Keys to Unit 11Section I1.“国家成人读写能力评估”是检测美国成年人阅读能力的一项主要测试。

2.该测试检测的是参加者阅读和理解日常生活信息的能力3.这项调查发现有1,100万，即百分之五的成年人看不懂英语。

4.研究人员说，问题的部分原因在于很多美国年轻人作为消遣所进行的阅读已经不太多了。

5.人们发现阅读水平高的人比那些不具备阅读能力的人的年收入多28,000美元。

Section IIDialogueGreat leaders in history:military chiefs/ national heroes/ dreaded tyrantssee these so-called great leaders in the same lightspiritual leadersCharacteristics:what they want to achievelose sight of their objectives/ work towards them/ what obstacles they may come up againstthe end justifies the meansthe will of the people/ improve their lotbe successfulPassage1.Going to the library or locking yourself in your room with no aim other than reading fora predetermined time is likely to lead to boredom.2.One way round this problem when you encounter it is to set yourself really small andmanageable reading tasks.3.The task should be one that is useful towards your final aim of getting your essay orpaper or dissertation written, or revising for your exam.4.In devising such tiny but “do-able”tasks for yourself you are using your creativity,making the reading a personal task to you and breaking a large endeavor up into small and attainable steps.5.Often the motivation supplied by an assignment or essay will help you to focus yourreading in helpful ways.T T T F T F T FEx.21) We can set ourselves a particular period of time in which to assess the relevance ofa number of books or articles for our purposes, to understand an important butdifficult argument and to locate material in and take notes about a source that we have good reasons to believe can help us to answer a particular question.2)To get started with reading should not be difficult. And once you have made abeginning, the next day or the next time you come to this piece of reading, you willalready have achieved something with this text and so the next stage should follow more easily.Section IIIItem 1:A.a fat man’s walk from California to Manhattan.B.40-year-old father of twoA year and a monthNearly 4,800 kilometersHis home in CaliforniaManhattanTo lose weight after falling into a depression and developing an eating disorderHe arrived 100 pounds or 45 kilograms lighter / He realized weight loss was more about the state of mind than body and the secret to becoming thinner was being happier.“A Fat Man Walking”To publish a book about his experiencesItem 2:A.the first atheist summer camp in the UK.B. the US/atheism/what they think/philosophy/logical fallacies/the Invisible Unicorn Challenge/live in the area around their tents/they don’t exist/a negative/thinking/philosophy /scientific and critical thinkingItem 3: the new compulsory citizenship ceremony and test in Britain.Old practice:Swear an oath of allegiance/ lawyer/ certificateNew practice:1.2004/ compulsory citizenship ceremony/ a broader oath/ respect Britain’s rights,freedoms and laws/ civic dignitaries2.establish knowledge of the country/ its language1)24/ life in the United Kingdom/ 45 minutes2)Try again and again3)Simple tests of knowledge/ more complex cultural issues3.feel they belong/ ease racial tensionControversy1.have similar schemes/ the United States/ citizenship classes/ ceremonies2.nationalistic/ undue pressure/ conform/ build a multi-cultural society in Britain. Section IVPart I:A. CB. 1. Six basic ingredients of explosives.2. Because the dogs are very reliable. They have never had a dog out working in a field,where they had to evacuate a building because a dog made an incorrect assessment.3. In 1990.4. 474.5. For six weeks.6. It can be for life.7. Trust of each other and training, on which their lives depend.8. Safe practices and the handler is required not to put themselves into a harmfulsituation.Part IIDictation:1.People whose parents or other close realties have allergic diseases have a greatertendency than others to develop an allergy at some time in their lives.2.It is predicted that a similar pattern will develop there as Third World countriesdevelop.3.The World Health Organization has labeled allergy “the number one environmentaldisease”.4.Although as many as 20% of the population believe that they are allergic to one or morefoods, in reality only about 2-3% have true food allergy.5.Natural antioxidants and vitamins, which are thought to protect a number of conditions– including allergic diseases, are abundant in fresh fruit and vegetables.B C A C A B C A。