Lesson 1 Stories from HistoryTime Allocation: 3 periodsTeaching Aims and Requirements:1. To practise reading for prediction and details such as information for numbers and for people.2. To learn and practise the Past Perfect.3. To be able to tell a story about a disaster in simple English.Teaching Difficulties:1. How to guess the meaning of the new words or phrases.2. To practise the use of the Past Simple and the Past Perfect.Teaching Aids: a tape recorder and some pictures.Teaching Precedures:Step 1. Lead in1.Show students several pictures about the city of Pompeii, attracting their attention to the point, and give them a brief introduction of the city. Then ask them to talk about the disaster in simple words or the key words in Ex 1.2. Teach some new words.Step 2. Reading1) Look at the picture, and guess what the passage talks about.2) Read for the first time and get the main idea of the whole passage.3 ) Understanding of the whole passage4) Do Ex.2. C heck the students’ un derstanding of the whole passage by answering the following questions: ……Answers:1. It is about a city called Pompeii. It was buried by a volcanic eruption in 79 AD.2. Because the volcanic eruption preserved buildings, objects and even impressions of people from the time.3. Roman writer Pliny did.4. Before the eruption, Pompeii had been a booming Roman city with temples, markets, restaurants, and theatres.5. Ancient architecture, statues, decorated walls, objects of the time and the impressions of people in their last hours of life.Step 3. Language Points1. witness①vt. 目击He witnessed the accident. 他亲眼看见那个意外事故。
②n.证人, 目击者He is the only witness to the accident. 他是事故的唯一目击者.2. occur vi [occurred ; occurred; occurring]通常指偶然事件的‘发生’, 可与happen通用,但两者均无被动态.eg. That plane crash occurred only minutes after take-off.C.F: take place 通常指有计划的事件‘发生,举行’, 同样无被动态.It occurred to sb. that …某人突然想起…It occurred to them that the twins are quite different from each other in many ways.It occ urred to me that she didn’t know our new address.3. Preserve vt. 保护, 保持, 保存, 保藏eg.Salt preserves food from decay. 盐能防止食物腐烂。
Do more eye exercise to preserve eyesight. 多做眼保健操保护视力.4.Pliny described a cloud coming down the mountain, blocking out the sun and buryingeverything in its path, including whole villages and towns.coming down, blocking out, burying 作宾语补足语；including短语作everything定语5. This particular sad event left a deep impression on Pliny who had lost an uncle in the event. who引导的句子做定语，修饰Pliny。
left a deep impression on 给人留下深刻印象I don’t want to leave any false impression on you.6. Pompeii is like a “time capsule” preserving a frozen moment in history.preserving修饰a “time capsule，做后置定语7. However, much more than buildings and objects, it is the forms of the people who were caught in the disaster that made the city a monument to human history.复原此句为：However, much more than buildings and objects, the forms of the people who were caught in the disaster made the city a monument to human history.①（much）more than （永）不只是…eg.The Dreams of the Red Chambers was more than a novel. It was simply a practical medicine dictionary.在本文中，此句包含一强调句结构（It is …that …）。
强调句子主语。
②get/be caught in 突然遇到，陷入…困境中I was caught in a heavy rain on my way home.③catch sb doing :发现，撞见（某人正在做…）The teacher caught him sleeping in class.Step 4. Grammar--- the Past Perfect TenseI) Implication表示在过去某个特定时间以前发生的动作，一直延续到那个特定时间刚刚结束，或还要继续延续。
但是，决不会延续到现在。
另外，过去完成时是一个相对的时态。
它是与一般过去时相对而言的。
也就是说，在一般情况下，我们不会一启句就用过去完成时；而往往是在交代了"过去的某个特定时间"以后，根据需要和可能才选用过去完成时的。
这种时态主要适用于下面的情况:1. 两个动作都发生在过去，如果要强调它们的先后，先发生的动作用过去完成时，后发生的用一般过去时；如果不强调它们的先后，则都用一般过去时。
She suddenly remembered that she had left her cellular-phone in the taxi.2.过去完成时也用于"间接引语"和"虚拟语气"的句子中She said to me that she had seen that film .If you had come to me yesterday, I would have told you the news.更多句意理解：1. Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.解析：guests先“离开”，Tom后“到达”。
2. We had learned four thousand new words by the end of last year.解析：根据by短语中的last year得知是到去年年末。
3.They asked me to have a drink with them. I said that it was at least ten years since I had enjoyeda good drink.解析：enjoy至少是发生在10年前。
4. Helen had left her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband came home.解析：had to wait说明事情发生在过去，“忘带钥匙”的动作发生在“等丈夫回家”之前。
II)Do Exercises Lead the students to finish off all the exercises from Ex.4 till Ex.7Step 5. Summary and Homework1. Sum up what we learned in this period briefly and get students to retell the story about Pompeii with the help of the information related to the certain numbers and persons.2. Do the exercises on page 52 and 53.Pompeii: *He prayed. The writer toured Pompei in 1960.In modern Italy, Vesuvius is close to the large port city of Naples.。