初中英语五种时态讲解一、一般现在时。
概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况1、基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词当主语是第三人称时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，加-s/es。
除此之外都用动词原形。
否定形式：①am/is/are+not; ②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句：①把be动词放于句首；②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。
例：肯定句：主语+V原+其他。
I usually go to school by bus.主语（三单）+V三单疑问句：Do+主语+V原…… Does+主语（三单）+ V原……否定句：主语+don’t + V原. 主语（三单）+ doesn’t + V原.2、用法：1、表示经常或习惯性发生的动作。
I usually go to school by bus.2、表示客观真理、事实。
The earth goes around the sun.3、在时间、条件等状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。
( if, as soon as, until, when)If it rains tomorrow, we won’t go to the park. When I grow up, I’ll go to Paris.3、时间状语：Always, often, sometimes, usually, on Sunday, on Monday afternoon, every day/month/year/week, in the morning, once a year, twice a day, three times a day等例题：1. He______(be, am, is, are) a teacher at No. 2 Middle School.2. He______(have, has) classes in the afternoon.3. He______(get, gets) up at half past six every morning.4. He always _____(come, comes ) to school on time.5. He ______(study, studies) very hard at his lesson.6. One and two _____(be, is, are) three.7. Blue and yellow _____(make, makes) green.8. The earth _____(move, moves) round the sun.9. I will go there if I ____( be, will be, am, is, are) free tomorrow.10. I will go there when I _____(have, will have, has) time tomorrow.11. He won’t come to the party unless he _____(be, will be, am, is, are) invited.12. I’l l wait here until my mother ____(come, comes, will come) back.13. Please return the book to the library as soon as you ______(finish, finishes, will finish) readingit.14. Once you _____(see, sees, will see) him, you will never forget him.⑵一般过去时。
1、⑴表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
I got up late this morning.⑵表示过去的习惯或经常发生的动作。
When I was in the countryside. I often swam in the river. I used to go fishing.2、结构：基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词否定形式：①was/were+not; ②在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句：①was或were放于句首；②用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。
例：肯定句：主语+ V过去+其他。
疑问句：Did+主语+ V否定句：主语+didn’t+ V原……。
3、动词的规则变化。
4、时间状语：Yesterday, last night/week/year/month, last Sunday, in 1995, the other day, just now, ago 等例题：1. He____(be, was, were, been) here a moment ago.2. They ____(be, was, were, been) here just now.3. The scientists _____(leave, leaves, leaved, left) for America yesterday.4. Last week we ______(visit, visited ) the Science Museum.5. When I was a child, I often ____(play, played) football.6. The students ran out of the classroom as soon as the bell ____(ring, rang, rung).⑶一般将来时。
①肯定句：否定句：(注：当主语为I 或 we时，问句中可用 shall) where shall we meet tomorrow②be going to+ V原表示计划、打算做某事。
用来表示近期或事先考虑过的将要发生的动作以及已有迹象表明必将发生某事，意为“打算；就要”。
be going to do 将要干某事---what are you going to do next Sunday ---I am going to listen to music.Look at the clouds, there is going to rain.③现在进行时be +Ving 有时可以表示将来。
常用这种结构的动词：go, come, leave, stay, start, arrive We’re leaving for London.例题：1 . _____you ____a doctor when you grow upA .Will; going to be B. Are; going to be C. Are; / D .Will; be2. I don’t know if his uncle _____. I think he _____ if it doesn’t rain.A will come; comesB will come; will comeC comes; comesD comes; will come3 . He will be back _____a few minutes.A withB forC onD in4. What time _____we meet at the gate tomorrowA willB shallC doD are5. He will have a holiday as soon as he _____the work next week.A finishes B. doesn’t finish C will finish D won’t finish6 .There _____some showers this afternoon.A will beB will haveC is going to beD are going to have7. It ____my brother’s birthday tomorrow. She _____a party.A is going to be; will haveB will be; is havingC will be; is going to haveD will have;is going to be8. Li Ming is 10 years old now, next year he _____11.A isB is going to beC will beD will to bebe going to与will区别：两者都可表示将要发生的事、将要去做某事，但它们有如下几点区别：1. be going to表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情，will 表示的将来时间则较远一些，如：He is going to write a letter tonight.He will write a book one day.2. be going to表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情，will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。
He is seriously ill. He is going to die.He will be twenty years old.3. be going to 含有“计划，准备”的意思，而 will 则没有这个意思，如：She is going to lend us her book.He will be here in half an hour.4.在有条件从句的主句中，一般不用 be going to, 而多用will, 如：If any beasts comes at you, I'll stay with you and help you（4）现在进行时1、构成：肯定句：主语 + is / am / are +ving疑问句：Is /Am /Are + 主语 +ving否定句：主语+ isn’t / am not / aren’t + ving2、用法：①表示正在进行的动作I’m reading book now.②表示现阶段正在进行的动作或状态。
They are studying hard this term.3、时间状语：now , these days, 当句中有look, listen , can’t you see, can you see时Listen! He is singing.例题：1. I ____(write, am writing, is writing, are writing) a letter now.2. Look, it _____(begin, is beginning, am beginning, are beginning) to rain.3. They ____(study, is studying, am studying, are studying) medicine at the Medical Instituteof Chengde these days.4. He _____(teach, am teaching, is teaching, are teaching) an English lesson at this time.(5) 过去进行时1、结构was / were + doing2、用法① 表示过去某段时间正在进行的动作---what were you doing at 9:30 last night --- I was watching TV.3、when一般接一般过去时 I was doing my homework whenwhile一般接进行时WhileHe was playing basketball while she was reading books.例题：1. I _____(cook, cooked, was cooking, were cooking) breakfast when you arrived.____you_____( do, did, was...doing, were…doing) at this time yesterday evening(have, are having, had, were having) dinner when the doorbell rang.When/ As we____( have, had, are having, were having) dinner, the doorbell rang.动词基本变化形式：。