关系代词前介词(介词＋which)的确定 1. Can you explain to me how to use these
idioms about ______which I’m not sure.
根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配
2. 1949 was the year ______which the P.R.C. in was founded.
总结：
1.先行词被 _______________修饰了的时候用as 但 the same…as… the same…that…有区别
the same, such, so
1. This is the same pen _____I bought yesterday。 2. He is the same person ____ gave me help yesterday 1. I want to have such a dictionary _____he has.
= whose window
11. He loved his parents deeply, _______ whom are very kind to him.(父母俩都…) 12. In the basket there are quite many apples, （其中有些…） some of _______which have gone bad. 13.There are forty students in our class in all, most of __________whom are from big cities. (他们中的大部分…)
As • 3. _____we expect, we won the game. • 4._____ As is known to all, he is the best student in our • class. • 2.as引导的定语从句可放在 句首，句中，句末 _______________ 正如，好像 。 • 3.as译为____________ • 4.as 用于固定用法中
代替先行词
在定语从句中担当一个成分
The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.
Tomorrow I will bring here the magazine
which/that you asked for.
选择关系词的三个步骤
/ which 5.He married her, as _________was natural. 6.Tom was late for school again and again, which ________made his teacher very angry. which 7.Tom suddenly fell ill, ________made us sad.
定语从句的三个概念
定语从句
修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后
先行词
关系词
被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词
引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关 系 词
关系代词
that , which, who, whom, whose, as When, where, why
关系副词
关系词的三个功能 引导定语从句
Step 1 判定主从句部分 Step 2 判定先行词 Step 3 把从句还原，
看先行词在从句中充当何成分。
that come to visit 1.The number of people who/ ________come this city each year reaches one million. 2.Where is the man __________ who/ whom I saw this morning morning? that/略 you introduced 3.The book which/ ____________ to me this morning is very kind. 4.I visited a scientist________ whose name name is is known known all over the country. whose cover 5. Do you want to borrow the book ______cover blue? is blue
关系词 that which 关系 代词 关系 副词 who whom whose
先行词所指 关系词在句中作用
人/物 物 人
人 人/物
主、宾 主、宾 主、宾
宾 定 时间状语 地点状语 原因状语
when 时间 where 地点 原因 why
1.The reason _______he missed the speech is that why he forgot the time. 2.The reason____________he gave us sounded that/which reasonable. that/which 3.I’ll never forget the day ____________we spent together in Paris. 4.I’ll remember the day________we stayed togethe when at that time. 5.This is the factory____________we visited last that/which year. where 6.This is the house _________Lincoln once lived.
The attributive clause
这是我的杯子 This is my cup. 这是装满茶的杯子。 This is the cup full of tea. 这是我喝茶用的杯子。 This is the cup which I drink tea with.
Tips:当你用一个词不能尽情表达你想说的意思时， 就用短语； 如果短语还不能满足，就用从句。
Hale Waihona Puke 根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯
2. Is that the newspaper for ____which you often write articles?
根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系
/ 1.This is the car __which I bought last year. 2.This is the car ____which I paid 100$. for 3.This is the car ____which I spent 100$. on 4.This is the car ____which I go to work every in day. 5.This is the car without ______ which I can’t go to work. by 6.This is the car ____which the old man was knocked down. 7.This is the car ____which a boy threw a at stone. 8.This is the car about ______which we talked . 9.This is the car ____which the window was of broken. = the window of which
思考三：as/which有何特殊性?
1. This is the same pen _____I as bought yesterday。 2. He is the same person ____ that gave me help yesterday as 3.I want to have such a dictionary _____he has. 4. This was so interesting a book as I can’t put down. 5. This was so interesting a book that I couldn’t put it down.
both of
启示：
1.若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用 whom 不可用who, that；关系代词指物时只可用 ______ which 不可用that.关系代词是所有格时用whose ______, _____。 2.当先行词是表示时间，地点，原因的名词时， when/ where / why on / in / at / for which =_________________
结论：
句末 1.which 引导的定语从句只能放在__________ 2.当主句和从句之间存在逻辑上的__________ 因果关系 时， 关系词往往只用which.
2.定语从句和并列句 1. I saw some trees, and the leaves of the trees were black with disease. I saw some trees, the leaves of ________were black which with disease. 2. The professor is an ordinary-looking little man, but on his nose there is a pair of golden glasses. The professor is an ordinary-looking little man, on the nose of __________there is a pair of golden whom glasses.
思考一：关系代词和关系副词如何选择？
结 引导词用关系代词还是用关系副词关键要看 论： _________________________, 他们在从句中作什么成份 即把先行词还原