高三英语语法专题复习------被动语态一、时态与高考（语法填空与改错）1. He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby for other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what __________(leave).(2015广东)2. we __________ (tell) that our rooms hadn’t been reserved for that week, but for the week after.(2014广东）3. Tai Chi _________ (call) “shadow boxing”in English. (2014辽宁）4. Tea in China was traditional drank from cups without handles.(2013Ⅱ)5. Suddenly the arrows were flying down at us from the sky---they were looked like rain.(2014陕西）6. He born in a poor family,but only received a limited education in his childhood.归纳：A. 主动语态表示主语是动作的____________B. 被动语态表示主语是动作的____________。
被动语态构成：___________________________.二.什么时候用被动语态1.强调动作的承受者2.不知道动作的发出者3.没有必要说出动作的发出者三、八大时态的被动语态请把下列句子改为含有被动语态的句子：1) We speak English.2) Everybody respects them.1.一般现在时被动语态：_______________________________1) They bought ten computers last year．2) The people supported him．2.一般过去时被动语态：_______________________________1) We will discuss the question at the next meeting.2) If the weather permits, we will complete the work on time.3.一般将来时被动语态：_______________________________1) Susan is cooking dinner.2) They are building nine parks.4.过去将来时被动语态：_______________________________We would discuss the question the next week.5.现在进行时被动语态：_______________________________1)We were building several new high roads.2) They were designing the car.6.过去进行时被动语态：_______________________________1) We have planted some trees around the lake.2) Someone has turned off the light.7.现在完成时被动语态：_______________________________1) She had cleaned the kitchen．2) We had decorated the room．8.过去完成时被动语态：_______________________________I must finish the work today.9.含有情态动词的被动语态：____________________________.We must finish the work today.为例）请把下列句子改为含有被动语态的句子：1.I have given him the book.转换：__________________________.归纳：S+V+Oi+Od(主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语)结构变为被动句可以将两个宾语中的任何一个宾语作为被动句的主语。
直接宾语（指物）转化为被动句的主语可以转化为to型或for型两种。
2. I have asked him to help you.转换：___________________________3.We saw a stranger enter the hall.转换：_________________________________归纳：S+V+O+C(主语+谓语+宾语+补语)结构改为被动句应将主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语，补语不变；不带to的不定式作宾补改为被动句时必须带to. 4.The old man will take care of the girl.转换：__________________________________归纳：短语动词变为被动语态时，要注意保持短语动词的完整性，动词后面原有的介词或副词不可遗漏。
五、Practice(一) Please finish the following exercises:1. In the near future, more advances in the robot technology _____________ (make) byscientists.2.Experiments of this kind _________________ (conduct) in both the U.S and Europe well before the Second World War.3. After getting lost in a storm, a member of the navy team _______________ (rescue) four days later.4.The church tower which __________________(restore) will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished.5.This coastal area ______________(name) a national wildlife reserve last year.6. Linda, make sure the tables ______ (set) before the guests arrive.7. People say that a smile can ____ __________(pass) from one person to another, but acts of kindness from strangers are even more so.8. When research __________(assign), the professor expects the student to take it actively and to complete it with minimum guidance.（二）、Correct the mistakes in the following sentences.1.Look! A frog is swallowed（吞没）by a snake over there.2.Some fruits were bought his friend (by him) yesterday.3.Is the bridge going to completed before the end of this year?4.The problem has been paid enough attention.五、主动形式表示被动意义1. 只有及物动词才有被动语态。
但cost, have, own, last, lack, agree with, suffer from, belong to等及物动词或及物的短语动词也没有被动语态。
翻译句子：这辆车花了他一万美元。
__________________________________.2.有些动词既是及物又是不及物，当它们和well, badly, easily等副词连用时，表示主语内在品质或性能，是不及物动词，这时不用被动语态，常见的有：write, read, clean, sell, wash, cook等。
如：请翻译句子：1) 这本书是用这支笔写的。
2) 这支笔写字很快。
3) 这新书很畅销。
4) 这新书卖完(sell out)了。
3. 不及物动词（vi.) 如:happen, take place, appear, disappear, …Eg: Great changes ______________ (take place) in my hometown in the past ten years.4. 连系动词（Link.v.) （+ 形容词/名词）如：be, look, seem, feel, sound, smell, taste, get, turn, become…Eg: The song sounds beautiful.The cloth feels soft.5. 在“n／pron + be + adj + to do”结构中。
常用的形容词有easy, difficult, hard, nice, pleasant, 等。
翻译句子：1. 他是个容易相处的人。
2.这个地方在地图上很难被发现。
6. 3需要need/want/require doing/ to be done2值得be worth/deserve doing1受责备be to blame翻译句子：1. 屋子需要打扫。
2. 这本书很值得一读。
3. 他应该为这次事故受到责备。
六、Fill in the blanks(一) 单句填空1.I’ll go to the library as soon as I finish what I ________ (do).2.The book ___________ ( write) by Lu Xun in 1920.3.The cloth _________ (wash) well.4.It is the most instructive lecture that I ____________ (attend) since I came to this school.5.The hospital _____________(build) next year.6.In the last few years thousands of films _____________ (produce) all over the world.7.He __________ (allow) to play computer games last night.8.The boy _______ (tell) not to go to the net bar as usual. 9.He _____________ (ask) to the party last Sunday, but he didn't go there.10.The story ___________ (sound) very interesting.(二)语篇填空1. Airplanes are slowly driving me mad. I live near an airport and the passing planes can ___1____(hear) day and night. The airport ___2_____ (build) years ago, but for some reasons it could not ___3____(use) then. Last year, however, it ___4______ into use. Over a hundred people must have ___5_____(drive) away from their homes by the noise. Sometimes I think this house __6_______ (knock) down by a passing plane. I _____7_____(offer) a large sum of money to go away, but I am determined to stay here. Everybody says I must be mad and they are probably right.2. Welcome to our school. I’d like to introduce you plan s for our school. A lot of work ____1________(do)in the past few years. The library ________2______ (complete) and is ready for use. But we still have to do more work.A new biology lab _____3______(build)this year. But we don’t have enough money for the equipment. Students in all grades ______4_______(collect) money. The money which is collected _____5______ (spend) on new equipment.At present, a plan _____6________ (make) for a party at the end of the term, at which wonderful performances ____7_____ (put) on.The gardens of the school _________8 _______(improve)this year. New trees ________9______ (plant)which will soon give shade in summer. The whole school ______10 ________ (paint) during the summer holidays. In fact, our school is becoming more and more beautiful.。