专业英语一、专业术语RFID射频识别IOT物联网Cloud Computing云计算ANN神经网络BI商业智能E-business /Web-business / e-commerce电子商务KM知识管理GIS地理信息系统PDA掌上电脑Bluetooth蓝牙技术CAD计算机辅助设计CMD计算机辅助制作branch manager部门经理binary format二进制格式USB（Universal Serial Bus）通用串行总线computer case计算机机箱temporary storage of information临时存储信息floppy disk软盘CD-ROM只读光盘textual源代码video card视频卡，显卡sound card音频卡，声卡DVD数字化视频光盘SISP战略信息系统计划Project Management项目管理Human Resources人力资源End-User Systems Development最终用户系统开发rolling business plans流动业务计划MIS(management information system)管理信息系统DB（database）数据库DBMS（database Management system）数据库管理系统DSS（decision support system）决策支持系统operational manager运营经理Senior manager 高级经理semi-structured decision半结构化决策ANS（Advanced Network&Service）高级网络及服务公司TPS（Transaction Processing systems）事务管理系统KWS（Knowledge Work Systems）只是工作系统GRASP绘制机器人技术应用软件包OAS（Office Automation Systems）办公自动化系统ESS（Executive Support Systems）经理支持系统EIS（Executive Information Systems）经理信息系统OLAP（on-line analytical processing）联机分析处理GIS（Group Information Systems）集群信息系统GDSS（Group Decision Support Systems）集群决策支持系统MIT（Management Information technology）管理信息技术RAD（rapid application development）快速应用开发Two-way communications 双工通讯client-server environment 客户服务环境Data warehouse 数据仓库logistics information systems 物流信息系统ERP（Enterprise resource planning）企业资源规划CRM（customer relationship Management）客户关系管理OOD（Object-Oriented design）面向对象设计OOP（Object0Oriented Programming）面向对象编程HLLs（High Level Languages）高级语言ADTs（Abstract Data Types）抽象数据类型Software Ics软件的组成单元machine code机器码op-code输出码EDI（Electronic Data interchange）电子数据交换SMEs（small and medium sized enterprises）中小企业B2B企业对企业电子商务B2C企业对用户电子商务CERT(Character Error Rate Tester)字符出错率测试器CIAS（Communication Link Analyzer System）通信链路分析系统IMS（Information Management System）管理信息系统NDMS（Netware Data Management System）网络数据管理系统二、翻译Unit 11. Management is the attainment of organizational goals in an effective and efficient manner through planning, organizing, leading, and controlling organizational resources.管理是组织目标通过计划、组织、领导、控制组织资源实现的有效方式。
2. Planning defines where the organization wants to be in the future and how to get there.计划决定了组织将来的发展方向和实现方式。
3. Organization failure can occur when managers are not serious about control or lack control information.组织的失败往往在管理人员不认真对待控制或缺乏控制的信息时发生。
4. The ultimate responsibility of managers is to achieve high performance, which is the attainment of organizational goals by using resources in an efficient and effective manner.管理人员的最终责任是获得高业绩，这是组织目标实现的一种有效的利用资源和有效的方式。
5. There are no “peopleless”organizations, so managers must learn how to motivate, lead and communicate; they must also understand interpersonal relations and the behavior of groups of people.没有任何“peopleless”组织,所以经理们必须学会如何激励、领导和交流,他们也必须理解人际关系和各种人群的行为。
6. Managers are excellent communicators and value shapers, lightning rods to get the job done.经理们都是很出色的传播者和价值塑造者，避雷针能够完成工作。
7. It is now apparent that overly centralized, excessively layered, and rigid organizational structures are not always effective or efficient.过于集中、过度分层、刚性的组织结构现在很明显并不总是有效或高效的。
8. A manager frequently reminds his or her management team of the company’s goals and how well those goals are being achieved.一个管理者会经常提醒他或她的管理团队,公司的目标,以及如何做好已达成这些目标。
9. Strategic planning is the process of developing and analyzing the organization’s mission, overall goals, general strategies, and allocating resources.战略规划是发展和分析组织的使命、总体目标、总体战略、和分配资源的过程。
10. The purpose of the organizing function is to make the best use of the organization’s resources to achieve organizational goals.组织功能的目的是最充分地利用组织的资源以实现组织目标。
Unit 21.As used in a broader sense, statistics refers to the statistical tools used to collect, present,analyze, and interpret data for the purpose of making more effective decisions.广泛的意义上说,统计是指用来收集统计工具,呈现、分析和理解数据的，目的都是为了做更多有效的决策。
2.Statistical thinking is necessary not only for efficient citizenship, but also for effectivedecision making in various facets of business.统计思想是很必要的,不仅是因为有效的公民身份,也是为在商业诸多方面做的有效决策3.W.Edwards Deming, noted statistician and quality control expert, insisted that we should startstatistics education before high school.W.爱德华兹·戴明提到统计学家和质量控制专家,他坚持我们应该在读高中之前接受统计教育4.Just as attorneys have “rules of evidence”and accountants have “commonly acceptedpractices”, persons dealing with numerical data follow some standard guidelines.就像律师有“证据规则”会计有“被公认的惯例”人们处理数值数据也会遵循一些标准的指导方针5.Masses of unorganized numerical data, such as the census of population, are of little value asis, however, statistical techniques are available to organize this type of data into a meaningful form.大量的没有被组织的数值数据，就像全体居民的人口普查一样，几乎是没有意义的，然而统计技术对于组织这种类型的数据使其转换成有意义的形式是可行的。