PSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES
STRUCTURE OF PERSONALITY
ID, EGO, SUPEREGO
ANXIETY & DEFENSE MECHANISMS
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PSYCHOANALYSIS = the single most influential school of
thought of the XX century
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PSYCHOANALYSIS AND THE ARTS
Surrealism -- Salvador Dali (1904-1989)
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Buñuel (1900-1983) --Un Chien Andalou
A man. A woman. A knife. An eye. A moon. A cloud. The man slices open the woman's eye as a cloud slices across the moon.
(paralysis with no apparent physical cause)
FREUD’S NISTIC VIEW OF THE MIND
mind = machine that uses psychological energy; this energy can only be displaced or transformed (never destroyed)
Delacroix (1798-1863)
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RATIONALISM & EMPIRICISM
Providing a scientific account for all phenomena
Ramon y Cajal (1852-1934)
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RATIONALISM & EMPIRICISM
Providing a scientific account for all phenomena e.g., providing a scientific explanation for hysteria?
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MAJOR INFLUENCES ON FREUD’S THINKING:
3 historical phenomena 2 relationships
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ROMANTICISM
Celebration of the emotional and irrational aspects of human nature
INSTINCTS: LIFE (libido) & DEATH (aggression) Mental representation of a biological need; Energy of the psyche
•PSYCHOLOGICAL DETERMINISM •CONFLICT •UNCONSCIOUS
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PSYCHOLOGICAL DETERMINISM
There is not such thing as random behavior; all our acts are determined by internal forces (wishes, fears) related to two basic instincts
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PSYCHOANALYSIS AND LITERATURE
Broken Glass by (UM alumnus) Arthur Miller
Set in 1938, during the rise of Nazism and government-sanctified antiSemitism, a Brooklyn couple are forced to deal with the wife's psychosomatic paralysis. This affliction could exist for many disparate reasons, such as the couple's bitter marriage, her husband's futile attempted assimilation into the Gentile world, her obsession with Hitler's assault on German Jews, or just as a plea for attention. It is up to the couple's doctor to discover the root of this illness.
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Question for the class: In your view, why were Freud’s ideas and
psychoanalysis so shocking to society?
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Freud’s view of the human psyche as ridden by unconscious and uncontrollable forces of sexual origin.
FREUD & PSYCHOANALYSIS
IS PSYCHOANALYSIS REALLY THAT INFLUENCIAL?
MAJOR INFLUENCES ON FREUD’S THINKING
KEY NOTIONS IN PSYCHOANALYSIS
PSYCHOLOGICAL DETERMINISM CONFLICT UNCONSCIOUS
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WW1
Self-destruction as part of human nature
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CHARCOT (1825-1893)
Hypnosis as a research method and therapeutic tool
Hysteria: paralysis with no apparent physical cause
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BREUER (1842-1925)
Talking-cure: unstructured talk about fantasies, dreams, symptoms, fears ---> release of psychic energy
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KEY NOTIONS IN PSYCHOANALYSIS