teaching after class.
2. What to teach in Microteaching 1: Lesson 1, Unit 1, Go for it (1A) My name’s Gina with outline & verbatim lesson plan (a practice lesson for pronunciation). 3. What to focus in pedagogical-skill training: (1) Teacher talk & Teaching manners (2) Classroom Interactions for practicing proClassroom Interactions
Research suggests that in some classrooms, 70-80 % class time is taken up with teacher talk (Nunan, 1991) , and over half of it is for classroom question & answers (Gall,1984). Questions are so commonly used in teaching because they stimulate Ss’ interest, encourage Ss to think & focus on the content of the lesson, enable a T. to clarify what a student has said, elicit language items and check Ss’ understanding. Questions also provide Ss more opportunities to use the language. The following are the basic form of IRF: 1. Initiation: Teachers’ Questions 2. Response: Students’ response 3. Feedback: Teachers’ feedback
8
How Teachers modify Teacher Talk

Repetition to make their instructions & directions
understandable to Ss;


Speaking more slowly for Ss to follow easily;
T: Now, I want to speak …to a person. He’s not here. What can I do now (gesture)? S1: …message. T: Good, I can leave a message (points at a phone). (to the whole class). I can … Ss: Leave a message.
TEFL Methodology (2)
Chapter 2-1
Teacher Talk & Classroom Interactions
1
About Microteaching 1
1. What to do in microteaching practice: demonstrating what you are thinking about teaching by action and reflecting on
2
Reflection on Microteaching 1
What did you do in Microteaching Practice 1, did you enjoy it, why/ why not? What was the most difficult part in your practice, how was it going? Did you feel difficult to choose what to say, why? Did you feel nervous when facing “students”, why? How did you assess your English pronunciation and intonation, is it good enough for E. teaching? If not, what are the main problems? What kind of talk do you think proper for your students in a practice lesson for pronunciation?
1. Convergent questions (encourage the similar, simple or short
responses, e.g., the display questions & factual questions)
2. Divergent questions (require Ss to engage in higher-level thinking
T: Now, the whole sentence: please say: I can leave a telephone message.
Ss: I can leave a telephone message. … … T: The book … we have (holds up book) …the book is interesting, right? It’s necessary for school. Bring your books to class, tomorrow, OK? Ss: OK.
5、 Checking Ss’ understanding
6、 Modeling the target language
7、 Questioning or challenging Ss’ thinking
8、 Giving feedback to Ss’ performance etc.
6
Sample Teacher Talk (1)
5
Main functions of Teacher Talk
1、Getting Ss’ attention 2、 Giving instructions & directions 3、 Explaining language or activities 4、 Clarifying procedure of learning


Modifying grammar with short and simple sentence
Modifying discourse (repeating themselves or answering their own questions) to make themselves understood.
4
What is Teacher Talk?
Teacher talk refers to the language used by teachers in the classroom as the goal of teaching and also the means of teaching by which the goal is achieved. Goal of teaching: the language is to be taught or the content Ss are going to learn in the classroom; Means of teaching: the language is to be used for instructions & directions, modeling language patterns, asking or giving feedbacks to the questions etc. to help Ss reach the pedagogical goals in the classroom :
Using Pauses to give Ss more time to process what the
T. has said and hence facilitate their comprehension; another style of speech to draw Ss’ attention;
What are the teacher’s roles in classroom interactions and how could the teacher build a positive relationship between the teacher and students in the classroom?
10
Questions & Questioning skills
1. Procedural questions (have to do with classroom procedures
& routines, classroom management, e.g., the question “Have you done your homework?” can be used to check Ss’ assignments) 2. Content questions (engage Ss in the content of the lesson, facilitate Ss’ comprehension and promote classroom interactions.)
7
Sample Teacher Talk (2)