2018年高考英语词汇解析A1.●abandon v.放弃，遗弃，抛弃abandon the baby/ child/ friendabandon the plan/ idea/ effort/ hopeabandon oneself to 陷入，沉湎于He abandoned himself to despair.2.◎ability n. 能力；才能the ability to walk 行走的能力to the best of one’s abi lity 竭尽全力He completed the job to the best of his ability.3.●abnormal adj.不正常的，畸形的，反常的They thought his behavior was abnormal.反义词：normal4. ◎aboard prep. adv.在船（飞机，火车）上，上船(飞机，轮船)all the people aboard 机上的人5. about prep关于，ad 大约，到处a) be abo ut to do sth…(when)I was about to go out when it began to rain.b) look about/around/roundc) How/What about…询问情况或建议6 . above prep在…上面above all 首先;尤其7. abroad ad.到(在)国外a) go /study /live abroadb) at home and abroad在国内外8. ●absence n. 不在，缺席absence from work/ schoolThe decision was made in my absence.in the absence of 在缺少…条件下The case was dismissed in the absence of proof.9. ◎absent adj. 缺席的，不在的be absent from absent-minded adj. 心不在焉的10. ◎absorb vt. 1) 吸收，吸进（液体，气体等）2) 理解，掌握absorb ink/ water/ neat/ light/ oxygen/ sound/ energyabsorb information/ knowledgebe absorbed in专注于，聚精会神于…11.●abuse v / n. 滥用，谩骂abuse alcohol/ drugs 酗酒/嗜毒abuse power/ position/ privilege 滥用权力/职权/特权12. accept vt.accept the gift /invitation /planaccept sb/sth as…13.●access n.方法，通路，机会The only access to the farm was a narrow bridge.Only high officials have access to the emperor.We students have access to the school library.accessible adj. 可进入的，可接近的，可使用的Such information is not easily accessible to the public.14. accident n.事故，意外的事by accident/chance 偶然，无意中；不小心15.●accompany v. 陪伴，伴随，伴奏accompany sb. to the school/ supermarketaccompany the singer on / at the pianoLightening usually accompanies thunder.16. ●accomplish v. 完成，到达，实现accomplishment n. 成就，成绩accomplish the task/ purpose/ goal17. according to根据According to the law, he should be sentenced to death.18. ◎accuse vt. 指控，指责accuse sb of (doing ) sth 控告…19.●accustomed adj. 习惯的，适应的，惯常的be/ get/ become accustomed to doingHe was soon accustomed to getting up early.20. ache vi./n headache / toothache My back aches so much.21. achieve vt 达到；取得achievement n 成就ac hieve success/victory/one’s goal;22.◎achievement n. 成就，业绩；完成（任务等）make great achievements23.●acknowledge v. 承认，致谢It is generally acknowledged that global warming is caused by greenhouse gases.Yaoming is acknowledged as/ to be the best player in China.I acknowledged financial support from the local government.24. across prep cross v. I walked across the street.cross a street; come/run across碰到25. act n.法令，条例vt.表演，扮演，行动，做事act as 充当；扮演act out 把…表演出来26. action n. 行动take action to do sthput sth into action 把…付诸实施27. active adj. 积极的;主动的take an active part in /be active in 积极参加28.◎activity n. 活动outdoor activities 户外运动29.actual a.实际的actually adv. in (actual) fact 实际上30●adapt vi. 适应，适合，改编vt. 使适应adapt to change /the city lifeadapt oneself to the new surroundingsadapt the novel for a film adaptation n. 适应31. add vt 添加，增加，补充说（that）add(…)to 添加add up 把…加在一起add up to总计为; 总数为a) His illness added to our trouble.b) He added that he would come again.c) Please add these figures up.d) These numbers add up to 100.e) He added some salt to the water.32. address n.地址vt.写地址；向…讲话（尤指演讲）address the letter to sb. 给某人寄信The letter was wrongly addressed.The president addressed the public.33.●adjust vt. 调整，调节，适应adjust your speed /the volume/ the cameraadjust to the dark/ the single lifeadjust yourself to the student lifeadjustment n. 调整，调节34.admire v 钦佩.;羡慕admire sb for sthI admire John for his courage.35. admit vt（admi tt ed ,admi tt ed）1) 承认admit one’s mistakes; admit doing/having don eHe admitted having stolen the money.2) 准许（入场，入学，入会）admit sb to /into→sb be admitted toHe has been admitted to Beijing University.36.●adopt v. 收养，采用，采纳adopt a childthe adopted son/ daughteradopt a new policy/ a suggestion/ a plan/ an attitude37. advance vi推进，促进；前进adj. advanced先进的/ 高级的in advance预先，事先an advanced worker38. advantage n. 优点，好处(可数名词) 反：disadvantagetake advantage of 利用have an advantage over 优于…to sb’s advantage 对（某人）有利39. ◎advertise vt. 为…做广告1）为…做广告advertise a product / things2）登广告征求/寻找… advertise for a new sales manager40. advice n/u. advise vt. 忠告,劝告,建议take/follow/ accept one’s advice 接受某人的建议ask sb for advice 向某人寻求建议 a piece of advice 一条建议give sb some advice on sthadvise sb (not) to do; advise doing; advise that …(should)+doOur teacher advised that we should study hard.41. ●affect vt. 影响, 深深打动，使悲伤等Smoking affects health. People were deeply affected by the death of Jin Zhengri.42. afford vt. 负担得起,抽得出(时间); 提供can/could/be able to afford sth/to do sth I can’t afford a book/to buy the book 43. afraid a. 害怕的；担心be afraid to do 因为害怕不敢做…; be afraid of doing 害怕…She was afraid to go out alone at night. She was afraid of waking him up. 44. against prep对着，反对, 靠着，迎着，衬着stand against the wall (靠墙站着) go against nature; be against sth 反对They are strongly against the plan. The pine tree were black against the morning sky.45. age n.年龄；时代vi. 变老for ages 多年; at an early age; at the age of … ;of the same age=of an age After his wife’s death he aged quickly.46. agree vi. 同意；应允1）agree with ①agree with sb / what you say/your opinion.②表示一致;“ (食物、天气、工作等)对…适宜”：The weather does not agree with me. 这种天气对我不适宜。