第4部分18世纪英国文学（1688-1780）填空题1. Henry Fielding has been regarded as “_____”, for his contribution to the establishment of the form of the modern novel. （吉林大学2007研）【答案】Father of the English Novel【解析】亨利•菲尔丁被誉为“英国小说之父”。
2. A Modest Proposal by Jonathan Swift is a sharp _____ against the social injustice in _____. （天津外国语学院2011研）【答案】satire,Ireland【解析】1729年斯威夫特发表的《一个温和的建议》是对英国政府对爱尔兰人民剥削压迫的极度讽刺。
这一宣传册建议爱尔兰的穷人把刚满一周岁的孩子卖给富人，富人可将孩子做成美餐，而穷人也将获得一笔收入。
3. The English novel began to prosper in 18th century as a new literary genre. In this period there appeared a number of great novelists such as _____, Daniel Defoe, and _____. （天津外国语学院2011研）【答案】Jonathan Swift,Samuel Richardson【解析】18世纪英国文学的小说家主要有Defoe, Swift, Richardson, Fielding, Smollett and Sterne等。
4. Author: _____ Title: _____. （南京大学2007研）At other times, the like battles have been fought between the Yahoos of several neighborhoods, without any visible cause: those of one district watching all opportunities to surprise the next, before they are prepared. But if they find their project has miscarried, they return home, and, for want of enemies, engage in what I call a civil war among themselves.【答案】Author: Jonathan Swift. Title: Gullive r’s Travels【解析】题中文段节选自乔纳森的《格列佛游记》。
其通过幻想旅行中不可置信的奇遇和体验，及其尖锐地讽刺了英国统治者的腐败和愚行，无情地揭露了社会各领域的黑暗和罪恶。
5. The famous English critic Mathew Arnold called the 18th century in Britain “an age of prose”. In this period, no novelists were as popular and well known as _____. （天津外国语2010研）【答案】Daniel Defoe【解析】18世纪是英国小说兴起的时代，这一时期最著名的小说家是丹尼尔·笛福，他的代表作是《鲁滨逊漂流记》。
6. Joseph Addison and Sir Richard Steele are always remembered together because they started a journalistic tradition that is still alive in Britain and the United State. Their collaboration on a series of essays for the “T atler”and the “_____”strongly influenced 18th century English taste and opinion. （天津外国语2010研）【答案】The Spectator【解析】约瑟夫·艾迪生和理查德·斯蒂尔是英国著名的散文家，两人最重要的贡献是创办两份著名的杂志《闲谈者》（Tatler）与《旁观者》（Spectator）。
7. The Deserted Village was written by _____. （大连外国语2008研）【答案】Oliver Goldsmith【解析】奥立弗·哥尔德史密斯是英国诗人、剧作家、小说家。
《荒村》是他的一首感伤主义诗歌。
8. Xury and Friday are characters in the novel entitled _____ written by _____. （大连外国语2008研）【答案】Robinson Crusoe, Daniel Defoe【解析】“Xury”和“Friday”是笛福的代表作《鲁宾逊漂流记》中的人物。
9. The Yahoos are attacked by the writer named _____ in his fantasy work bearing the title _____. （大连外国语2007研）【答案】Jonathan Swift, Gulliver’s Travels【解析】在Jonathan Swift的小说《格列佛游记》中，Yahoo是人类别称，是马所豢养和役使的畜生，在本书中，作者抨击了Yahoo的贪婪和无信。
10. “From the 1st of October to the 24th All these days entirely spent in manyseveral voyages to get all I could out of the ship, which I brought on shore every tide of flood upon rafts,” This is the journal kept by the character _____. （首师大2008研）【答案】Robinson Crusoe【解析】这是《鲁宾逊漂流记》中主人公所写的日记里的一段话。
11. Jonathan Swift’s A Tale of a Tub is a devastating attack on _____ and even on _____ itself. （国际关系学院2009研）【答案】the three branches of the church;Christianity【解析】《木桶的故事》表面上讲的是三兄弟背弃父亲遗嘱的故事，实际上讽刺了罗马天主教、清教和英国国教，甚至是对整个基督教的嘲讽。
12. The principal elements of the _____ novel are mystery, horror and suspense.【答案】Gothic【解析】哥特小说的主要特点是：神秘，恐怖，悬念重重。
13. The only novel of Oliver Goldsmith is _____, which gives a detailed account of thenumerous misfortunes befalling the central character and his family.【答案】The Vicar of Wakefield【解析】奥利弗·哥尔德史密斯（Oliver Goldsmith)是十八世纪著名的英国剧作家，《韦克菲尔德牧师传》（The Vicar of Wakefield）是他唯一的一部小说。
14. _____ is Oliver Goldsmith’s best poem, which is a sharp protest against thedepopulation of the English countryside as a result of the large-scale Enclosure Movement.【答案】The Deserted Village【解析】《被遗弃的村庄》是哥尔德史密斯的最佳诗作，通过这首诗，他强烈反对地主和资产阶级大规模的圈地运动，此运动导致了英国郊区人口大幅减少。
15. Joseph Addison’s _____ essays were looked upon as the model of Englishcomposition by British authors all through the 18th century.【答案】Spectator【解析】约瑟夫·艾迪生在《旁观者》上发表的散文风格适中，亲切而不粗俗，优雅而不卖弄，是绝佳的范本。
在那个世纪很多作家研读他的文章。
16. Samuel Johnson compiled _____ which became the foundation of all the subsequent English dictionaries.【答案】A Dictionary of the English Language【解析】塞缪尔·约翰逊编纂了《英文大辞典》，它是编纂词典的第一个英国人。
他的词典在当时产生了很大的影响。
对英语的规范化起了一定作用。
17. She Stoops to Conquer is the best-known comedy by _____.【答案】Oliver Goldsmith【解析】《委曲求全》是哥尔德史密斯最出名的喜剧。
18. Generally speaking, English literature of the 18th century may be divided intothree periods. The first period was characterized by the neo-classicism, _____ of which was the representative poet.【答案】Alexander Pope【解析】18世纪英国文学大致可分为三个阶段：新古典主义时期、浪漫主义诗歌的恢复阶段以及现代小说的开端。