第十一篇Stage FrightFall down as you come onstage. That‘s an oddtrick. Not recommended. But it saved the pianist Vladimir Feltsman when he wasa teenager back in Moscow. The veteran cellist Mstislav Rostropovich trippedhim purposely to cure him of pre-performance panic,2 Mr. Feltsmansaid,"All my fright was gone.I already fell. What else could happen？"Today,music schools are addressing the problem ofanxiety in classes that deal with performance techniques and careerpreparation. There are a variety of strategies that musicians can learn tofight stage fright and its symptoms:icy fingers,shaky limbs,racing heart,blank mind.3Teachers and psychologists offer wide-rangingadvice,from basics like learning pieces inside out,4 to mentaldiscipline,such as visualizing a performance and taking steps to relax. Don‘tdeny that you’re jittery,they urge,some excitement is natural,even necessary for dynamicplaying. And play in public often,simply for the experience.Psychotherapist Diane Nichols suggests somestrategies for the moments before performance,“Take two deep abdominalbreaths,open up your shoulders,then smile,she says. ”And not one of these‘please don’t kill me‘ smiles. Then choose three friendly faces in theaudience,people you would communicate with and make music to,and make eyecontact with them.“She doesn’t want performers to think of the audience as ajudge.Extreme demands by mentors or parents are often atthe root of stage fright,says Dorothy Delay,a well-known violin teacher. She tells otherteachers to demand only what their students are able to achieve.When Lynn Harrell was 20，he became the principal cellist ofthe Cleverland Orchestra,and he suffered extreme stage fright. “There weretimes when I got so nervous I was sure the audience could see my chestresponding to the throbbing. It was just total panic. I came to a point where Ithought,"If I have to go through this to play music,I think I’m going to lookfor another job.”5 Recovery,hesaid,involved developinghumility-recognizing that whatever his talent,he was fallible，and that an imperfect concert wasnot a disaster.6It is not only young artists who suffer,ofcourse. The legendary pianist Vladimir Horowitz‘s nerves were famous. The greattenor Franco Corelli is another example.“They had to push him on stage,"SopranoRenata Scotto recalled.Actually,success can make things worse. “In the beginning of your career,when you‘re scared to death,nobody knows who you are,and they don’t have anyexpectations,"Soprano June Anderson said. “There‘s less to lose. Later on,whenyou’r e known,people are coming to see you,and they have certain expectations.You have a lot to lose.”Anderson added,"I never stop being nervous until I‘ve sung my last note.”注释：1.Stage Fright：舞台恐惧2.The veteran cellist MstislavRostropovich tripped him purposely to cure him of pre-performance panic…资深大提琴家米提斯拉夫？罗斯特罗波维奇故意把他绊倒，因而治愈了他的上台前的恐惧症……cure somebody ofillness （problem）：医治好病（解决问题）3.… its symptoms：icy fingers,shakylimbs,racing heart,blank mind…：……舞台恐惧的症状有：手指冰凉、四肢颤抖、心跳加快和大脑一片空白……4.Teachers and psychologists offerwide-ranging advice,from basics like learning pieces inside out…：老师和心理学家给出了方方面面的建议，从基础的做法，比如详细地学习曲目…… inside out：in great detail详细地，从里到外地5.I came to a point where I thought,'If I have to gothrough this to play music,I think I’m going to look for ano ther job‘。
：我曾经一度认为，如果演奏音乐就必须过怯场这一关的话，那我可能得换其他工作了。
6.Recovery,he said,involveddeveloping humility-recognizing that whatever his talent,he was fallible,andthat an imperfect concert was not a disaster.：他后来说，要克服恐惧重要的是学会谦逊，即认识到不论自己多有才，总有可能会失误，一个有瑕疵的音乐会绝对不是世界末日。
练习：1.Falling down onstage was not a good way for Vladimir Feltsman todeal with his stage fright.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned2.There are many signs of stage fright.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned3.Teachers and psychologists cannot help people with extreme -stagefright.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned4.To perform well on stage,you need to have some feelings ofexcitement.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned5.If you have stage fright,it's helpful to have friendly audience.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned6.Often people have stage fright because parents or teachers expecttoo much of them.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned7.Famous musicians never suffer from stage fright.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned答案与题解：1.B 本文第一段讲的是钢琴家弗拉基米尔？菲兹曼被米提斯拉夫？罗斯特罗波维奇绊倒后，他的舞台恐惧被治愈的经历。
2.A 第二段的最后一句点出舞台恐惧的诸多症状为：手指冰凉、四肢颤抖、心跳加快和大脑一片空白。
3.B 本文的第三、第四、第五和第六段都在讲老师和心理学家为舞台恐惧者提供全方位的建议。