一、词性的分类
词是组成句，篇，章的最基本元素，英语中的单词根据词义、句法作用和形式特征所作的分类，可以归
纳成十种。

英语名称作用例词名词Noun（n.）表示人或事物的名称student学生; China中国代词Pronoun (pron.)用来代替名词、形容词或数词等He他; that那
数词Numeral (num.)表示数量或顺序one一; first第一
形容词Adjective（adj.）
用来修饰名词，表示人或事物的特性、性
质
safe安全; great伟大冠词Article (art.)
用在名词前，帮助说明名词所指的人或事
物
an，a，the 动词Verb (v.)表示人或事物的动作或状态eat吃; have有;run跑
副词Adverb (adv.)
用来修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，表示
动作或形状的特性hard艰苦; here这里；often经常；quickly快速
介词Preposition (prep.)
用在名词、代词等前面，说明句子中词与
词之间的关系under在...下; in在...里；on在…上面
连词Conjunction (conj.)用来连接词、短语或句子and和; but但是
感叹词
Interjection
(interj.)
表示说话时的感情或口气Hello喂; why呃，嘿
在上述十大词类中，名词、代词、形容词、副词、数词、动词等具有明确的意义，可以在句中独立
充当句子成分，称为实义词。

介词、连词和冠词只能起联系或辅助的作用，都不在句子中担任任何成分，称为虚词。

感叹词一般不构成句子的一部分，通常作独立成分。

说出下列单词的词性：restaurant；bus；well; often；because; exercise；hardly；theirs; ah; shop；once；through; time；most；no；active；for；one; about; it; junk; hey; drink; over; health; try; another; ten; classroom; first; a; keep; to; let; yourself
说出下列文中词语的词性：
1. Father: Well, Tom, I asked to your teacher today, and now I want to ask you a question. Who is the laziest person in your class? Tom: I don't know, father. Father: Oh, yes, you do! Think! When other boys and girls are doing and writing, who sits in the class and only watches how other people work? Tom: Our teacher, father.
2. Teacher: Here are two birds, one is a swallow, the other is sparrow. Now who can tell us which is which?
Student: I cannot point out but I know the answer.
Teacher: Please tell us.
Student: The swallow is beside the sparrow and the sparrow is beside the swallow.。