定语从句（学生版）关系副词when, where, why介词+whom/which引导的定语从句一、基本概念1. 定语从句除可用关系代词引导外，还可用关系副词_______, _______与_______来引导。
2. 它们的区别是：when用于指________，相当于in/ at/ on/ during which, where用于指________，相当于in/ at/ from which, why用于指________, 相当于for which。
3. 关系副词在定语从句中代替_______作_____语，_____省略，有时可以用________代替。
二、基本用法1. 关系副词when关系副词和where的先行词是表示时间(如the day(s), the time, the year等)和地点(如the place, the house, the factory, the station等)的一类词，而关系副词why的先行词通常只是for the reason(s)。
另外，________和________可引导限制性和非限制性定语从句，而________则只用于引导限制性定语从句，不用于引导非限制性定语从句。
★用适当的关系副词填空①I will remember the day ______ I left my hometown forever. (作________状语= ________)②This is the place ________ he works. (作________状语= ________________)③He told me the reason ________ he was late again. (作________状语= ________________)2. 注意不要以为在时间名词后就一定用关系副词when,在地点名词后就一定用关系副词where,在表示原因的the reason后就一定用关系副词why。
到底选用关系副词还是关系代词,关键是看它们在定语从句中是用作状语(用关系_______)还是用作主语或宾语(用关系_______)。
英语中的关系副词主要是when, where, why三个。
不要想当然地将how 用作关系副词修饰the way。
如不说This is the way how he spoke，可改为This is how he spoke(how引导的是表语从句)，当然也可说成This is the way______________ he spoke. ★用适当的关系副词或关系代词填空①Don’t forget the time ________I’ve told you. 不要忘记我告诉你的时间。
②I’ll never forget the days_______ I worked with you. 我永远不会忘记我与你共事的日子。
③He works in a factory ________makes radio parts. 他在一家造无线电零件的工厂工作。
④He works in the factory ________ his father worked. 他在他父亲工作过的那家工厂工作。
⑤That’s the reason ________he explained to us. 那就是他向我们解释的理由。
⑥That’s the reason ________she left home. 那就是她离家出走的原因。
3. 介词+关系代词的用法在定语从句中，当关系代词作动词短语或介词的宾语时，为了使关系代词与先行词的关系更加紧凑，可以将定语从句中的介词或动词短语中的介词提前放在关系代词前面。
“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句, 关系代词只能用________和________, 且________省略。
介词主要根据三个方面来选择: 一是先行词与介词的搭配; 二是定语从句中谓语动词或形容词与介词的搭配; 三是根据“介词+关系代词”在从句中的作用及意义。
★试一试①Do you know the man (who/whom/that) Mr. Black talked with just now?=Do you know the man ________ ________ Mr. Black talked just now?②He is the man (who/whom/that) we are proud of.=He is the man ________ ________we are proud.三、在使用“介词+关系代词”结构时要注意以下几个问题：1. 介词的确定应依据定语从句中动词短语的习惯性搭配或介词与先行词的搭配，如：Who is the girl with whom you just shook hands? (shake hands with)He built a telescope through which he could study the skies. (through the telescope)2. 有些固定短语中的介词不能拆开移到关系代词前。
如：listen to, look at, depend on, payattention to, take care of, look forThis is the watch which you’re looking for。
He is a kind of man whom you can safely depend on.3. 介词放在关系代词之前时，只用which, whom不用that, who。
当关系代词指代人时，用whom，关系代词指代物时，用which，如：Is this the pen with which you wrote the letter?He wrote about 20 novels, of which this is the most successful.This is the man from whom I learnt the news.4. 当先行词是物时，作定语的引导词whose +n = ________________或 ________________.He lives in the room whose window faces south.= He lives in the room ________________________faces south.= He lives in the room ________________________ faces south.四、解题基本思路1. 首先判断先行词的性质,是表示时间还是表示地点等等;2. 查看先行词在定语从句中充当何成分；3. 依据充当主语或者宾语，选择合适的关系词。
I. 把含有介词+which/whom的定语从句下划线并翻译1.I need a piece of paper on which I can write a letter.ter they may give performances in pubs or clubs, for which they are paid in cash.3. The house in front of which there is a big tree was built more than 1000 years ago.4. Air, without which man can’t live, is really important.5. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, the price of which was very reasonable.II. 用定语从句合并下列句子1.The man is a teacher. I once lived with him.__________________________________________________________________________ 2.The factory was closed. My father had worked in the factory for 20 years.__________________________________________________________________________ 3.I’m looking forward to the days. During the days we will have a good time.__________________________________________________________________________ 4.The village has a big tree. The villagers often have meetings under the tree.__________________________________________________________________________ 5. A teaching building will be built near the playground. We play basketball on the playground.__________________________________________________________________________ III. 用适当的介词+which/whom填空1. Albert Einstein, ________ ________life was once hard, didn’t care about money.2. The teacher ________ ________I learnt most was Mrs. Zhu.3. Is that the fish ________ ________you asked the waiter?4. Last night I had a dream ________ ________I became a Nobel Prize winner.5. He’ll never forget the day ________ ________ he was admitted to the Olympic Games.6. I was given three books on cooking, the first ________ ________I really enjoyed.7. Is that the girl ________ ________you lent your bike?.8. The sun gives us heat and light, ________ ________we can’t live.9. The student ________ ________we were talking is the best one in our class.10. The man ________ ________you shook hands just now is our headmaster.1. They live in a house, whose windows are made of glass.They live in a house, ________ ________ ________ ________are made of glass.2. He has two daughters, and both of them are college students.He has two daughters, ________ ________ ________ are college students.3. China has hundreds of islands, the largest of which is Tai Wan.China has hundreds of islands, ________ ________the largest is Tai Wan.4. Can you think of a situation where this word is used?Can you think of a situation ________ ________this word is used?5. China has a lot of famous writers and Lu Xun is one of them.China has a lot of famous writers, one ________ ________is Lu Xun.V. 改错1. The way in that he learns English is interesting.2. The shop that he bought the dictionary is not far away from his school.3. He always spends the whole day in the shop that he reads English novels.4. I like the way which he speaks English.5. The book of which cover is red is a photo album.6. I thanked the man with whom help I found the hospital.7. The WWII in that millions of people were killed ended in 1945.8. I will never forget the moment which I heard him speaking English.9. I found a house the roof had been destroyed.10. This is the reason which his parents gave him the money to buy the book.VI. 完成句子1. The boy will never forget the day ______________________________（他一个人留在家里）.2. There are two thousand students in our school, ___________________________________（其中三分之二是女孩）3. There were about 50 foreign students studying in china,_______________________________ （大多数人是德国人）.4. The laboratory _________________________________ (他在那儿工作的) is well equipped.5. He stood at the window, ____________________________（从那儿他能看见正发生的事）.介词+关系代词课堂巩固：一、Fill i n the blanks with “prep. + which/whom”:1. Are you interested in any songs _____ you’ve listened to.2. Tomorrow is a particular day ____ _____ his daughter will get married.3. This is the knife ____ _____ I usually cut bread.4. We can’t live without t he sun ____ _____ we get heat and light.5. The subject ____ _____ Eric is interested is physics.6. Do you know the girl ____ _____ our head teacher is shaking hands?7. I can’t find my dictionary ____ _____ I paid over $100.8. This is the good car ____ _____ I spent all my money.9. She is the teacher ______ _______all his students show respect.10. The teacher ____ _____ you have been waiting is coming in a minute.11. Do you remember the day _________ we left you in charge.12. I often think of the moment _________ I saw the UFO.13. I remember the time _________ Eric won that speech competition.14. It rained the whole day __________ he travelled with his family15. The police searched the house _________ the thief had stayed.16. Mike wants to work in a country _________ there are a lot of rainforests.17. This is not a family _________ bad behavior goes unpunished.18. The study is the place _________ I often have talks with my father.19. I won’t listen to the reason _________ you didn’t do your ho mework.20. This is the reason _________ my parents got home earlier二、Multiple choices:1. Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes ______ people were eaten by the tiger. (05广东)A. in whichB. by whichC. whichD. that2. I have many friends, _______ some are businessmen. (05全国)A. of themB. from whichC. who ofD. of whom3. We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to us, ______ we gave some bells and glasses. (06湖南)A. to whichB. to whomC. with whomD. with which4. I was given three books on cooking, the first _______ I really enjoyed. (06浙江)A. of thatB. of whichC. thatD. which5. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, __________ wanted to buy it. (07安徽)A. none of themB. both of themC. none of whomD. neither of whom6. We shouldn’t spen d our money testing so many people, most of _________are healthy. (07北京)A. thatB. whichC. whatD. whom7. By nine o’clock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, ________appeared rare rainbow soon. （08福建）A. of whichB. on whichC. from whichD. above which8. The man pulled out a gold watch, ______ were made of small diamonds. (08陕西)A. the hands of whomB. whom the hands ofC. which the hands ofD. the hands of which。