Unit 7
Sociology
Language building-up
Tense switch
Supplementary information
• If the time frame for each action or state is the same, do not switch tense. For example:
Generally there should be a time word or phrase to explain the tense switch. For example:
She had a bad cold yesterday, and now she is feeling much better.
Unit 7
Sociology
Language building-up Specialized vocabulary
3. Additional clasllowing economic terms, which appear in Texts B and C, from Chinese into English.
视觉感受 社会依附性 群体压力 大众监督 从众 社会关系 一直意见
visual perception social attachment group pressure public scrutiny conformity social ties unanimity
Unit 7
Sociology
Academic language and discourse
2 lure: temptation
Paraphrase: The dream to become rich after working exhaustedly in a low position 80 hours per week for several years has lost its attraction.
I slept heavily except once I woke sweating and scared and then went back to sleep.
•
Switch tense to indicate a change in time frame from one action or state to another. For example: customers will be keen to this product, and reluctant look for alternatives , for as long as they think it is cheap.
Supplementary information
The purposes of tense switch
Verb tense tells the reader about time relationships among various narrated events. Writers will generally maintain one tense for the main body of a text and indicate changes in time by changing tense relative to that primary tense. Switching from one tense to another without indications can sometimes be very c•onfusing to the reader.
Unit 7
Sociology
Language building-up Specialized vocabulary
Task 1 1h 2f 3a 4j 5I 6b 7d 8g 9c 10e
Unit 7
Sociology
Language building-up
Task 2
Specialized vocabulary
suggested that personality is a powerful predictor of a person’s life satisfaction.
3 An employee’s work orientation is shaped in the first instance by their understanding of “what work is
Unit 7
Sociology
Language building-up
Tense switch
Answer keys to Task2 1 The present perfect tense emphasizes that people’s conception about what money can bring them has changed greatly. 2 The tense switches from the present to the past tense to manifest that an example is given. 3 The tense switches between the past and the present to produce a comparison of different interpretations of “a calling” in different times.
3 lowly job: humble job
recrafted: turned
Paraphrase: though the work he did was humble , he turned it into a lofty profession.
Unit 7
Sociology
Task 3
Language building-up
Signpost language
1. Do Task 2 / Language building-up/Text A. 2. Discuss the purposes of tense switch.
Unit 7
Sociology
Language building-up Tense switch
1 To achieve professional development is important
as a means to the end of becoming an expert and
gaining more flexibility and independence.
2 Numerous studies over the past 30 years have
Unit 7
Sociology
Language building-up
Formal English
Answer keys to Task 3
1 pour heart and soul into: spare no efforts
Paraphrase: What will motivate a worker to spare no efforts to his work?
Formal English
4 entails: requires
Paraphrase: A career requires more devotion to work.
5 contributing to: being beneficial to
connotation: implication
Paraphrase: People who regard their work as a calling think that what they do helps serve the public and brings benefits to our society, and therefore it’s quite proper to say that a calling implies something similar to religious beliefs.
about”.
4 The government is trying to introduce new
measures to create a better social safety net and
encourage better worker pay.
5 Money has been used as the incentive of many intelligence contests in TV program.