E x e r c i s e 1一、Make choice of whether the following bills are acceptable or not.Mark X before acceptable or unacceptable you chose.(1) A bill shows: pay to ABC Co. providing the goods in compliancewith contract the sum of one thousand US Dollars. It is ☐acceptable/ ⌧unacceptable.(2) A bill shows: pay to ABC Co. the sum of ten thousand US dollarson condition that shipment of goods has been made. It is ☐acceptable/ ⌧unacceptable.(3) A bill shows: On demand pay to the order of ABC Co. the sum oftwenty thousand US dollars drawn against shipment of 10bales cottonpiece goods from Tianjin to London. It is ⌧acceptable /☐unacceptable.(4) A bill shows: pay to ABC Co. out of proceeds of sale of woollenblankets the sum of one thousand US dollars. It is ☐ acceptable /⌧unacceptable.(5) A bill shows: pay from our No. 2 account to ABC Co. the sum ofone thousand US dollars. It is ☐ acceptable /⌧unacceptable.(6) A bill shows: pay to ABC Co. or order the sum of one thousand poundsand debit our No. 2 account. It is ⌧ acceptable / ☐unacceptable.(7) A bill shows :after customs clearance pay to the order of ABC Co.the sum of twenty thousand US dollars. It is ☐acceptable /⌧unacceptable.(8) A bill shows: pay to Mary the sum of fifty pounds and give hera suit of clothes. It is ☐ acceptable /⌧unacceptable.(9) A bill shows: pay to the order of ABC Co. the sum of one thousandpounds plus interest. It is ☐ acceptable /⌧unacceptable.二、(1) A bill is payable at XX days after sight, what date is theday from which time of payment begins to run?The date of acceptance(2)A bill is payable at XX days after date, what date is the day fromwhich time of payment begins to run?The date of issuing(3) The maturity of one month after 31 Jan. is28 Feb(4) The maturity of 180 days after 4 April is 1 Oct(5) The maturity of 180 days from 6 Nov.1999 is 3 May. 2000三、Fill in the following blank forms to draw a bill of exchange. The billincludes the requisite items as follows:(1) date: 22 May,200Xamount: GBP21,787.00tenor: at 90 days after sightdrawer: China National Animal By products Imp.& Exp. Corp, Beijing Branch, Beijingdrawee: Bank of Atlantic, Londonpayee: the Order of China National Animal By product Imp.& Exp.Corp, Beijing Branch(2) date: 23 July,2000amount: USD 35,461.50tenor: on 31 Oct, 2000 fixeddarwer: George Anderson Inc, New Yorkdrawee: Irving Trust Company, New Yorkpayee: Brown and Thomas Inc. or orderdrawn against shipment of cotton form Australia to St. Louis.四、Please answer, fill the blank in or made choice of the following question.(1) Prefer to the above bill, the holder i.e. Bank of Australia has the right transferring it to other person, or the right of presentment for acceptance and/or claim for payment to The Import Co. Melbourne. If the latter refuses to pay, the holder has the right of recourse against the Exporting Co. London(2) The payee’s London Office wishes to transfer the bill to Bank of New Zealand, Auckland, please make a restrictive endorsement.Pay to Bank of New Zealand, Auckland onlyFor Bank of Australiasignature(3) Please make a blank endorsement.For Bank of Australiasignature(4) Having made an endorsement in blank, the holder send the bill to Bank of New Zealand, Auckland who wishes to convert this blank endorsement into a special endorsement to themselves. Please make this special endorsement.Pay to the order of Bank of New Zealand, Auckland onlyFor Bank of Australia, LondonSignature(5) If the condition is “on delivery of B/L No. 125”, please makea conditional endorsement.Pay to Bank of Australia or order on delivery of B/L No. 125For Bank of Australia, LondonSignature(6) If payee’s London office wishes to send the bill to theirMelbourne office forcollection, please make an endorsement for collection.Pay to the order of Bank of Australia Melbourne office only forcollectionFor Bank of Australia, LondonSignature(7) Refer to the above bill, a banker designated as payer is Bank ofMelbourne, Melbourne. Date of acceptance is 10 April, 200X. Please make acceptance of such bill indicating its maturity.Accepted10 April, 200X9 June, 200XPayable at Bank of Melbourne, MelbourneFor the Importing Co.Signature五、Choose the best answer to each of the following questionsCCCBCBBAExercise 2P1ease answer,fill the blank in or make choice of thefollowing questions.1、There are four parties in a remittance,i.e. (1) remitter (2) payee(3) remitting bank and (4) paying bank2、Remittance through a bank from one country to another mayusually be made by one of the following methods:(1) Telegraphic Transfer (2) Mail Transfer (3) Banker’s Demand Draft3、(1)Payment in advance which is adopted in international trade isusually effected by remittance,and is advantageous to(×exporter/□importer).(2)Payment after arrival of goods which is adopted ininternational trade is usually effected by remittance too ,and is advantageous to (□exporter/×importer).(3)Payment after arrival of goods include two types of goods forsale,namely①Goods Sold②Consignment .4、Financial documents mean bills of exchange,promissory notes,cheques.Commercial documents mean invoices,transportdocuments,documents of title or other similar documents.5、C1ean collection means collection of financial documents notaccompanied by commercial documents6、Documentary collection means collection of(1)Financial documents accompanied by commercial documents,or (2)commercial documents not accompaniedby financial documents .7、How many parties are there in a collection ?(1) Principal (or seller)(2) Remitting Bank(3) Collecting bank (4) Drawee(or buyer)8、Terms of delivery of documents are as follows:(1)Delivery of documents against payment,its abbreviationis D/P .(2)Delivery of documents against acceptance,its abbreviationis D/A .9、(1)The remitting bank has maintained an account with the collecting bank,how do you write collecting proceeds instructions in the collection instruction . When collected please credit our account with you under your cable/airmail advice to us(2)The Collecting bank has maintained an account with theremitting bank,how do you write co11ecting proceedsinstructions in the collection instruction?Please collect the proceeds and authorize us by cable/airmail debit your accountwith us10、Remitting bank:Bank of China,TianjinPaying bank:Bank of China,LuxemburgDate of cable:9 JuneTest:2563Ref No.208TT0219Amount:USD l,660.00Payee:Marie Clauda Dumont,LuxemburgAccount No.0—164/7295/550 withBanque International du LuxemburgMessage:PayrollRemitter:Crystal Palace Hotel,TianjinCover:Debit our H.O. accountFM: BANK OF CHINA ,TIANJINTO:BANK OF CHINA ,LUXEMBURGDATE: 9 JUNETEST 2563 OUR.REF 208TT0219NOT ANY CHARGES FOR USPAY USD 1660.00TO BANQUE INTERNATIONAL DU LUXEMBURGFOR CREDITING ACCOUT NO. 0-164/7295/550OF MARIE CLAUDA DUMONT ,LUXEMBURGMESSAGE PAYROLLORDER CRYSTAL PALACE HOTEL ,TIANJINCOVER DEBIT OUR H.O. ACCOUNT11、MT100 CUSTOMER TRANSFER DATE:031206SENT TO:BKCHCNBJ200BANK OF CHINA,TIANJIN:FM:04HSBCHK25264HONG KONG AND SHANGHAI BANKING CORPORATION,HONGKONG:20:TRN:TT-HKH315064BACP:32A:VALUE DATE/CUR CODE/AMTDATE:031206 CURRENCY CODE:CNY AMDUNT:6,859.58:50:ORDERING CUSTOMER:ARTHUR ANDERSEN AND CO.:57s:“ACOOUNT WITH”BANK:BANK OF CHINA,TIANJIN BR. TIANJIN,CHINA :59:BENEFICIARY CUSTOMERTIANJIN INTERNATIONAL TAXATION CONSULT1NG BUREAU :70:DETAILS OF PAYMENT:PAYMENT TO RENT AND TAX FOR NOV.2003:71A:DETAILS OF CHARGES:BENEFICIARY:72:BANK TO BANK INFORMATION:IN COVER SETTLE THRU OUR CNY A/C 111—01081WITHYOUR BEIJING HEAD OFFICEIn accordance with above SWIFT Message Type l00 please write a cable text of remittance.DATE; 6TH DEC,2003TO:BANK OF CHINA, TIANJIN BR TIANJIN CHINAFM: HONGKONG AND SHANGHAI BANKING CORPORATION,HONGKONGTION,HONGKONGOUR.REF: TT-HKH315064BACP VALUE DATE 6 DEC 1998CNY 6859.58ORDERING ARTHUR ANDERSEN AND CO.ACCOUNT WITH BANKBANK OF CHINA, TIANJIN BRANCH TIANJIN BENEFICIARY TIANJININTERNATIONAL TAXATION CONSULTING, BUREAU DETAILS OF PAYMENTPAYMENT OF RENT AND TAX FOR NOV.1998 DETAILS OF CHARGESBENEFICIARY IN COVER SETELE THRU OUR CNY A/C 111-01081 WITHYOU BEIJING HEAD OFFIC12、Draft NO.20060613Amount:HKD32,150.00Place and date of draft:Tianjin,8 May,200XPaying bank:Bank of China,HongKongPayee:the order of United Trading Company,HongKongPay against this draft to the debit of our accountRemitting bank:Bank of China,TianjinRemitter:China-National Light Industrial Products Imp.&Exp.Corp.,Tianjin Branch,TianjinP1ease draw a demand draft to make remittance by D/D .13、(1)China National Instruments Imp.&Exp.Corp.,Tianjin Branch,Tianjin (principa1) wishes to issue a draft dated 14 Ju1y,200X drawn on Continental Co. , 46 Rue de Ancient,Paris (drawee) at sight for USDl,200.00 payable to the order of Bank of China,Tianjin (remitting bank) which will make a special endorsement to Banque of Paris ,Paris. marked “Drawn against shipment of 20 sets of transistors shipped per s.s.Chenghau from Tianjin to Le Harve for collection.”P1ease draw a draft to meet the above requirements.(2)The principa1 presents an application for collection accompanied by draft and documents to the remitting bank for collection.An application for collection shows as follows:Commercial documents surrendered are below:B/L in triplicateInvoice in triplicateInsurance policy in duplicatecertificate of origin in duplicatepacking list induplicateCo11ection instructions are given below:deliver documents against paymentremit the proceeds by airmailairmail advice of paymentcollection charges outside China from drawee,waive if refused by him.airmail advice of non-payment with reasonsprotest waivedWhen collected,please credit proceeds to principal’s account with remitting bank.Remitting bank complete a collection instruction in accordance with principal’s application to add other requirements as follows:Ref.No.OC2576459Date:15 July,200XPlease co11ect and remit proceeds to Bank of China,New York for credit of our account with them under their advice to us.Please produce a collection instructionattaching draft and documents to be forwarded to the co11ecting bank,Banque of Paris,Paris.(COLLECTION INSTRUCTION)Exercise 3Please answer,fill the blank in or make choice of the fo1lowing questions.1、Here is the simple definition of letter of credit:In simple terms,a letter of credit is a conditional bank promise /undertakingof payment.2、There exists a triangular contractual arrangement under a documentary credit operation:(1) Firstly,the sales contract between beneficiary and applicant.(2) Secondly,the applicant between applicant and issuing bank.(3) Thirdly,the documentary credit between issuing bank and beneficiary.3、A credit stipulated that quantity of goods,grade A 60%,quantity of goods,grade B 40%.Beneficiary presented invoices being evidenced grade A 40%,grade B 60% which were in accordance with sales contract as he said that the credit has stipulated erroneously .(1) □ The above invoice is acceptable.(2) The above invoice is not acceptable.4、How many parties are there in a documentary credit?(1) the issuing bank(2 ) the applicant if any(3) the beneficiary5、The advising bank’s liability is to check the apparent authenticity of the credit.6、All credit must stipulated an expiry date for presentation for payment .7、If the amount is preceded by “about”, “approximately”or “circa”, the credit will allow the 10% tolerance.8、In the absence of indicating the nature of a credit,it shall be deemed to be irrevocable9、Under an irrevocable credit,the issuing bank must undertake primary liability for payment .10、What is the essence of an irrevocable documentary credit?The essence of an irrevocable documentary credit is that“an irrevocable credit can neither be amended nor cancelled without the agreement of the issuing bank,the confirming bank (if any)and the beneficiary”.11、A credit should not be issued available by draft(s) on the applicant.If the credit nevertheless calls for draft on the applicant, banks will consider such draft(s) as an additional documents12、An issuing bank’s undertaking clause is as follows:We hereby undertake to pay at sight against draft and/or documents presented to our office in conformity with terms of credit.Who undertakes the primary liability? Issuing bank13、A bank confirms a credit,it will usually write a clause as follows: We hereby add our confirmation to the credit and undertake to honour drafts and documents inconformity with the terms of the credit upon presentation themto us14、A credit is issued by Bank of China,Tianjin and confirmed by Bank of China,London.It constitutes the payment undertaking of(1)口one bank only.(2)⌧above two banks.15、Put ╳ in relative check box of the following sentences or fill the blanks to issue an irrevocable unconfirmed documentary credit which is to expire on or before 30 June,200X and is available with the advising bank,the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China , Shanghai by deferred payment at30 days after presentation of documents against the documents .(1) In Irrevocable Documentary Credit Form(Advice for the advising bank)We request you to advice beneficiary:①⌧without adding your confirmation.②口adding your confirmation.③口adding your confirmation if requested by the beneficiary .(2) In Notification of Irrevocable Documentary Credit Form①⌧This notification and the enclosed advice are sent to you without any engagement on our part.②口As requested by the issuing bank,we hereby add our confirmation to this credit in accordance with the stipulations under UCP500 .(3) In Irrevocable Documentary Credit Form(Advice for the beneficiary)Expiry date and place for presentation of documentsexpiry date: 30 June,200Xplace for presentation: Shanghaicredit available with the Industrial andCommercial Bank of China①口by payment at sight②⌧by deferred payment at 30 days after presentation of documents③口by acceptance of draft(s) at④口by negotiationagainst the documents detailed herein⑤⌧and beneficiary's draft(s) drawn onthe Industrial and Commercial Bank of China16、Put X in relative check box of the following sentences or fill the blanks to issue an irrevocable credit which is to expire on or before 30 June,200X and is available with the issuing bank,Dresdner Bank, Hamburg by acceptance of draft(s) at 90 days sight.In Irrevocable Documentary Credit Form (Advice for the beneficiary) Expiry date and place for presentation of documentsexpiry date:30 June,200Xplace for presentation: Hamburgcredit available with Hamburg①口by payment at sight②口by deferred payment at③⌧by acceptance of draft(s) at 90 days sight.④口by negotiationagainst the documents detailed herein⑤⌧and beneficiary’s draft(s) drawn on Dresdner Bank17、An irrevocable negotiation (with the advising bank)documentary credit will expire on 29 May,200X.at:①口(place of issuing bank)/②⌧(place of advising bank)/③口(place of other bank)available with:name and place of/④口(issuing bark)/⑤⌧(advising bank)/⑥口(other bank)by:⑦口(sight payment)/⑧口(deferred payment at)/⑨口(acceptance of draft at)/⑩⌧negotiationagainst the documents detailed herein⌧and beneficiary's draft(s) drawn on name and place of/口(issuingbank)/口(advising bank)18、A new transferable credit maybe opened at the request of the first beneficiary by the transferring bank in accordance with all terms and conditions of original credit except that① the applicant may be changed by the first beneficiary② the credit amount and unit price maybe reduced③ the shipment and expiry dates and latest date for presentation of documents maybe shortened④ the percentage of insurance cover maybe increase⑤ the original transferable credit allows the first beneficiary to substitute hisinvoice and draft for those presented by the second beneficiary19、Who makes first presentation of documents to the nominated bank undera transferable credit?①口The first beneficiary.② The second beneficiary.③口The middleman.20、SWIFT MT700 and MT 701 are used for issue of a documentary credit.SWIFT MT 707 issued for amendment to a documentary credit.21~30 BBCBC CCDAD31、Please fill with the following terms into a SWIFT MT700 form to issuea documentary credit:ADVISING BANK: BANKOF ASIA,SHENZHEN BRANCHNO.68 SHEN NNAN ROAD,CENTRAL,SHENZHEN 518043,GUANGDONGDOCUMENARY CREDIT NUMBERE-0l-N-04939ISSUING BANK: BANKOF ASIA,HKBENEFICIARY:SHENZHEN BUILDING MATERIALSINDUSTRY (GROUP) CO STONEDEPARTMENT l0/F BUILDING MATERIALSBLDG,28 SHENNAN ZHONG RD.SHENZHEN ,CHINAACCOUNT NO.6251420110002APPLICANT:NEWTOWER DEVELOPMENT LIMITEDROOM 2504-5 CAUSEWAY BAY PLAZA489 HENNESSY ROAD,CAUSEWAY BAY,HONGKONGCUR AMOUNT :USD34,800.00DRAFTS AT SIGHTQUOTING NO.AND DATE OF THIS LC ANDNAME OF LC ISSUING BANKDRAWEE :ISSUING BANK FOR FULL INVOICE VALUE+FULL SET OF CLEAN ON BOARDOCEAN BILLS OF LADINGMADE OUT TO ORDER OF BANK OF ASIA,HO,HONGKONGMARKED FREIGHT PREEPAID AND NOTIFYNEWTOWER DEVELOPMENT LIMITEDROOM 2504-5CAUSEWAY BAY PLAZA 489 HENNESSY ROAD,+SIGNED COMERRCIAL INVOICE+MARINE INSURANCE POLICY OR CERTIFICATE ENDORSEDIN BLANKBY THE ASSURED FOR AT LEAST 110% OF THE CIF VALUECOVERING F.P.A.AS PER OCEAN MARINE CARGOCLAUSES (1/1/1981) OF PICC SHOWING CLAIMSPAYABLE ATDESTINATION IN THE SAME CURRENCY AS DN.INSURANCE TOINCLUDE THE RISKS OF JETTISION AND WASHING OVER BOARD IN CASE OF SHIPMENT BY CONTAINER+PANKING LIST+BENEFICIARY’S CERTIFICATE ADDRESSED TOISSUING BANKCONFIRMING THEIR ACCEPTANCEAND/OR NON-ACCEPTANCEOF ALL THE AMENNDMENT MADE UNDER THIS CREDIT QUOTING THE REVALENT AMENDMENT NUMBER.IF THIS CREDIT HAS NOT BEEN AMENDED,SUCH CERTIFICATE IS NOT REQUIED.INSTRUCTIONS TO THE PAYING /ACCEPTING / NEGOTIATINGBANK:+EACH DRAWING BE ENDORSED ON THERERSE BY PRESENTING BANK+ALL DOCUMENTS TO BE DESPACHEDTO ISSUING BANKIN ONE LOT BY FIRST AVAILABLE AIRMAIL+ON RECEIPT OF DOCUMENTS CONFORMlNG TOTHE TERMS OF THIS DOCUMENTARY CREDIT WE SHALLREIMBURS YOU INACCORDANCE WITH YOUR INSTRUCTIONSSWIFT MT 700 FORMDATE:X X/04/20FORM:(1) BANKOF ASIA ,HKTO: (2) BANKOF ASIA,SHENZHEN BRANCHNO.68 SHEN NNAN ROADCENTRAL,SHENZHEN 518043,GUANGDONGTEST 71-3315MT 700/ISSUE OF A DOCUMENTARY CREDIT:27/SEQUENCE OF TOTAL:1/1:40A/FORM OF DOCUMENTARY CREDIT:IRREVOCABLE:20/(3) DOCUMENARY CREDIT NUMBERE-0l-N-04939:31C/DATE OF ISSURE (YYMMDD) X X/04/20:31D/DATE AND PLACE OF EXPIRE (DATE IN YYMMDD) :XX0615 IN BENEFICIARY’S COUNTARY:50/(4) APPLICANT : NEWTOWER DEVELOPMENT LIMITEDROOM 2504-5 CAUSEWAY BAY PLAZA489 HENNESSY ROAD,CAUSEWAY BAY,HONGKONG:59/(5) BENEFICIARY SHENZHEN BUILDING MATERIALSINDUSTRY (GROUP) CO STONE DEPARTMENT l0/F BUILDING MATERIALSBLDG,28 SHENNAN ZHONG RDSHENZHEN ,CHINA:32B/(6) CUR AMOUNT USD34,800.00:41A/AVAILABLE WTIHBANKOFASIASHENZHEN BRANCHBY NEGOTIATION:42C/(7) DRAFTS AT SIGHT QUOTING NO.AND DATE OF THIS LC ANDNAME OF LC ISSUING BANK:42D (8) DRAWEE ISSUING BANK FOR FULL INVOICE VALUE:43T/PARTIAL SHIPEMTS:ALLOWED:43T/TRANSHIPMENT: ALLOWED:44A/LOADING ON BOARD/DISPATCH/TAKING IN CHARGE AT/FROM:CHINESE PORT:44B/FOR TRANSPORTATION TO:HONGKONG:44C/LATEST DATE OF SHIPMENT(YYMMDD):XX0531:45A/DESCRIPION OF GOOS AND/OR SERVICES:1200 SQ.M.OF PINK POLISHED GRANITE TILESAT USD29.00/SQ.M.CIF HONGKONG:46A/DOCUMENTS REQUIRED:(AT LEAST IN DUPLICATE卫UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED)(9) + SIGNED COMERRCIAL INVOICE + FULL SET OF CLEAN ON BOARDOCEAN BILLS OF LADINGMADE OUT TO ORDER OF BANK OF ASIA,HO,HONGKONGMARKED FREIGHT PREEPAID AND NOTIFYNEWTOWER DEVELOPMENT LIMITEDROOM 2504-5CAUSEWAY BAY PLAZA 489 HENNESSY ROAD + MARINE INSURANCE POLICY OR CERTIFICATE ENDORSEDIN BLANKBY THE ASSURED FOR AT LEAST 110% OF THE CIF VALUE COVERING F.P.A.AS PER OCEAN MARINE CARGO CLAUSES (1/1/1981) OF PICC SHOWING CLAIMSPAYABLE ATDESTINATION IN THE SAME CURRENCY AS DN.INSURANCE TOINCLUDE THE RISKS OF JETTISION AND WASHING OVER BOARD INCASE OF SHIPMENT BY CONTAINER+ PANKING LIST + BENEFICIARY’S CERTIFICATE ADDRESSED TOISSUING BANKCONFIRMING THEIR ACCEPTANCEAND/OR NON-ACCEPTANCEOF ALL THE AMENNDMENT MADE UNDER THIS CREDIT QUOTING THEREVALENT AMENDMENT NUMBERIF THIS CREDIT HAS NOT BEEN AMENDED,SUCH CERTIFICATE IS NOT REQUIED.INSTRUCTIONS TO THE PAYING /ACCEPTING / NEGOTIATING:47A/ADDITIONAL CONDITIONS:+ CREDIT AMOUNT AND SHIPMENT QUANTITY 5%MORE OR LESS+ DOCUMENTS MUST BE PRESENTED WITHIN 15 DAYS AFTER THE DATE OF SHIPMENT BUT WITHIN THE VALIDITY OF THE CREDIT+ DOCUMENTS MUST BE PRESEVTED TO CREDIT ISSUING BANK (ADDRESS-20 PEDDER ST CENTRAL H.K.ATTN.INWARD BIILS DEPARTMENT) THOUGHBANK OF ASIA,SHENZHEN BRANCH+ A DISCREPANCY FEE OF USD30.00 (OR EQUIVA LENT) AND THERELATIVE CABLE CHARGES FOR ADVISING DISCREPANCY TONEGOTIATING/PRESENTING BANK ARE PAYABLE BY BENEFICIARY AND SHALL BE DEDUCTED FROM THE PROCEEDS FOR EACH PRESENTATION OFDISCREPANT DOCUMNTS UNDER THIS DOCUMENTARY CREDIT :71B/CHARGES:ALL BANKING CHARGES OUTSIDE HONGKONGINCLUDING REIMBURSING CHARGESARE FOR ACOOUNT OF BENEFICIARY:49/CONFIRMATION INSTRUCTIONS:WITHOUT:78/(10)INSTRUCTIONS TO THE PAYING /ACCEPTING / NEGOTIATING BANK + EACH DRAWING BE ENDORSED ON THERERSE BY PRESENTING BANK+ ALL DOCUMENTS TO BE DESPACHEDTO ISSUING BANKIN ONE LOT BY FIRST AVAILABLE AIRMAIL+ ON RECEIPT OF DOCUMENTS CONFORMlNG TO THE TERMS OF THIS DOCUMENTARY CREDIT WE SHALLREIMBURS YOU INACCORDANCE WITH YOUR INSTRUCTIONS:72/SENDER TO RECEIVER INFORMATION:SUBJECT TO UCP (1993 REVISION) ICC PUBLICATION NO.500THIS IS THE OPERATIVE INSTRUMENTNO MAIL CONFIRMATION WILL FOLLOWNNNN二、Decide whether the following statements are true or false.T F T F F。