❖ Northern Ireland ❖ Numerous smaller islands
Location and territory
Location of the UK:
The mainland areas lie between ▪ latitudes 49°N and 61°N and ▪ longitudes 8°W to 2°E
London Eye
Major Cities—Edinburgh
❖ Capital of Scotland ❖ administrative, financial, legal, medical and
insurance center of Scotland ❖ beautiful scenery ❖ renowned architecture
St. Paul's Cathedral
Landmarks & Symbols of London
Hyde Park
Tower of London
Landmarks & Symbols of London
Buckingham Palace
Tower Bridge
Landmarks & Symbols of London
Cardiff City Hall
Landmarks & Symbols of Cardiff
Millennium Stadium
Cardiff Castle
Major Cities—Belfast
❖ the second largest city ❖ capital of Northern Ireland ❖ an important historic city
Hwæt! We Gar-Dena þeodcyninga, hu ða æþelingas Oft Scyld Scefing
in geardagum, þrym gefrunon,
ellen fremedon. sceaþena þreatum
2. Middle English (11th ~ 15th )
2. Climate
Main characteristics:
Temperate, with warm summers, cold winters and plenty rainfall
Three major features:
❖ Winter fog ❖ Rainy days ❖ Instability/changeability
1. Old English (5th ~ 11th)
Language of Angle-axonsInfluenced by
▪ Old Norse ▪ Latin and Greek words ▪ Danish words
Beowulf
The most famous work from the Old English period is the epic poem ”Beowulf” (approximately AD 900)
Rivers and Lakes
❖ The longest river: Severn River (354 kilometers long) ❖ The second longest river: Thames (332 kilometers long) ❖ The largest Lake: Lough Neagh
of total
85.7% 1.2% 5.3% 1.2% 1.8% 1.3% 0.5% 0.4% 1.0% 0.8% 0.2% 0.4% 0.4%
III The English Language
❖ 1. Old English ❖ 2. Middle English ❖ 3. Modern English ❖ 4. Standard English
For oft, when on my couch I lie In vacant or in pensive mood, They flash upon that inward eye Which is the bliss of solitude; And then my heart with pleasure fills, And dances with the daffodils.
Ben Nevis in Scotland — the highest point in UK
Wales: It’s mostly mountainous. South Wales is less mountainous
than North and Mid Wales.
Northern Ireland: It’s mostly hilly.
centers.
The River Thames
Landmarks & Symbols of London
The palace of Westminster
Landmarks & Symbols of London
Big Ben
Westminster Abbey
Landmarks & Symbols of London
Landmarks & Symbols of Edinburgh
Edinburgh Castle
Palace of Holyrood
Major Cities—Cardiff
❖ Europe's youngest capital city
❖ has been the capital city of Wales for around 50 years
❖ home to an enormous amount of urban regeneration and restoration
❖ has recently become one of the most fashionable cities in the United Kingdom.
Landmarks & Symbols of Cardiff
Total territory: 242,910 square kilometers
Interesting Fact: No one in the UK lives more than 120 km (75 miles) from the sea.
Topography
England: it consists of lowland terrain, with some mountainous
City Hall
Landmarks & Symbols of Belfast
Belfast Castle
II People
Overall population: over 60 millions
Distribution:
❖ England: about 50 million ❖ Scotland:over 5 million ❖ Wales: around 3 million ❖ Northern Ireland: about 1.7million
❖ The Irish people were also Celtic in origin ❖ immigrants
Percentage of total UK Population
Ethinc Groups
❖ White British ❖ White Irish ❖ White (other) ❖ Mixed race ❖ Indian ❖ Pakistani ❖ Bengali ❖ Other Asian (non-Chinese) ❖ Black Caribbean ❖ Black African ❖ Black (others) ❖ Chinese ❖ Other
LOGO
Chapter One
Geography, People and Language
Contents
I
Geography
II
People
III
The English Language
I Geography
❖ 1. Geographical Feature ❖ 2. Climate ❖ 3. Major Cities
3. Major Cities — London
❖ the capital of England and of Great Britain ❖ the political center of the Commonwealth ❖ a major port ❖ one of the world's leading banking and financial
Status
French replaced English as the official language, and English became the Language of lower class ▪ big — pork ▪ sheep — mutton ▪ cattle — beef
Thames
Lake District
Lake poets
"I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud" ---William Wordsworth
I wandered lonely as a cloud That floats on high o'er vales and hills, When all at once I saw a crowd, A host, of golden daffodils; Beside the lake, beneath the trees, Fluttering and dancing in the breeze. Continuous as the stars that shine And twinkle on the milky way, They stretched in never-ending line Along the margin of a bay: Ten thousand saw I at a glance, Tossing their heads in sprightly dance.