2018高考英语动词时态和语态精讲精练在高考英语中，动词的时态和语态是重中之重，试题在考查固定句式中的时态和语态的同时，注重在上下文语境中考查时态和语态。
要了解几种时态的一些常规规则，答题时要研读题干，搜索出尽可能多的“时间参照信息”，尤其要注意时态的呼应情况。
时态主动语态形式被动语态形式一般现在时am/is/are/do/does am/is/are done一般过去时was/were/did was/were done现在完成时has/have done has/have been done现在完成进行时has/have been doing/现在进行时am/is/are doing am/is/are being done过去进行时was/were doing was/were being done过去完成时had done had been done将来完成时will/shall have done will/shall have been done一般将来时will/shall doam/is/are going to doam/is/are coming/leavingam/is/are to doam/is/are about to dowill/shall be doneam/is/are to be done过去将来时would dowas going to dowas coming/leavingwas to dowas about to dowould be donewas/were to be done将来进行时will/shall be doing/考点1一般现在时一般现在时表示动作的经常性或真理；表示现状、性质、状态时多用系动词或状态动词；在条件、时间、让步状语从句中用一般现在时或现在完成时表示将来；表示预计或规定；方位副词或介词短语放在句首，主语是名词，且全部倒装时，用一般现在时表示正在发生的动作；还可使用于文学作品和文学评论中。
练一练：用所给词的适当形式填空：①I'll go there after I________(finish)my work.②The water will be further polluted unless some measures________(take)．③My train________(leave)at6：30.④A snow________(expect)to come next week.⑤Here________(come)the bus.⑥This kind of cloth________(wash)well.⑦Don't take it away.It________(belong)to me.⑧He said water________(boil)at100℃.考点2一般过去时和现在完成时一般过去时(标志词：yesterday，just now，last year，the other day等)表示动作发生在过去，和现在毫无关系。
现在完成时(标志词：since，in the past/last years，just，recent(ly)，lately，so far＝up to now＝up until now＝by now，already，yet，several/many/...times)则强调的是对现在的影响和结果，动作到现在刚完成或还在继续。
请区别下列几组句子：①He has lived in London for three years.(现在还住在伦敦)He lived in London for three years.(现在不在伦敦了)②It's/has been two years since he smoked.(他不抽烟已两年了)It's/has been two years since he began to smoke.(他抽烟已有两年了)③This is the first/second/...time(that)I have_visited the school.This was the first/second/...time I had_visited the school.④He was writing a book last year.(去年他在写一本书)He wrote a book last year.(去年他写了一本书)⑤I thought he was an American.(我原以为他是美国人)I think he is an American.(我想他是美国人)练一练：用所给词的适当形式填空：①—I haven't seen you for ages.Haven't you graduated from college?—Yes.I________(study)English for four years in Nanjing University.②Where________you________(put)my book?I can't find it anywhere.③Although he has lived with us for years，he________(not leave)us much impression by now.④My brother is an actor.He________(appear)in several films in the past few years.⑤—Li Pin may not come tonight.—But he________(promise)the other day．考点3过去完成时和将来完成时过去完成时表示一件事情发生在过去，而另一件事情先于它发生(即表示“过去的过去”)。
常用的时间状语有：by then，by that time，by the end of，before2000，by the time，hardly/scarcely/rarely...when...和no sooner...than...[注]表示原打算做但未做的几种表达：①I had hoped/expected/meant/intended/...to do...，but...＝I hoped/expected/...to have done...，but...＝I would like/love to have done...，but...将来完成时表示到将来某一时间，某一动作将会完成，常用的时间状语为“by＋将来的某个时间”。
如：They will have completed the project by the end of next year.练一练：用所给词的适当形式填空：①Helen________(leave)her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband ________(come)home.②I________(hope)to meet Mr.Thompson this morning，but I found nobody left in the room.③By the time he________(return)home，the work had been finished.By the time he returns home，the work____________(finish)．④We plan to reach the North Pole in mid－July，and by then we____________(walk) for six weeks.考点4现在进行时，过去进行时，现在完成进行时和将来进行时现在进行时表示现在正在进行的情况，计划、安排要做的事，还可以表示反复出现的动作，往往含有赞赏、厌恶、遗憾等情绪，常与always，continually，constantly 连用；过去进行时表示过去某一刻或一段时间内正在进行的动作，还可以表示过去的将来动作；现在完成进行时表示动作的未完成性和暂时性，还可以表示感情色彩；将来进行时表示将来某个时候或某段时间正在进行的动作。
练一练：用所给词的适当形式填空：①—Have you moved into the new house?—Not yet.The rooms________(paint)．②My father_____(fall)while he______(ride)his bicycle and______(hurt)himself.③—Why are her eyes red?—She____________(cry)．④He____________(fly)over the Atlantic at this time tomorrow.⑤You________always________(watch)TV.Why not do something more active?⑥—Did you find the missing couple in the mountain yesterday?—No，but we________(try)to get in touch with them ever since.考点5一般将来时注意区别will do，be going to do，be about to do，be doing，be to do：①will do表示事物的固有属性或必然趋势，此外，还表示临时决定；②be going to do表示计划、打算要做某事，还表示根据现在的迹象，对未来进行推断；③be about to do表示立即的将来，因此，不与表示将来的具体时间状语连用；④有些动词如come，go，arrive，leave，begin等，其一般现在时、现在进行时亦可表示按计划或安排将来要发生的动作或状态；⑤be to do表示按计划或安排要做的事，意为“应该；想，打算；注定会”,可以用在if引导的句子里。
练一练：用所给词的适当形式填空：①Ladies and gentlemen，please fasten your safety belt.The plane________(take)off.②Look at the timetable.Flight4026________(take)off at18：20.③If you____________(succeed)，you should work hard.④Look at the dark clouds.It____________(rain)．⑤—The light is still on.—Sorry.I________(go)and turn it off.考点6get＋过去分词“get＋过去分词”可以表示被动，此结构比较口语化。