倒装句1．部分倒装部分倒装是指把谓语的一部分(助动词、系动词或情态动词)置于主语之前。
这类句型主要有以下几种形式：(1)当否定词或带有否定意义的词或短语位于句首时，常用部分倒装。
这类词或短语有：little, few, never, seldom, rarely, by no means, not only, not until, at no time, under/in no circumstances, in no case, in no way, no sooner, hardly, scarcely等。
Not only will help be given to people to find jobs, but also medical treatment will be provided for people who need it.不仅要给那些找工作的人提供帮助，而且也要给那些有需要的人提供医疗保健服务。
(2)当only修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句位于句首时，用部分倒装。
(2014·湖南高考单项填空)Only when you can find peace in your heart will you keep good relationships with others.只有当你找到内心的平静时你才能与他人保持良好的关系。
(3)so/neither/nor置于句首时，用部分倒装。
①“so＋be/助动词/情态动词＋主语” 表示前面所说的肯定情况也适合于另一人或物，意为“……也是如此” 。
—I’ve got an enormous amount of work to do.——我有大量的作业要做。
—So have I.——我也如此。
②“neither/nor＋be/助动词/情态动词＋主语” 表示前面否定的内容也适用于另一人或物，意为“……也不这样” 。
This is not my story, nor is it the whole story. My story plays out differently.这并不是(关于)我的故事，它也不是故事的全部。
我的故事是不同的。
(4)在so/such... that... 结构中，当“so＋形容词/副词” 或“such＋名词” 位于句首时，用部分倒装。
(2016·杭州五校第一次联考)So suddenly did he catch the disease that the whole family were at a great loss. 他突然患病，全家人全然不知所措。
(5)在as/though引导的让步状语从句中，当从句的表语/状语/动词位于句首时，用部分倒装。
如果位于句首的是单数可数名词，其前不加冠词。
(2016·天津六校第一次联考)Hard as they tried, they couldn’t make her change her mind.尽管他们尽力了，但他们还是没能让她改变主意。
(6)在非真实条件句中，条件句中的if省略时，助动词had, were, should提到主语前面。
Should he (＝If he should)come, tell him to ring me up. 如果他来了，告诉他给我打电话。
2．完全倒装完全倒装是指将谓语动词完全提到主语之前。
(1)表示时间、地点和动作转移的副词，如here, there, now, then, up, down, in, away, out等置于句首时，且主语是名词，谓语动词是不及物动词，句子需用完全倒装。
此时，句子多用一般现在时或一般过去时。
The moment the bell rang, out rushed the children.铃一响，孩子们冲了出去。
[易错警示]主语为人称代词时，则不倒装。
The moment the bell rang, out they rushed.铃一响，他们冲了出去。
(2)当地点状语位于句首时，且主语是名词，谓语动词是不及物动词，为了避免头重脚轻，句子需进行完全倒装。
Present at the meeting were scientists from all over the world.来自世界各地的科学家们出席了此次会议。
(3)有时为平衡句子结构或突出、强调，将作表语的介词短语、形容词、副词或分词提到句首，构成“表语＋系动词＋主语” 的完全倒装结构。
Present at the party were Mr. Green and many other guests.出席晚会的有格林先生，还有许多别的宾客。
【2011全国卷I 28】Only when he reached the tea-house ______it was the same place he’d been in last year.A. he realizedB. he did realizeC. realized heD. did he realize【答案】D【考点】本题考察倒装句。
【解析】Only引导的状语从句位于句首，应把主句中动词的助动词提前构成部分倒装。
【2011福建卷29】—It’s nice. Never before____ such a special drink!—I’m glad you like it.A.I have hadB. I hadC. have I hadD. had I【答案】C【考点】考查时态及倒装。
【解析】never是否定副词，置于句首，句子要部分倒装；由语意可知说话人以前从未喝过这样特别的饮料，应该用现在完成时，故选C 项。
【2011湖南卷32】Only after they had discussed the matter for a few hours _______a decisionA. they reachedB. did they reachC. they reachD. do they reach【答案】B【考点】本题考察only前置的倒装句。
【解析】Only引导状语从句前置，主句主谓要部分倒装。
又因为从前文中的"had discussed"判断出是过去时间，故选B；句意：只有在他们讨论这个问题好几个小时之后他们才作出决定。
〖10江苏〗—Is everyone here? —Not yet……Look , there_______ the rest of our guests!A. comeB. comesC. is comingD. are coming〖答案〗A〖考点〗倒装句〖解析〗谓语动词根据后面的主语〖10四川〗If you have a job, yourself to it and finally you’ll succeed.A. do devoteB. don’t devoteC. devotingD. not devoting〖答案〗A〖考点〗考查谓语动词的强调及“祈使句+and+将来时句子”的固定搭配。
〖解析〗此处应是祈使句, 又有谓语动词的强调要借助助动词do, 故选A。
句意为：“如果你有了一份工作, 付出努力去做它, 最后你定能成功。
”〖10四川〗We laugh at jokes, but seldom about how they work.A. we thinkB. think weC. we do thinkD. do wethink〖答案〗D〖考点〗考查倒装。
〖解析〗seldom为否定副词放句首, 用部分倒装, 故选D。
句意为“我们因笑话而笑, 但很少去思考笑话怎样让我们笑。
”〖10陕西〗John opened the door . There _____ he had never seen before.A. a girl did standB. a girl stoodC. did a girl standD. stood a girl〖答案〗D〖考点〗考查特殊句式。
〖解析〗Here, There, Thus, Then等副词位于句首, 且当句子的主语是名词时, 句子用全部倒装句, 选D。
〖10江西〗Not until he left his home ______ to know how important the family was for him.A did he beginB had he begunC he beganD he had begun〖答案〗A〖考点〗考查倒装。
〖解析〗not until放在句首要用部分倒装, 翻译为直到, 所以begin发生在left之后或同时发生〖10重庆〗At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the JialingRiver______, one of the ten largest cities in China.A. lies ChongqingB. Chongqing liesC. does lie ChongqingD. does Chongqing lie〖答案〗A〖考点〗考查倒装。
〖解析〗表示方位的地点状语提前, 句子完全倒装, 所以选A项。
〖10湖北〗Only if people of all the countries are united ________（我们才能解决）the existing problems in the world. (solve)〖答案〗will we be able to solve/can we solve.〖考点〗倒装句〖解析〗only位于句首修饰状语从句要倒装。
根据“主将从现”的原则可以确认主句的助动词是“will”, 或者使用情态动词“can”〖09安徽〗 a certain doubt among the people as to the practical value of the project.A. It hasB. They haveC. It remainsD. There remains〖答案〗D〖考点〗考查There be句型。
〖解析〗对于这个项目的实际价值人们依然还有怀疑。
〖(09福建〗For a moment nothing happened Then all shouting together.A. voices had comeB. came voicesC. voices would comeD.did voices come〖答案〗B〖考点〗〖解析〗副词then位于句首, 且当句子的主语是名词时, 句子用全部倒装句, 选B。