PART1: ReadingHow to quickly read an English paper?Metalworking Glossary Cutting Tool Engineering, November, 2000, 209-238The metalworking glossary defines terms common to those who cut and grind metals and other materials. The terms are divided into 11 categories:1.Manufacturing Definitions;2.Machining Operations;3.Machine Tools and Ancillary Equipment;4.Cutting Tools and Related Terminology5.Coolants, Lubricants, and Related Terminology6.Accessories and Attachments;7.Alloys, Coatings, Material Compositions, and Related Terminology;8.Heat-treating and Special Processes;9.Inspection, Measurement, and Quality Control;10.Robotics and Automated Assembly;11.Nontraditional MachiningHow to Make Use of the Linguistic Features ofScientific Papers(科技论文的语言特点)1.Linguistic Style(语体)科学技术领域，科技工作者的任务：描述自然现象分析自然现象产生的规律研究自然现象应用于人类生产实践的方法表达所取得的成果及其应用思维形式：概念、公式或公式化的概念思维活动的语言表达：按照严格的逻辑程序导出的判断和推理，科技文体具有抽象性、概念性和高度的逻辑性内容：写实语言风格：准确严谨、合乎逻辑，非形象性(理性)、客观性、无明显感情色彩、简洁明快。
Literature1.Conference paper2.Journal paper3.Lecture4.Book (Dissertation or Thesis)5.Report (News)6.Manual and SpecificationPaper and Experimental Report: Title, Abstract, Introduction, Results and Analysis, Conclusion and DiscussionBook & Lecture: Title, Author(s), Name of the process or publisher, Name of the printing House, Name of the distributor, Date of publication, Date of printing, Synopsis, Note by the publisher, International Standard Book Number, Preface or Foreword, Acknowledgements, Contents, Text of the book, Appendix or Supplement, Index, EpilogueManual and Instructions, Directions: Principle, Operation, Maintenance2.VocabularyTypically Professionalized TermsWhenever a force acts on a body so as to make the body move through some distance, it is said to have done work.Body n. 身体, 肉体, 人, 尸体, 主要部分, 团体, 大量vt. 赋以形体机械专业n. 车身,机身船舶专业n. 机身,水团,艇体地质专业n. 体,岩体,车身电力专业n. 物体,本体,壳体法律专业n. 身体,本文,机关纺织专业n. 布身,身骨,物体航海专业n. 全体航空专业n. 机身,船身n. 体,物体化学专业n. 身体,本文,支柱,质地vt. 实现,使...稠化,使...具体化计算机专业体，物体，机壳，机身，底盘，插座体，(正文)体n. 身体(本文,支柱) vt. 实现(使...稠化,使...具体化)建筑专业n. 基础,底盘,基底,体,岩体,车身经贸专业机关n. 全体农牧林专业n. 立木汽车专业n. 车身商务专业机关石油专业n. 体水利专业n. 本体,主体,物体冶金专业n. 主体,机体医学专业n. 躯体,体中医专业n. 身体,肉体,躯体body 在机械工程方面，表示“壳体、机体；车体、车身”等Automobile external parts (汽车外设)front wheel 前轮rear wheel 后轮tread 轮距chassis 底盘bodywork, body 车身rear window 后窗玻璃windscreen 挡风玻璃(美作:windshield) windscreen wiper 风档刮水器,风档雨雪刷(美作:windshield wiper)fender, wing, mudguard 挡泥板radiator grille 水箱wing mirror 后视镜bonnet 发动机盖(美作:hood)boot 行李箱(美作:trunk)roof rack, luggage rack 行李架license plate, number plate 车号牌wing 前翼子板hubcap 轮毂罩bumper 保险杠front blinker 前信号灯taillight, tail lamp 尾灯backup light, reversing light 倒车灯stoplight, stop lamp 刹车灯rear blinker 转弯指示灯trunk, boot 行李箱bumper 保险杠tailpipe 排气管work n. 工作, 劳动, 操作, 职业, [物]功, 手工, 作品, 机件v. (使)工作, (使)运转, 起作用, 造成, 产生, 经营, (使)渐渐移动, 煅制机械专业n. 著作,功船舶专业n. 工作,功n. 劳动地质专业n. 功,工作电力专业n. 功,工作,操作电信专业n. 功,工作法律专业n. 工作,著者,著作,作品,作业v. 劳动航海专业n. 工作航空专业n. 工作,劳动产品n. 工作,运行化学专业n. 工作,劳动,操作,加工,著作,制品vt. 工作,加工,研究,证实,劳动,运行会计专业工件,运转计算机专业工作；功n. 工作(劳动,操作vt. 工作(加工,研究经贸专业工件n. 工作能源专业n. 功,工程农牧林专业n. 工作汽车专业n. 工作,加工,工厂,著作,功,工作商务专业工件石油专业n. 工作n. 功水利专业n. 工作,功,工件冶金专业n. 工作,功医学专业n. 工作,功中医专业n. 工作normal “正常”、“法线”(数学)、“当量”(化学) power “幂”(数学)、“电力，电源”(电学)、“动力”(机械学)Specifically Concentrated Meaning日常英语“动词+副词”，如come off, do for, make up 等，这类短语动词往往不止一种含义，而且常常难以确定，在科技论文中，应用意义比较明确的单个动词来代替，这类动词较“正规”，学术气氛较强，简洁，用起来方便如：absorb take indiscover look attransmit pass onreciprocate move backwards and forwards in a straight line常见动词(effective verbs)：indicate, show, illustrate, demonstrate, review, report, outline, describe, explain, verify, prove, confirm, define, determine, enumerate, compare, contrast, investigate, develop, conclude,Highly Proportional Latin & Greek Words最普通英语单词中，46%直接或间接来源于拉丁语，7.2%来源于希腊语，科技词汇中这个比率会更高。
Analysis, stimulus, focus, automation, formula, antenna, nucleus, radius, symposium, thesis, micro-, hydro-, auto-, multi-, -ion, -graph, -logy, -tudeUsually Used Compound Words由两个或两个以上的词(有时其中用连字符“-”)联合在一起的词称复合词。
使用复合词来表示事物的特征、性质、数量、大小、程度等概念和意义。
一般，复合词的核心是最后一个词。
复合名词emitter region, magnetic field, speedometer, horsepower, blueprint, wavelength, engine noise, higher-than-average复合形容词dust-free, water-proof, three-phase, cross-sectional, biophysical, wire wound, newly-designed, radio-active复合动词white wash, trial-produce, overcharge, self-design, underline, heat treat, short-circuit, electro-plate, induction hardenFrequently Encounter Contracted WordsC( C) = degree of centigrade mech=mechanics radar=radio detecting and rangingLaser=light amplification by stimulated emission of radiationSonar=sound navigation and rangingPixel=picture elemente.g. (例如)，cit. (在上述引文中)，i.e. (就是)，vs. (与...相对)，ibid. (出处相同)，etc. (等等)，ca. (关于)，et al. (等人)，shv. (在该字下)，viz.(即，就是)，vo.(左页，封底)，et seq.(以及下列等等)。