PC36 Series D.C. Resistance Meters Operation InstructionsShanghai Taiou Electronic CO.，Ltd.1.Basic ParametersThe basic parameters are shown as table 1Table 12Technique Requirements2.1environmental conditions2.1.1 environmental temperature 15—25℃2.1.2 relative humidity ≤85%RH2.1.3 power 220V±10%, 48-62Hz2.1.4 Outside of the earth magnetic field, there is no electric field or magnetic field of electric pulse and electric spark in the measurement environment.12.2basic toleranceThe basic tolerance of the measurement is shown as table 2R X：reading of the measurement R m：maximum value of the range2.3Accurate class and maximum toleranceshown as table 3.The accurate class and maximum tolerance isThe rated output currents of the measurement are shown as table 4.22.5Two way current measurementOnce the thermoelectric voltage of the circuit is removed the difference of the result between the positive current measurement and negative current measurement is less than the half of the basic tolerance.2.6 Temperature conversion of the copper wire and aluminum wire2.6.1 temperature conversion rangeenvironmental temperature input ringing from15℃to26℃with the step of 0.1℃.2.6.2 properties of temperature conversionK t = 1/ [1+0.004( t-20 )] = 250 / (230 + t )t: environmental temperature ℃.2.6.3 readout of the meter: R X= R20 = K t*R tR20：resistance at 20℃; R t：resistance at t℃2.7Insulation resistanceInsulation resistance is more than 20 MΩbetween power input leads and outside sell of the meter.2.8Insulation strengthInsulation strength is 50Hz at 1500V (1 minute) between power input leads and outside sell of the meter.3Operation methods3.1 Introduction of panel functionOf which:(1)liquid crystal display (8) measurement state choice switch(2)range choice switch (9) current output terminal “C1”(3)function choice switch (10) voltage input terminal “P1,P2”(4)power switch (11) current output terminal “C2”(5)zero check and balance knob (12) environmental temperature input switch(6)reading hold switch (15-26℃,step 1℃)(7) current direction choice switch (13) environmental temperature input switch(0.0-1.1℃,step 0.1℃)（14）temperature conversion switchNote: The meter has 12 ranges, but the range choice switch (2) has only 6 positions for turning. When the measurement state choice switch (8) is turned to the “normal current” (normal current measurement) position, the screen displays“ THI”, the 6 ranges witch on the upper position of the panel (printed in blue) is effective; and when the switch (8) is turned to the “low current” (low current measurement) position, the screen displays“ TLO”, the 6 ranges witch on the lower position of the panel (printed in black) is effective. The screen displays the maximum value of range ( 2、20 、200 or 2000 ) and the unit of the resistance (Ω、mΩ、μΩ)when measuring3.2 the measuring steps of resistance3.2.1 meter preheat and zero checkTurn the function switch (3) to “zero check”, measurement state choice switch (8) to “ low current”, range choice switch (2) to “200μΩ” to make the meter in the highest sensitivity condition. Turn the power switch (4) to preheat the meter, after 3 minutes, turn zero check knob (5) to make meter value at “00.00”.3.2.2 Connect the meter and the resistor witch is to be measured in the sequence of “C1, P1, P2, C2”with the current junctions outside and the voltage junctions inside, red wires are “C1,P1” and black wires are “ C2, P2 ”. Reduce the possibility of touching the “P1, P2” junctions because the human body will heat the voltage junction, and the effect of thermocouple will influence the result of low resistance measurement.3.2.3 Select suitable range and measurement condition according to the resistor to be measured. The “normal current” measurement state is more accurate in measurement and stronger in the ability against interference. The “low current” measurement state is higher sensitivity and better resolution. If the user can’t estimate the value of the resistor to be measured, please select the higher range and lower current to prevent the resistor from damaging by the high current shock.3.2.4 voltage balance of the measuring circuitTurn function switch (3) from “zero check” to “balance”, The screen will probably display a value which indicates that there exists a no balanced voltage in the measuring circuit. Pay attention, the no balanced voltage is caused by the effect of thermocouple. It is not stable and will reduce in a few minutes, please wait till the value of no balanced voltage is less than 5. Then turn knob (5) again to make meter value between “ –0000 ” to “0000”.3.2.5 resistance measurementTurn function switch (3) to “1.00I ”, the screen displays the resistance value of the resistor to be measured. If it shows “1—”, it means the measurement is under range, please turn range choice switch (2) at clockwise to make measurement value appear. If the value less than 1800, it means the measurement is over range, so turn switch (2) at counter-clockwise to make value in high resolution. If the range issuitable for measurement, readout of the meter is between 1800 to 19999.3.3 reading holdTurn the reading hold switch (6) to “ hold ”, the meter will get into reading hold state, the screen displays “H”, user can record the measurement value conveniently. Normally, the switch (6) is turned to “ run ”, so that the measurement is continuous.3.4 Two-way current measurementIf the resistance of the measurement is less than 0.1Ω, the operation of two-way current measurement should be taken to offset the thermoelectric voltage caused by the effect of thermocouple in the measuring circuit. First, turn the current direction choice switch (7) to “I+”(positive current measurement), t ake down the value of measurement as R I+, and then turn switch (7) to “I-” (negative current measurement), the negative sign appears in front of the resistance value, it indicates the meter has got into the negative current measurement state, take down this value as R I-(omit the negative sign), the result R = (R I++ R I-) / 2 , is more accurate than one-way current measurement.3.5multiple current measurementBecause the temperature resistance coefficient of the copper wire and aluminum wire is rather big, if the measurement current is too big, the wire will be heated so that serious error will be caused. It can be checked by the method of multiple current measurement, to prevent the measurement from too big current.Turn the “function” switch (3) to “ 1.41I ” position (1.41 times of the rated current), to compare with the result under the “ 1.00I ” (rated current). If the difference is within the value required by the national standard, it means the measurement result is valid. Otherwise it means the outcome is not valid because the measurement current is too big. In order to reduce the measurement current please turn switch (3) to “0.707I” position (0.707 times of the rated current). Again, compare it with the result under the “ 1.00I ” (rated current). If the difference is within the value required by the national standard, it means the measurement result under “0.707I” is valid. Otherwise the measurement current is still too big, please select the higher range or turn switch (8) to “ low current ” posit ion, to further reduce the current.3.5 Temperature conversion of the copper wire and aluminum wireWhen measuring the conductor resistance of the copper wire and aluminum wire, set the switch (12) and switch (13) to environmental temperature, and then the readout of the meter will automatically convert to the resistance under the standard temperature—20℃.In this way ,the users don’t need to conversion by the formula themselves. Pay attention to make the measurement of the environmental temperature accurately ( the error less then 0.1℃) .The wires which to be measured must stay in the environment for enough time, so that wire’s temperature totally equals the environmental temperature.Pay more attention, the operation of the automatic temperature conversion is only suitable for the measurements of the resistors which are made of pure copper or pure aluminum (electrolytic copper or electrolytic aluminum). Except this two, neither the standard resistor、the touching resistance and the other substantial resistors；nor the resistors which are made of copper alloy、aluminum alloy、iron alloy and other alloys can be measured with the function of the automatic temperature conversion. The temperature conversion switch (14) should be turned to “OFF ” position, when measuring these resistors. In this state, the function of the temperature conversion is not effective and the readout of the meter is the real resistance of the resistor under the environmental temperature. Because the temperature resistance coefficients of these resistors are rather different from the temperature resistance coefficient of pure copper, it will cause serious errors when the function of temperature conversion is wrongly used.4. Points of attention4.1 The meter is the specialized equipment of measuring the conductor resistance of wires and cables. In order to use the meter correctly and safely, the user must read the operation instructions carefully and completely before using it, because there are many new techniques and special functions in the meter, and it is rather different from other low resistance meters.4.2 When the terminal of “P1, P2, C1, C2” are not connected to the resistor to be measured, the function switch (3) must be turned to “zero check” position. After measurement, the user must turn switch (3) to “zero check” first, and then cut off theconnector. Especially avoid cutting off the measuring circuit when the measurement current is big. When the meter is out of use, please turn switch (3) to “zero check” position too.4.3 Don’t cover the vent of the meter when the meter is being used in order to make heat dissipated well.4.4 The meter should be put in a dry, ventilated place when out of use, avoid severe cold and extremely hot.5 The quality standard and the guarantee of repair5.1 The meter is made on the basis of the standard No. Q/AEXJ3 Shanghai China. 5.2 The manufacturer guarantees to keep the meter in good repair all it’s life, and the repair is free in 12 months expect the trouble of the meter is caused by the wrong use of the user.6 Complete set of the meterProvide following technique files and attachments with every meter:a) product qualified certificate oneb) operation introductions onec) power line oned) measuring cable one pairThe patent has been entitled to this meter. No imitator is allowed.Shanghai Taiou Electronic Co.,LtdAddress: 1, lane74, GuangLing No.1 Road, Shanghai ChinaPost code: 200083Tel: 008621-65607047 65604787 65420430Fax:008621-65607047http:。