2018江苏省英语高考考试说明词汇讲解1.acquisition n.①the act of getting sth, especially knowledge, a skill获得，得到second language acquisition.②something that sb buys to add what they already own, usually sth valuableHis latest acquisition is a racehouse.2.airmail n. 航空邮递3.altitude n. the height above sea level 海拔；海拔高度at high altitude4.amateur n. a person who takes part in a sport or other activity for enjoyment , not as a job.业余爱好者；业余运动员The tournament is open to both amateures and professions.adj. 业余爱好的amateur athletics5.appendix n.书或文件的附录6.assure v.使确信；向…保证You think I did deliberately , but I assure you that I did not.7.awake adj.醒着to be half/fully awake/ keep…awakev. 醒来/ 唤起；被唤起/察觉到；意识到；醒悟到It took her some time to awake to the danger of her situation.8.booklet n.小册子9.bounce v.①使弹起，弹跳；反射The ball bounced twice before he could reach it.Short sound waves bounce off even small objects.②to jump up and down. She bounced up and down excitedly on the bed.be bouncing off the walls精力充沛待不住；激动的难以平静10.buffet n.自助餐；快餐部11.caption n. words that are printed underneath a picture, cartoon that explain or describe it. 说明文字/字幕12.client n. ①委托人；当事人；客户②连接在服务器上的客户机13.collapse v. ①建筑物突然倒塌，坍塌The roof collapsed under the weight of snow.②病人尤指因病重而倒下，昏倒，晕倒He collapsed in the street and died two hours later.③to fail suddenly or completely 突然失败；崩溃；瓦解= break down . Talks betweenmanagement and unions have collapsed.plicated adj. 复杂的；难懂的The instructions look very complicated.15.considerable adj. great in amount ,size, importance 相当多、大、重要等The project wasted a considerable amount of time and money.16.crack v. ①因压力吃不消，崩溃，瓦解Things are terrible at work and people are cracking under the strain.②找到解决难题等的方法to crack the enemy’s code/a hard/tough nut to crack③crack down on 竭力取缔；严厉打击；镇压Police are cracking down on drug dealers.get cracking 立即大干起来not all, everything sb’s cracked up to be 不像人们说的那么好crack on with sth 为尽快完成而努力干；急速经过，穿过；快速继续下去crack up 因压力造成身体或精神垮掉，崩溃crack sb up 使大笑起来17.crisis n.危机；危急关头financial crisis 复数：crises18.damp adi.潮湿的；微湿的；湿气重的 a damp squib 令人失望的事；令人扫兴的事n. 潮湿；潮气；湿气；湿块19.define v. ①解释；给…下定义The term “mental illness” is hard to define.②阐明；明确；界定It’s difficult to define what makes him so popular.The difficulty of a problem was defined in terms of how long it took to complete.20. demanding adj. ①needing a lot of skill, patience, effort etc.要求高的；需要高技能或耐性的；费力的The work is physically demanding.②要求极严的；苛求的；难满足的a demanding boss/ child21.depression n. ①a state of feeling very sad and without hope 抑郁；沮丧；消沉There was a feeling of gloom and depression in the office when news of job cuts was announced.②萧条期；经济衰退；不景气The country was in the economic depression.depressed adj. 抑郁的；沮丧的；意志消沉的/ 不景气的；萧条的；经济困难的22.dictation n. 口述/ 听写23.discipline n. ①训练；训导；纪律；风纪The school has a reputation for high standards of discipline.②the ability to control your behaviour or the way you live ,work.自制力；遵守纪律He will never get anywhere working for himself----he has got no discipline.v. ①惩罚；处罚The officers were disciplined for using racist language.②自我控制；严格要求自己He disciplined himself to exercise at least three times a week.24.domestic adj. ①本国的；国内的domestic affairs/ politics/ flights foreign flights②家用的；家庭的；家务的domestic violence/ service 家庭暴力/ 家政服务③驯养的；作宠物饲养的；非野生的25. drown v. ①淹死，溺死Two children drowned after falling into the river.He had attempted to rescue the drowning man.②压过；盖没；淹没She turned up the radio to drown out the noise from next door.③drown your fears/loneliness/sorrows 借酒壮胆，解寂寞，浇愁等26.drum n. 鼓beat/bang the drum for sb/sth 竭力鼓吹，摇旗呐喊27.efficient adj. doing sth well and thoroughly with no waste time, money or energy 效率高的；有功效的the efficient use of energy 注意：inefficient efficiency efficiently28.element n. ①要素；基本部分；典型部分a key element②基本原理，基础，纲要He taught me the elements of map-reading.③电器元件29.entitle v. ①使享有资格；使符合资格entitle sb to sthYou will be entitled to your pension when you reach 65.entite sb to do sthThis ticket does not entitle you to travel first class.②给…命名或提名He read a poem entitled “Salt”n. entitlement 权利，资格/有权得到的东西；应得的数额/政府津贴制30.equate v. equate sth with sth 同等看待；使等同于Some parents equate education with exam success.equate to sth 相当于；等于31.even ①adv.强调出乎意料甚至，连，即使He never even opened the letter.②adj. = equal equal or the same for each person , team place etc.Our scores are now even.平滑的；平/变化不大的，均匀的，平稳的/相等的；均等的/均衡的；不相上下的；同一水平的/匀称的；均匀的；同样大小的/镇静的；稳重的；平和的，温和的32.exception n.例外no exception / Nobody had much money at the time and I was no exception.33.exhibition n. 展览品/展览；展出/表现，显示，表演34.fax n. 传真机/传真/传真信件；传真电文v. 传真信件文档等。