hardening dermatosclerosis: hardening of the skin 硬皮病 -scopeinstrument for viewing ! stethoscope: an instrument for performing medicate ausculation 听诊器 -scopyprocess of examining visually hepatoscopy: examination of the liver 肝检查 -spasminvoluntary contraction angiospasm: sudden contraction of the muscles in a blood vessel 血管痉挛 -stasissuppression; stoppage; control; arrest 抑制，中止 hemostasis: the arrest of bleeding . 止血，止血法 -stenosisabnormal narrowing of a duct or canal 管、道德异常狭窄 laryngostenosis: abnormal narrowing of the larynx 喉狭窄 -stomysurgical opening to the outside of the body 造口 colostomy: surgical operation to make an opening from the colon 结肠造口术 -tentionpressure hypertention: high blood pressure 高血压 …-therapytreatment physiotherapy: treatment of disease by physical means 物理疗法 --tion process hospitalization: the process of being hosipitalized住院-tocialabor; birth 生产 embryotocia: abortion 流产 -tome！ tool for incision arthrotome: instrument for cutting a joint 关节刀 -tomyprocess of cutting into gastrotomy: incision of the stomach 胃切开术 -tropiaturning 转弯，变向 esotropia: turning inward of the eye 内斜视 -trophy nourishment or development of anorgan 器官的营养、发育： dystrophy: disorder caused by defective nutrition or metabolism 营养不良-uria a condition of the urine （小便） dysuria: difficultly in passing urine 排尿困难 -version turning eversion: a turning outward 外翻，翻转 Here is a table of the most commonly used prefixesPrefix Meaning! Examplea-/an- without; not aphasia: the inability to understand written or spoken words or to speak meaningfully 失语症 ab-away from abortion: expulsion from the uterus 流产 ad-to; toward; near adnasal: near the nose 近鼻的 &acro-a point or tip acronyx: growing into the flesh 嵌甲 alb-white albino: a person lacking normal pigmentation 白发病者 amb-/ambi-both ambisexual 、bisexual: (person) who is sexually attracted to both males and famales 双性恋 ；amphi-/ampho-both; both sides amphicentric: beginning and ending in the same vessel 起止同源的血管 ana- up; back again anabolism: process of building up complexchemical substances on the basis of simpler ones合成代谢Angio- a blood vessel angioma: benign tumor formed of blood vessel 血管瘤— ante- before antenatal: during the period between conceptionand childbirth 出生前的，怀孕期的anti- against antidepressant: (drug) used to treat depression 抗抑郁剂audi- hearing; sound audiometry: science of testing hearing 听力测定auto- — self autoantibody: antibody formed to attack thebody’s own cells 自身抗体bi- two; twice bicellular: two cells 两室的bio- living organisms 生命体 biochemistry: chemistry living tissues 生物化学brady- slow /bradycardia: slow rate of heart contraction,shown by a slow pulse rate 心动过缓carcin- carcinoma or cancer 癌；瘤carcinogen: a cancer-causing substance 致癌物cata-downwards; under; against;along with cataract: condition where the lens of the eye gradually becomes hard and opaque白内障centi-one hundredth百分之一！centimeter: unit of measurement of length(=onehundredth of a meter)厘米co(n)-with or together consanguineous: blood relationship血亲的，血缘的，密切的contra-against contraception: prevention of pregnancy by usingdevices or drugs 避孕法，节育法de-removal or loss decaffeinated: (coffee) with the caffeine removed脱去咖啡因的&deca-ten decagram: ten grams 十克deci-tenth deciliter: unit of measurement of liquid(=onetenth of a little)1/10公升di-two diglossia: a double tongue使用两种语言dia-【through; between; apart; across diathermy: process of (treating) through heat 透热疗法dis-reversal or separate disintegrate: to come to pieces分解，破裂dys-bad; difficult; disordered dysarthrosis: deformity or malformation of a joint关节变形echo-、sound echocardiography: ultrasonography of the heart 心回波描记，超声心动描记术ect-/ ecto-outside or outer ecchondroma: benign tumor on the surface ofcartilage or bone外生软骨瘤en-in; within enostosis: benign growth inside a bone内生骨疣endo-、inside endocardium: membrane which lines the heart心内膜epi-on; over epidermis: outer layer of skin表皮ery-red erythrocyte: mature non-nucleated red blood cell红细胞eso-inward; within(向内)—esotropia: turning inward of the eye内斜视eu-good eugenics: study of how to improve the humanrace by genetic selection优生学ex-/ exo-out of exhale: to breath out 呼出extra-outside extracapsular: outside a capsule囊外的$ hemi-half hemiplegia: severe paralysis affecting one side ofthe body 偏瘫,半身麻痹,半身不遂hydro-water hydrocele: collection of watery liquid found in acavity such as the scrotum阴囊积水hyper-higher or too much hyperglycaemia: excess of glucose in the blood高血糖症hypo-￥hypokalaemia: deficiency of potassium in theless or too little blood 低血钾 in-in or into inbreeding: breeding between a closely related male and female 近亲交配 in-not incoherent: not able to speak in a way which makes sense 语无伦次 infra-below or beneath ' infrapatellar: below or beneath the patella 髌 inter-between interlobular: between lobules 小叶间的 intra-inside intramedullary: inside the bone marrow or spinal cord 髓内 itro-into introvert: person who thinks only about himself and his own mental state 性格内向的人 \ mal- bad or abnormalmalfunction: abnormal working of an argan 机器等运转失常；失灵；出现故障 meta- changesmetaplasia: change of one tissue to another 化生，转化，组织变形 micro- very smallmicrocyte: abnormally small red blood cell 小红细胞 \ mid- middlemidcarpal: between the two rows of carpal bones 腕骨间的 milli- one thousandthmilligram: unit of measurement of weight 毫克 mis- error or wrongmiscarriage: spontaneous abortion 流产 multi- |manymultigravida: a woman who is pregnant and has been pregnant at least twice before 经产孕妇 noct- at nightnocturia: passing abnormally large quantity of urine when asleep in bed at night 夜尿症 nona- nine or the ninethnonagon: flat shape which has nine sides 九边形 octa- eight .octan: every eight days 八日热；每隔八日发一次的odont-teeth odontology: study of teeth and associatedstructures, and their disorders onco-tumours oncology: scientific study of new gowths 肿瘤学 oro- mouth orolingual: pertaining to the mouth and tongue 口与舌的pachy- thickening pachysomia: condition where soft tissues of the body become abnormally thick 躯体肥厚 pali-/ palin- against; pathologic repetition 病态的重复 palindromic: (disease) which recurs复发的，再发的pan-/pant-/ panto- all pancytopenia: abnormal depression of all the cellular elements of the blodd 全血细胞减少症 para- similar to or near; changed or beyond paralyse or paralyze: to weaken (muscles) so thatthey cannot function 使麻痹，使瘫痪pen-/ five pentosuria: excretion of pentoses in the urinepenta-戊糖尿 ！per-through percutaneous: done or administered through the skin 经皮的，由皮的 peri-around pericystitis: inflammation of tissue around the bladder 膀胱周炎 pero- deformed or defective 畸形有缺陷的 peromelia: congenital deformity of the limbs 四肢不全 (pharmaco-drugs pharmacology: study of drugs or medicines, and their action, properties and characteristics 药理学，药物学 pleo-/pleio-too many pleokaryocyte: condition where a greater than normal number of cells in cerebrospinal fluid 多核细胞 pluri-more pluriglandular: pertaining to or affecting several glands 多线性的 #pneum-/pneunmo-air or the lungs; breathing pneumonia: inflammation of a lung 肺炎 poly-touching many organs polyphagia: condition where a patient eats too much; morbid desire for every king of food 多食症，杂食症 post-after or later postprandial: after a meal 餐后的 pre-before of in front of premature: early or before the normal time 过早的，早产 presby-old age presbyopia: an old person’s sight fails gradually 老花眼 pro-/supin-/pron-before or in front of lying on the back bend forward prognosis: prediction of the outcome of a disease 预测；预后 quadri-/quint-four five/fifth quadruplet or quad: one of four babies born to a mother at the same time 四胞胎 radio-ray or radiation radiotherapy: treating a disease by exposing the affected part to radioactive 放射疗法 semi-half semiptosis: the downward sagging of half or part of an organ 轻度睑下垂 sub-under submucous: under the mucous membrane 粘膜下层的；粘膜下的 super-above; extremely superalbuminosis: abnormal increase of albumin 白蛋白过多 syn-with; joint syndesmosis: joint where the ones are tightly linked by ligaments 韧带联合 supra-above; over suprarenal: (situated) above a kidney 肾上腺 tachy-fast tachycardia: rapid beating of the heart 心动过速 tetra- four tetracycline: antibiotic used to treat a wide rangeof bacterial diseases 四环素trans-across; through; beyond transmission: the transfer, as of a disease, fromone person to another 传染tri-three tricephalus: a fetus with three heads 三头畸胎ultra-beyond; excess ultrasonics: the science dealing with ultrasonicsound waves 超声波学uni-one uniglandular: affecting only one gland 单腺的xen(o)-strange; foreign xenograft: a graft of tissue transplant betweenanimals of different species 异种移植物。