绝密★考试结束前全国2014年4月高等教育自学考试现代语言学试题课程代码：00830请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。

选择题部分注意事项：1．答题前，考生务必将自己的考试课程名称、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。

2．每小题选出答案后，用2 B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

不能答在试题卷上。

Ⅰ. Directions: Read each of the following statements carefully. Decide which one of the four choices best completes the statement and blacken the corresponding letter A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (2% × 10=20%)1. The fact that different sounds are used to refer to the same object in different languages well illustrates the ________ nature of language.A. culturalB. dualC. productiveD. arbitrary2. In English the two sounds [p] and [p h] are ________.A. a minimal pairB. allophonesC. two phonemesD. in phonemic contrast3. The word “decentralize” contains ________ morphemes.A. 3B. 4C. 5D. 64. A ________ sentence contains two clauses joined by a linking word, such as “and,”“but,”“or.”A. simpleB. complicatedC. coordinateD. complex5. The sentence “Colorless green ideas sleep furiously” is a typical example of violation of ________.A. speech act theoryB. principles of conversationC. selectional restrictionsD. grammatical rules6. The illocutionary point of the ________ is to commit the speaker to something’s being the case, to the truth of what has been said.A. expressivesB. commissivesC. declarativesD. representatives7. ________ separated the period of Middle English from that of Modern English.A. The revival of Latin as a literary languageB. Shakespeare’s plays and Milton’s poemsC. European military invasionD. European renaissance movement8. The following are the syntactic features of Black English EXCEPT ________.A. systematic use of “it is” instead of “there is”B. frequent absence of various forms of “be”C. use of double negation constructionsD. absence of subject9. ________ has a strikingly different view from the other three on language and thought.A. PlatoB. AristotleC. WatsonD. Bloomfield10. ________ motivation occurs when the learner desires to learn a second language as a primary means of communication in his or her own community.A. InstrumentalB. FunctionalC. IntegrativeD. Social非选择题部分注意事项：用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上，不能答在试题卷上。

Ⅱ. Directions: Fill in the blank in each of the following statements with one word on the ANSWER SHEET, the first letter of which is already given as a clue. Note that you are to fill in ONE word only, and you are not allowed to change the letter given. (1%×10=10% )11. Linguistics studies not any particular language, e.g., English, Chinese, Arabic, and Latin, but it studies l in general.12. Speech sounds can be initially classified into two broad categories: vowels and c .13. The suffix -er in the word “taller” is an i morpheme.14. Apart from sentences and clauses, a syntactic category usually refers to a word or a phrase that performs a particular g________ function.15. In terms of componential analysis, the meaning of a word can be dissected into meaning components, called s ________ features.16. The u meaning of a sentence varies with the context in which it is said.17. In general, linguistic change in the sound system and the v of a language is more noticeable than that in other systems of the grammar18. The non-prestige variety in diglossia is called the l variety.19. Language functions are believed to be lateralized primarily in the l hemisphere of the brain.20. In children’s prelinguistic stage, the first recognizable sounds are described as c , with velar consonants such as /k/ and high vowels such as /u/ usually present.Ⅲ. Directions: Judge whether each of the following statements is true or false.Put a T for true or F for false on the ANSWER SHEET for each statement. If you think a statement is false, you must explain why you think so and then give the correct version. (2%×10=20%)21. Human language is not only genetically transmitted, but also culturally transmitted while animal call systems are genetically transmitted.22. In broad transcription, the word “build” is transcribed as [bild].23. Different words have to use the same affix in order to create the same meaning change.24. Language is a highly structured system of communication. Sentences are both linearly and hierarchically structured.25. The meaning of a sentence is the sum total of the meanings of all its components.26. Speech act theory was originated with the British philosopher John Searle in the late 50’s of the 20th century.27. Syntactically, the verb of a sentence in Old English precedes, rather than follows, the subject.28. The term pidgin originated from the pronunciation of the English word “business” in Chinese Pidgin English.29. The language faculty of an average human degenerates after the critical period and consequently, most linguistic skills cannot develop.30. The rate and ultimate success in SLA only depend on learners’ experience with optimal input and instruction.Ⅳ. Directions: Explain the following terms and give examples for illustration where appropriate. (3%×10=30%)31. competence32. phone33. stem34. simple sentence35. synonymy36. conversational implicature37. back-formation38. language planning39. the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis40. Krashen’s acquisitionV. Directions: Answer the following questions. (10% ×2=20%)41. Please illustrate with example(s) the difference between compounding and derivation.42. Please explain dichotic listening tests with example(s).。