衡水湖自然保护区高等植物名录郑云翔(衡水学院生命科学系,河北衡水053000)摘 要:衡水湖国家级自然保护区地处冀南平原北部,属温带大陆季风气侯区,土壤大体分为潮土和盐土.这种特殊的环境,使得本区植物资源较丰富,经过调查,记录了高等植物种类72科210属321种,发现了中国新记录外来植物黄顶菊.关键词:衡水湖自然保护区;高等植物;名录中图分类号:Q949 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1673-2065(2006)01-0079-05衡水湖国家级自然保护区地处河北省衡水市境内,位于衡水市桃城区西南约10km处,北依桃城区,南靠冀州市区,106国道沿衡水湖穿过,东西向最大宽度20.87km,南北向最大长度18.81km,总面积220.08k m2,其中湖水面积75km2;衡水湖国家级自然保护区处于冀南平原北部,属第四纪冲积平原,本区属温带大陆季风气候区,气候特点是冷暖、干湿差异显著,四季分明,光热资源充沛,雨量集中,灾害天气频繁;土壤大体分为潮土和盐土,湖东岸以中壤质潮土和轻壤质潮土为主,有少量盐化潮土,湖西岸以沙壤质潮土为主,有部分沙壤质轻盐化潮土[1](P1~7);由于特殊的环境,本区植物资源比较丰富,经过近几年的调查,记录了高等植物72科210属321种,其中苔藓植物3科3属3种,蕨类植物1科1属3种,裸子植物1科1属2种,被子植物67科204属313种;并新发现外来植物黄顶菊,为中国区系新记录种.1 苔藓植物[1](P19~22)地钱科:地钱M achanti a poly m orpha L.葫芦藓科:葫芦藓Funariaa hygro m etrica H ed w.丛藓科:小墙藓W eisiop sis ano mala Broth.2 蕨类植物[1](p106~111)木贼科:问荆E quisetum arvense L.节节草Equisetu m ram osissi m u m Des.f木贼E quisetum he m ale L.3 裸子植物柏科:侧柏P l a t y cladus oyientalis Franco.圆柏P latycladus chnensis An.t4 被子植物[2](P71~349)杨柳科:加拿大杨P opulus canadasis L.小叶杨P opu l u s si m onii Carr.毛白杨P opu l u s to m entos a L.垂柳Salix bab y lonica L.筐柳Salix linearisti p ulay is H ao旱柳Salix m ats udana Ko idz.胡桃科:胡桃Jug lans mand s hurica M ax i m.榆科:旱榆Ul m us glaucescens Faranch.桑科:大麻Cannabis sativa L.柘树Cudrania tricus p idata Bur葎草H umu l u s scandens M err.桑M orus au stralis L.蓼科:两栖蓼P olygonum amuphib i u m L.萹蓄P o.aviculare L.柳叶刺蓼Po.bungeanum Turcz.水蓼P o.hydro p iper L.酸模叶蓼pathi f olium L.绵毛酸模叶蓼P pathifo lium var.s alici f oli-um S i b th.第8卷 第1期2006年3月 衡水学院学报Journa l of H engshu iU n i versityV o.l8,N o.1M ar.2006收稿日期:2005-12-22基金项目:河北省教育厅自然科学研究指导计划(2002108);衡水学院科研基金资助课题(2005004).作者简介:郑云翔(1948-),男,河北深州市人,衡水学院生命科学系副教授.习见蓼Po.p lebeium R.B r.西伯利亚蓼Po.sibiricum Lax i m.阿穆尔酸模Rum ex a m urensis F.Schm齿果酸模R..dentatus L.荞麦Fagopyrum esculentum M oench.藜科:西伯利亚滨藜Atri p iex sibirica L.尖头叶Cheno p odium acum inatu m W ill d.藜Ch.albu m L.刺藜Ch.aristatu m L.灰绿藜Ch.g laucum L.小藜Ch.serotinum L.东亚市藜Ch.urbicum L.绳虫实Coris per mum declinatum Seph.软毛虫实C.puberulum Ilji n.烛台虫实C.candel a br um Ilji n.细苞虫实C.stenole p is K itaga w a.地肤K och i a scoparia Schrad..碱地肤K sco paria Schrad.var sieversiana U l b r.扫帚菜K.sco paria f.trichophlla Schinz.猪毛菜Salasola colli n a Pa l.l碱蓬Suaeda g lauca Bge.翅碱蓬S.s alsa Pa l.l苋科:反枝苋Amanrathus retroflexus.l凹头苋A.livi d us L.皱果苋A.viridis L.北美苋A.blitoi d es S.刺苋A.s p inos us L.马齿苋科:马齿苋Portulaca oleracea L.石竹科:卷耳Cerastium arvense L.米瓦罐S lene conoidea L.拟漆姑草Sp ergularia salina J.et C.Pres.l麦蓝菜Vaccaria se g etalis G arcke.睡莲科:芡实E uryaie ferox Salisb.睡莲Nymphaea tetragona Georg.i金鱼草科:金鱼草C era to phy llum de m ers um L.毛茛科:石龙芮R anunculas scelerat u s L.茴茴蒜Ra.chinensis Bge.毛茛Ra.j a ponicum Thunb.小蘖科:日本小蘖B erberis thunbergii DC.罂粟科:地丁草Corydalis bungeana Turcz.角茴香H ypecoum erectum L.十字花科:小油菜B rassica chinensis L.大头菜B.naulorapa Pasq.大白菜B.p ekinensis Rabenh.芜菁B.rapa L.荠菜Ccap sella bursa-pastoris M edic.大叶碎米荠C ardam ine m asrophylla W ill d.离子草Choris p ora tenella DC.播娘蒿D escurainia sophy ia Schur.花旗杆Dontoste m on dentatus Ledeb.小花糖芥Ery si m u m cheiranthoi d es L.华北糖芥Er.m acilentum Bge.独行菜L ep i d i u m ap etalum W illd.涩芥M alcol m ia africana R..Br.诸葛菜Orychophragmus violaceus O.E.Schulz.沼生蔊菜Rori p pa islandica Borbas.球果蔊菜Ro.g lolosa Thell n ug.盐芥Thellungiella s als ug inea O. E.Schu lz.景天科:瓦松Orostachys f i m bri a t u s Berger.悬铃木科:悬铃木P l a t a nus acerlfolla W ill d.蔷薇科:朝天委陵菜P oten tilla s up ine L.桃Punus persica B atsch.红叶李P.salici n a Lind.l杏P.ar m eniana L.榆叶梅P.triloba Lind.l杜梨Pyrus betuli f oli a Bge白梨Pyrus bretschneideri B ehd.月季R os a chinensis I acq.土木香R os a bank siae R.苹果M alus pum ila M il.l豆科:合欢A lbiz i a j u librissin Durazz.直立黄芪A stragalus ad s ur gens Pal.l紫穗槐Am orpha fruticosa L.紫荆C ercis chinensis Bge.扁豆D olichos lablab L.大豆G lycine max M err.野大豆G.soja S ieb.et Zscc.刺果甘G ly cirrh iza palii d i f lor M ax i m.圆果甘草G l.squamu los a Franch.狭叶米口Gueldenstaedtia steno phy lla Bge.米口袋Gu.m ulti f lora Bge.鸡眼草Kumm ero w ia striata Sch i n d.l长萼鸡眼草K u.stipulacea M akino.细梗胡枝子L es p edeza virgata DC.80 衡水学院学报 第8卷紫苜蓿M ed icago falcate L.天蓝苜蓿M.lupuli n a.L黄香草木犀M elilotus off icinalis Desr.草木犀M e.suaveolens Ledeb.细齿草木犀M e.den t a t u s Pers.山绿豆Phaseolus m i n i m us Roxb.菜豆Ph.uvlgaris L.绿豆Ph.rad iat u s L.赤豆Ph.angularis W..f赤小豆Ph.calcaratus Roxb.洋槐Robina p seudoacacia L.毛洋槐Ro.H is p ida L.田青Sesbania cannabi n a Pers.槐Sophora japon ica L.苦参So.flavescens A i.t四籽野豌豆Vicia tetrasper ma M oench.三齿萼野豌豆Vicia bungei Ohw.i饭豆Vigna cy li n drical Skeels.豇豆Vi.sinensis End.l=牛儿苗科:太阳花Erodium stephanianum W ill d.老鹳草G eraniu w ilfordii M ax i m.蒺藜科:蒺藜Tribulus terresteis L.芸香科:花椒Zanthoxy lum beng eanum M ax i m.苦木科:臭椿Ailanthus altissi m a Sw i n g le.楝科:苦楝M elia azedarach L.远志科:远志P ol y gala tenuifolia W ill d.大戟科:铁苋菜A calypha australis L.猫眼草Euphorbia lunulata Bge.乳浆大戟Eu.esula L.地锦Eu.hum ifus a W iilld.漆树科:火炬树R hubs t y phyna Torner.卫矛科:大叶黄杨Euony m us j a ponicus Thunb.明开夜合Eu.bungeanus M ax i m.鼠李科:枣Z izyphus jujuba var.iner m ia R ehd.酸枣Z.jujuba M il.l葡萄科:葡萄Vitis vinifera L.五叶地锦Parthenocissus quiqueloba Planch.锦葵科:苘麻Abu tilon t h eophrasti M ed ic.蜀葵A lthaea rosea L.棉花Goss yp ium h irs utum L.芙蓉葵H ibiscus m oscheu tos L.野西瓜苗H.trionum L.木槿H.syrlacus L.柽柳科:柽柳Tam ari x ch inensis Lour.堇菜科:早开堇菜Viola prionantha Bge.紫花地丁Vi.yedoensis M ak i n o.瑞香科:草瑞香D i a rthron li n i f oli u m Turcz.石榴科:石榴P unica grana t u s L.菱科:格菱Trapa pseudo incisa N aka.i柳叶菜科:小花山桃草G aura paruiflora Doug.l小二仙草科:狐尾藻My riophyllum s p icatum L.轮叶狐尾藻M y.Verticillat u m L.伞形科:芹菜Ap ium graveolens L.蛇床Cn i d i u m m onnieri Cuss.芫荽C oriandrum sativum L.胡萝卜Daucus carota L.var s a tiva DC.茴香F oeniculum vul g are M il.l蓝雪科:二色补血草L i m oniu m bicolor K tze.木犀科:白蜡树F rax inus ch i n ensis Roxb.紫丁香s y ringa ob i a t a Lind.l探春Jas m i n u m f loridum Bge.夹竹桃科:罗布麻Ap ocynu m venet u m L.萝藦科:鹅荣藤Cynanchum chinensi R.地梢瓜Cy.Thesioides K.Schum.雀瓢Cy.Thesiodes var australe Tsiang.萝藦M etap lex is jap onica M akno.杠柳P erip loca sep i u m Bge.旋花科:打碗花Calysteg ia hederace W al.l田旋花C onvolvulus arvensis L.菟丝子Cuscuta chinensis La m.圆叶牵牛Pharbitis Phupurea Vo i g.t裂叶牵牛Pharbitis pur purca V oig.t紫草科:鹤虱Lapula myoso tis M oench.麦家公L ithosper mum arvense L.砂引草M esserschm idia sibirica var.angustior K itag.紫筒草Stenoso lenium saxatica H off m.附地菜Trigonotis peduncularis Benth.马鞭草科:荆条Vite x negundo var.heterophy lla Rehd.唇形科:夏至草Lago p sis s up ine I K-G a.l益母草L eonurus heterophy llus Sw ee.t细叶益母草L e.Sibiricu s L.81第1期 郑云翔 衡水湖自然保护区高等植物名录地笋L eonurus sib iricus L.薄荷M entha hap iocalyx B ri q.雪见草Salvi a p lebeia R.B r.茄科:辣椒Cap isicum frutescens L.曼陀罗Da t u ra stram oni u m L.毛曼陀罗D.innox ia M il.l枸杞Lycium chinensis M il.l番茄Lyco p ersicon esculentum M il.l茄子Solanum m elongena L.龙葵S.nigrum L.青杞S.sep te m longena L.玄参科:柳穿鱼Linaria vu l g aris a m a il.l 泡桐Paulo w nia to m en tos a Stend..地黄R ehmannia g l u tinos a L ibosch.紫葳科:角蒿Incarvillea sinensis La m.狸藻科:狸藻Utricu laria vul g aris L.车前科:大车前P l a ntago asiatica L.车前P.deprss a W ill d.茜草科:猪秧秧G ali u m aparine L.茜草Rubia cor d i f olia L.忍冬科:忍冬lonicera j a ponica Thunb.葫芦科:冬瓜B eni n casa his p i d a Cogn.西瓜C itrullus lanatus M ansfe l d.黄瓜Cucus sativus L.南瓜Cucurbita m oschata Duch.ex Poir.西葫芦Cu.pepo L.葫芦l a genaria siceraria S tand.l栝楼T richos ant h es kirilo w ii M ax i m.菊科:黄花蒿Arti m isis annua L.艾蒿A.argy i Levl.et Van.t茵陈蒿A.cap illaries Thunb.南牡蒿A.erio p oda Bge.小白蒿A.frigida W illd.野艾蒿vandu laefolia DC.青蒿A.ap iacea H ance.阿尔泰紫苑A ster altaicus W illd.小花鬼针草B i d ens parvi f lora W illd.鬼针草B.bi p innat a L.金盏银盘B.biternata M err.大刺儿菜C irsium setos um B ieb.刺儿菜C i.segetum Bge.小飞蓬Conyza Canadensis C ronq.醴肠E clip t a prostra t a L.黄顶菊F laveri a bi d entis(L.)Kuntze.向日葵H eli a nt h us annuus L.菊芋H.deb ilis Nut.t泥胡菜H e m istep t a lyrata Bge.旋复花Inula Britannica var.chinensis Rege.l苦菜Ix eris chenensis N akai苦卖菜I.sonch i f olla H ance全叶马兰K ali m eis integri f olia Turcz.莴苣Lachuca sativa L.蒙山莴苣La.tatarica C.A.风毛菊Sauss urea japonica DC.细叶鸦葱Scorzonera albicaulis Bge.鸦葱Sc.austri a ca W illd.蒙古鸦葱Sc.m ongolica M ax i m.苣荬菜Sonchus brachyo t u s DC.苦苣菜So.oleraceus L.蒲公英Taraxacum m ongolicu m H and-M azz.碱蒲公英T.sinicum K itag.碱苑Tripolium vulgare Nees.苍耳X anthium sibiricum Patri n ex W illd.香蒲科:长苞香蒲Typha orientalis Pres.l香蒲T.angusti f oli a L.小香蒲T.m ini m a Punk.蒙古香蒲T.davidiana H and.东方香蒲T.orientalis Pres.l眼子菜科:眼子菜P otam ogeton d isti n t u s A.穿叶眼子菜P.p erfo liatus L.马来眼子菜P.m alaianus M i q.线叶眼子菜P.pusillus L.菹草p.cris pus L.茨藻科:大茨藻N ajas m arina L.小茨藻N.m inor A l.l水鳖科:黑藻H ydrilla verticillata Roy le禾本科:獐毛草Aeluropus littoralis Parl.var si n ensis Debeaux三芒草Aristida adscension is L.白羊草B othriochioa ische mum K eng雀麦B ro m us j a ponicus Thunb.假苇拂子茅Calam agrostis ep i g ejos Ro th.虎尾草Chloris virgata Sw artz隐花草C ryp sis aculeate A i.t82 衡水学院学报 第8卷狗牙根Cynodon dactylon Pers .马唐D igitari a adscendens H er n.毛马唐D.adscendens var chr y soblephora H ern .双稃草D ip lachne fusca Beauv .稗E chinochloa crus galli B eauv 光头稗E.colonum L i n k .长芒稗E.crus galli var caudate K itag .牛筋草E leusine ind ica G aert n .披硷草E l y m us dahuricus Turez .画眉草Eragrostis p ilosa Beauv .小画眉草E.poaeoides B eauv .牛鞭草H e m arthri a altissi m a Sstap.f大麦H ordeum vul g are L .白茅I mp era t a cy li n drical var .m ajor C .E .H ubb .荻M iscanthus saccharifloru m B enth .芦苇Phragm ites co mm unis T ri n .早熟禾Poa annua L .硬质早熟禾P.s phondylo d es Trin .鹅冠草Roegneria kam oji Ohw.i 狗尾草Set a ria viri d is Beauv .金狗尾草S .glauca H ack .紫穗狗尾草S.viri d is var purpuracens M ax i m .小米S .it a lica B ea llv .高粱Sor ghum vulgare Pers .长芒草S ti p a bungeana Trin .虱子草T ragus berteronianus Schul.t 小麦T riticum aesti v um L .结缕草Zoy sia j a ponica Steud .莎草科:细叶苔草Carex rigescens V.krcz .香附子Cyp erus ro t u ndus L.球穗莎草C.glo m erarus L .碎米莎草C.iria L .复序飘拂草F i m brist y lis b isum bellata Buba ll.i水莎草Juncellus serotinus C .B .C larke 球穗扁莎草Py creus globos us Reichb.扁杆藨草Scir pus p lanicul m is Fr .Schm i d .t 萤蔺S.Junco ises Roxb .水葱S.validus V ah.l 浮萍科:浮萍Le m na m inor L .紫萍L.polyrhiza Schle i d .灯心草科:小灯心草Juncus bufonium L.细叶灯心草J.gracilli m us K recz .百合科:葱Alium fistulos um L .蒜A.sativum L韭菜A.tuberos um Ledeb ..兴安天门冬A s paragus davuricus Fisch .黄花菜H e m erocallis M il.l鸢尾科:德国鸢尾Iris ge m anica L .马蔺Iris tectorum M ax i m .美人蕉科:美人蕉Canna indica L .这些植物中既有水生植物群落,又有湿地和滩涂植物群落;既有盐生、沙生、旱生植物群落,又有中生植物群落,其中包括本地多年种植的农副产品植物.反映了衡水湖湿地植物的多样性.参考文献:[1] 贺士元.河北植物志:第1卷[M ].北京:科学出版社,1983.[2] 贺士元.北京植物检索表[M ].北京:北京出版社,1986.H igher P lant Catalogue of Hengshui Lake Natural R eserveZHENG Yun-x i ang(D epa rt m en t of L ife Science ,H engshu iU n i versity ,H engshu,i H ebe i 053000,Ch i na)Abstrac t :The N ati onalH engshu i Lake N at ura lR ese rve i s located i n the northern part of South P la i n o fH ebe i P rov i nce .It is i n the cl-i m atic zone of temperate Conti nenta lmonsoon .T he so il can be di v ided i n t o w et so il and salt so i.l Th is spec ial env iron m ent m akes th i s a r -ea f u ll o f plant resources .T he i nvesti gation on h i gher plant in the N a tiona lH engshu iL ake N a t ura lR eserve s how s tha t t here are 321spe -cies ,be l ong ing to 210genera ,72fam ilies .A ne w exotic p l ant ,Flaveria b i dentis K untzeis reported as a ne w record i n Ch i n a .K ey w ords :H engshu iLake N atural Reserve ;higher p lan;t cata l o gue责任编校:曹保合 英文校对:李玉玲83第1期 郑云翔 衡水湖自然保护区高等植物名录。