知识创造财富！英语成就未来!Creating Wealth and Achieving a Better Future with English!EnergyBC3-S12Problem-solvingSS listen to two problems being discussed, look at the language of problem-solving and role-play a problem-solving scenario.Writing: Proposal writing '. ,SS look at the structure of proposals and use linking expressions for writing proposals in context. Energy saving at SupersunSS look at the problems of energy cost at a supermarket chain and make proposals for savings. Business briefThere has been an enormous increase in the demand for energy since the mid-20th century as a result of industrial development and population growth. According to The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI),the world's population has more than tripled in the last 150 years, while per capita use of industrial energy has increased about 20-fold. About 15% of the world's population living in the wealthy industrialized nations consume over half the energy used in the world. The number of cars and other motor vehicles has more than doubled since 1970. It is now widely acknowledged by industry experts that the energy market is already operating at close to full capacity as a result of surging economic growth in China and India. Volatile energy costs are also pushing up the prices of petrol and products.Until recently, the main primary sources of energy in developed countries have been oil and coal. There are many environmental problems associated with fossil fuels, primarily the emission of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gas emissions which are contributing to the destruction of the ozone layer and global warming. Adding to that, fossil fuels are non-renewable energy sources. Oil and coal supplies are soon expected to be exhausted, although there are no reliable figures on how soon supplies will run out. Nowadays, the demand for natural gas - the cleanest fossil fuel - is increasing, and it now plays a key role in the energy policies of many industrialised countries, because it is an environmentally friendly alternative. Most of the new power stations developed around the world are gas-fired. In the UK, for example, the displacement of coal by gas in power generation helped the country more than meet its emissions reduction commitment as part of the Kyoto Agreement.While previously gas reserves were often too far away to bring to markets, liquefied natural gas (LNG) and gas-to-liquids technologies have virtually eliminated mobility as a problem. According to the International Energy Administration (IEA), natural gas accounts for 22% of the world energy supply, and its share is growing significantly. Demand for LNG is rising so fast that by2020to2025,it may overtake oil as the world’s primaryfuel.Nuclear energy can also produce power on a large scale without burning fossil fuel. Some countries, such as France, depend heavily on nuclear power, as it is a locally produced source of energy that crucially doesn't depend on imports from other countries, although most green lobbyists are opposed to nuclear power because of the potential risks.The overall efficiency of energy production remains extremely low: on average, more than 90% of energy consumed is lost or wasted in the process of conversion from raw materials such as coal to the final energy service, such as electricity. The main problem isn't that we use energy, but how we produceand consume energy resources. Conserving energy has become the need of the day, be it in the transport, household or industrial sectors.Alternative energy sources have become important and relevant in today's world, with many companies, such as Ford Motors and British Telecom, now looking at ways to generate their own energy using technologies based on renewable energy sources. Wind, wave and solar power can be replaced rapidly by a natural process and can never be exhausted. At present, though, these renewable energy sources account for no more than about 4% of the world's total electricity consumption, according to a recent report in the Financial Times, with most of this coming from hydro-electric power, a well-established form of renewable energy.Fuel cells have also attracted attention recently as a potentially clean source of energy, harnessing hydrogen, the most abundant element in the universe. Hydrogen fuel cells produce electricity, with water as the main by-product, making them an attractive way of reducing air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. It could become an alternative to fossil fuels in cars and in a wide range of household and industrial applications. However, making hydrogen fuel economically is not at all simple.SS read about moves to develop hydrogen as the energy source of the future.Get SS to look at the photo of the car and ask them if they'd like to have a car like that. Why (not)? Ask them how much petrol a car like that would need. (On average, a small car uses 6-8 litres per 100 kilometres, a large luxury car uses 12-15 litres and the average four-wheel drive uses 20-25 litres.) Get SS to read the extract How 'green' is your car? Deal with any vocabulary questions, e.g. sport in this context is a verb and means 'to wear or have visibly displayed'. Ask SS what the title means (green means 'environmentally friendly'). NB New petrol cars Currently emit 100-170 grams of carbon dioxide a kilometre, but the average four-wheel drive emits more than 185 grams.Get SS to look at the four questions. Deal with any problem words, e.g. petrol-guzzling which means 'using a large amount of petrol in a wasteful way'.Ask SS to discuss the questions in pairs. Go round the room and help where necessary.Get the class together and go through their suggested answers. Ask SS why we will need alternatives to petrol-driven cars. (Because oil supplies are expected to run out in 50-60 years' time. This fact was mentioned by the gas expert in the recording in the previous spread.)Suggested answers1 Heavy marketing, people feel safer in them, status symbol.4 Electric cars, solar-powered cars, hydrogen (see article),people using public transport more, or walking and cycling instead.。