2011年中南大学考博英语真题及详解
Paper One
Part I Use of English (20%)
Section A Vocabulary and Structure (10%)
Directions: There are20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that
best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter On
Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
1. They were forced to ______ on necessities in order to make their limited supplies last the longish winter.
A. skimp
B. exhaust
C. stingy
D. count
【答案】A
【解析】句意：为了用有限的供应度过较长的冬季，他们被迫在必需品上省钱。
skimp on 节约，节省，固定搭配。
exhaust用尽。
stingy吝啬的。
count on指望。
根据句意答案选A。
2. The police are working on a ______ into suspected drug dealing in the outskirt of the city.
A. investigation
B. survey
C. propitiation
D. probe
【答案】D
【解析】句意：警方正在对该市郊区的可疑毒品交易展开调查。
probe调查；探寻。
probe into探究，调查；固定搭配。
survey多指为写书面报告而进行的民意测验或调查。
investigation 指为发现事实真相或了解掌握情况而进行深入细致的现场考察。
propitiation劝解；抚慰。
由分析可知答案选D。
3. He interpreted her condemnation of recent of political developments as an ______ criticism of the government.
A. implicit
B. implying
C. implication
D. imposing
【答案】A
【解析】句意：他将她对近期政治发展的谴责解读为对政府的含蓄批评。
implicit含蓄的，没讲明的。
implying暗示的。
implication名词，暗示。
imposing给人印象深刻的。
根据句意本题正确答案应选A。
4. That TV news program plays ______ sensational stories just to get higher ratings.
A. at
B. up
C. with
D. into
【答案】B
【解析】句意：电视新闻节目播放夸大敏感新闻，只是为了获得更高的收视率。
play up强调；夸大。
play at假装；敷衍。
play with玩弄。
play into扮演；发挥。
根据句意选择play up最合适。
5. Squad members, already decked out in ______ chemical suits, put on masks and rubber gloves.
A. awesome
B. fulsome
C. chromosome
D. cumbersome
【答案】D
【解析】句意：队员们已经穿上了笨重的化学服，戴上了面罩和橡胶手套。
cumbersome 笨重的，累赘的。
awesome可怕的；有威严的。
fulsome因过分做作而显得可厌的，令人作呕的。
chromosome染色体。
根据分析可知正确答案选D。
6. There are some people who will always ______ a cause merely because others are attacking or criticizing it.
A: stand up for
B. uphold with
C. advocate in
D. withdraw from
【答案】D
【解析】句意：有些人总是会因为别人的攻击或批评而放弃一个目标或一份事业。
withdraw from退出；离开。
stand up for支持，坚持。
uphold with维护。
advocate in倡导。
A、B和C选项都有“坚持；支持”的意思，不符合句意，因此答案选D。
7. Preliminary estimation puts the figure at around $110 billion ______ the $160 billion the president to get through the Congress.
A. in reply to
B. in relation to
C. in contrast to
D. in proportion to
【答案】C
【解析】句意：初步估计这个数字大概在1100亿左右，而不是总统正在努力敦促国会通过的1600亿。
in contrast to相比之下，这里可以理解为“而不是”。
in reply to答复。
in relation to关于，涉及。
in proportion to与…成比例，与…相称。
C选项最符合句意表达，答案选C。
8. I arranged to go to my new work before my predecessor left, so that he could
help me to ______.
A. put my hand out.
B. come to my hand
C. give my hand off
D. get my hand in
【答案】D
【解析】句意：我打算在我前任离任前开始我的新工作，这样他就能帮助我尽快上手了。
get hand in把手放进……，引申义为“上手，熟悉”，其他选项都不符合句意要求，因此本题答案选D。
9. The budget problem of the program was ______ by many unexpected costs.
A. precipitated
B. prorated
C. participated
D. propagated
【答案】A
【解析】句意：这个项目的预算问题是由许多意想不到的成本引起的。
precipitate造成；促成。
prorate按比例分配；摊派。
participate参与，参加。
propagate增殖，繁殖；宣传。
根据动词意思辨析，可知本题答案选A。
10. We were to have met them next Thursday, and then to have gone for a ramble
together, but for some reason they have ______.
A. cried out
B. cried off
C. cried for
D. cried down
【答案】B
【解析】句意：我们本来打算下星期四见他们，然后一起去散步的，但是由于某种原因他们提前取消了见面。
动词词组辨析。
cry off取消前约；打退堂鼓。
cry out大声呼喊；大声抱怨。
cry for迫切需要；恳求。
cry down贬低；喝止。
只有B选项最符合句意，正确答案选B。
11. At the end of every chapter in our science text, there is a group of ______
questions, intended for students who wish to go more deeply into the subject.
A. optimistic
B. optional
C. optative
D. operational
【答案】B
【解析】句意：在我们的科学文本的每一章的结尾，都有一组可选答的问题，这些问题是为了那些希望深入研究这个主题的学生们准备的。
optional可自由选择的；随意的。
optimistic 乐观的。
optative表愿望的。
operational正在使用的，正在运转的。
根据句意可知答案选B。