英语考核目标与要求一、语言知识要求考生掌握并能运用英语语音、词汇、语法基础知识以及所学功能意念和话题（见附录1至附录5），要求词汇量为3500左右。
二、语言运用1．听力要求考生能听懂所熟悉话题的简短独白和对话。
考生应能：（1）理解主旨要义；（2）获取具体的、事实性信息；（3）对所听内容做出推断；（4）理解说话者的意图、观点和态度。
2．阅读要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。
考生应能：（1）理解主旨要义；（2）理解文中具体信息；（3）根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义；（4）做出判断和推理；（5）理解文章的基本结构；（6）理解作者的意图、观点和态度。
3．写作要求考生根据提示进行书面表达。
考生应能：（1）清楚、连贯地传递信息，表达意思；（2）有效运用所学语言知识。
4．口语要求考生根据提示进行口头表达。
考生应能：（1）询问或传递事实性信息，表达意思和想法；（2）做到语音、语调自然；（3）做到语言运用得体；（4）使用有效的交际策略。
附录1语音项目表1.基本读音(1)26个字母的读音(2)元音字母在重读音节中的读音(3)元音字母在轻读音节中的读音(4)元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音(5)常见的元音字母组合在轻读音节中的读音(6)辅音字母组合的读音(7)辅音连缀的读音(8)成节音的读音2.重音(1)单词重音(2)句子重音3.读音的变化(1)连读(2)失去爆破(3)弱读(4)同化4.语调与节奏(1)意群与停顿(2)语调(3)节奏5.语音、语调、重音、节奏等在口语交流中的运用6.朗诵和演讲中的语音技巧7.主要英语国家的英语语音差异附录2语法项目表1.名词(1)可数名词及其单复数(2)不可数名词(3)专有名词(4)名词所有格2.代词(1)人称代词(2)物主代词(3)反身代词(4)指示代词(5)不定代词(6)疑问代词3.数词(1)基数词(2)序数词4.介词和介词短语5.连词6.形容词(比较级和最高级)7.副词(比较级和最高级)8.冠词9.动词(1)动词的基本形式(2)系动词(3)及物动词和不及物动词(4)助动词(5)情态动词10.时态(1)一般现在时(2)一般过去时(3)一般将来时(4)现在进行时(5)过去进行时(6)过去将来时(7)将来进行时(8)现在完成时(9)过去完成时(10)现在完成进行时11.被动语态12.非谓语动词(1)动词不定式(2)动词的-ing形式(3)动词的-ed形式13.构词法(1)合成法(2)派生法(3)转化法(4)缩写和简写14.句子种类(1)陈述句(2)疑问句(3)祈使句(4)感叹句15.句子成分(1)主语(2)谓语(3)表语(4)宾语(5)定语(6)状语(7)补语16.简单句的基本句型17.主谓一致18.并列复合句19.主从复合句(1)宾语从句(2)状语从句(3)定语从句(4)主语从句(5)表语从句20.间接引语21.省略22.倒装23.强调24.虚拟语气附录3功能意念项目表1.社会交往(SocialCommunications)(1)问候(Greetings)(2)介绍(Introduction)(3)告别(Farewells)(4)感谢(Thanks)(5)道歉(Apologies)(6)邀请(Invitation)(7)请求允许(Askingforpermission)(8)祝愿和祝贺(Expressingwishesandcongratulations)(9)提供帮助(Offeringhelp)(10)接受和拒绝(Acceptanceandrefusal)(11)约会(Makingappointments)(12)打电话(Makingtelephonecalls)(13)就餐(Havingmeals)(14)就医(Seeingthedoctor)(15)购物(Shopping)(16)问路(Askingtheway)(17)谈论天气(Talkingaboutweather)(18)语言交际困难(Languagedifficultiesincommunication)(19)提醒注意(Reminding)(20)警告和禁止(Warningandprohibition)(21)劝告(Advice)(22)建议(Suggestions)2.态度(Attitudes)(23)同意和不同意(Agreementanddisagreement)(24)喜欢和不喜欢(Likesanddislikes)(25)肯定和不肯定(Certaintyanduncertainty)(26)可能和不可能(Possibilityandimpossibility)(27)能够和不能够(Abilityandinability)(28)偏爱和优先选择(Preference)(29)意愿和打算(Intentionsandplans)(30)希望和愿望(Hopesandwishes)(31)表扬和鼓励(Praiseandencouragement)(32)责备和抱怨(Blameandcomplaint)(33)冷淡(Indifference)(34)判断与评价(Judgementandevaluation)3.情感(Emotions)(35)高兴(Happiness)(36)惊奇(Surprise)(37)忧虑(Worries)(38)安慰(Reassurance)(39)满意(Satisfaction)(40)遗憾(Regret)(41)同情(Sympathy)(42)恐惧(Fear)(43)愤怒(Anger)4.时间(Time)(44)时刻(Pointoftime)(45)时段(Duration)(46)频度(Frequency)(47)时序(Sequence)5.空间(Space)(48)位置(Position)(49)方向(Direction)(50)距离(Distance)6.存在(Existence)(51)存在与不存在(ExistenceandNon-existence)7.特征(Features)(52)形状(Shape)(53)颜色(Colour)(54)材料(Material)(55)价格(Price)(56)规格(Size)(57)年龄(Age)8.计量(Measurement)(58)长度(Length)(59)宽度(Width)(60)高度(Height)(61)数量(Number)9.比较(Comparison)(62)同级比较(Equalcomparison)(63)差别比较(Comparativeandsuperlative)(64)相似和差别(Similarityanddifference)10.逻辑关系(Logicalrelations)(65)原因和结果(Causeandeffect)(66)目的(Purpose)11.职业(Occupations)(67)工作(Jobs)(68)单位(Employer)附录4话题项目表1.个人情况(Personalinformation)2.家庭、朋友与周围的人(Family,friendsandpeoplearound)3.周围的环境(Personalenvironments)4.日常活动(Dailyroutines)5.学校生活(Schoollife)6.兴趣与爱好(Interestsandhobbies)7.个人感情(Emotions)8.人际关系(Interpersonalrelationships)9.计划与愿望(Plansandintentions)10.节假日活动(Festivals,holidaysandcelebrations)11.购物(Shopping)12.饮食(Foodanddrink)13.健康(Health)14.天气(Weather)15.文娱与体育(Entertainmentandsports)16.旅游和交通(Travelandtransport)17.语言学习(Languagelearning)18.自然(Nature)19.世界与环境(Theworldandtheenvironment)20.科普知识与现代技术(Popularscienceandmoderntechnology)21.热点话题(Topicalissues)22.历史与地理(Historyandgeography)23.社会(Society)24.文学与艺术(Literatureandart)附录5 词汇表A accommodation na(an ) art accompany vabandon v accomplish vability n account nable a accountant nabnormal a accumulate vaboard prep accuracy nabolish v accurate aabortion n accuse vabout ad&prep accustomed aabove prep,a&ad ache v&nabroad ad achieve vabrupt a achievement nabsence n acid aabsent a acknowledge vabsolute a acquaintance nabsorb v acquire vabstract a&n acquisiti on nabsurd a acre nabundant a across p rep abuse v act n&v academic a&n action n academy n active aaccelerate v activity naccent n actor naccept v actress naccess n&v actual aaccessible a acute aaccident n AD abbrad=advertisement n afford vadapt v afrai d a adaptation n Africa nadd vAfric an a&n addicte d a aft er ad ,prep&con j additio n n afterno on n addre ss n afterwar d(s) adadequat e a again a d adjust v again st prepadjustment nage n administra tion n agenc y n admirable aagend a nadmire vagent n admission naggressive a admit vago ad adolescenc e n agree vadolesc ent a&n agreementn adopt v agricult ural a adore vagricult ure n adult n ahead ad advance v&n aid n&v advantage nAIDS n adventure naim n&v adverti se v air n advertisem ent n aircraft n advice nairline nadvise vairma il nadvocate v airplane naffair n airport naffect v airspace naffection n alarm n&valbum namazinga alcoh ol n ambassado r n alcohol ic a&n ambassadr ess n algeb ra n ambiguo us a alike adambitionn aliv e a ambulan ce n all ad ,a&pron American aller gic a amongprep alle y n amountn&v alloc ate v ample aallow v amuse vallowan ce n amusement n almos t ad analyse v alon e a analys is n along ad&prep ancest or n alongsi de ad anchor v&n aloud adancient aalphabe t n and conj alrea dy ad anecdoten also ad anger n alterna tive a angle nalthoug h conj angry a altit ude n animal n altoget her ad ankle naluminiumanniversa ry n (Am aluminum)nannounce valways ad annoy vam v(be) annual aa.m./am,A.M./AM abbr another a&pronamateur a answer n&vamaze v ant nAntarc tic a appropriate a antique n approval nanxiety n approve v anxious a approximately adany pron&aapro n n anybod y pron arbitrary aanyhow ad arch n anyon e pron architect nanythi ng pron architec ture n anyway ad Arct ic a anywher e ad are v (be ) apart ad&a area n apartmen t n argue vapologi ze v argume nt n apology narise(arose,ari sen)v apparent aarithmet ic n appea l v&n arm n&v appea r v armchair nappearan ce n army nappend ix n around ad&prepappetite narrang e v applau d v&narrangem ent n apple narrest vapplic ant n arrival n applicat ion n arrive vapply varro w nappoint v art nappointment n article nappreciate v artifi cial aappreciation n artist napproach n&v as ad,conj&prepash nattend vashamed aattenti on n Asia n attitud e n Asian a&n attract vaside ad attraction nask vattractive aasleep aaudienc e n aspect naunt n assess vauthent ic a assessme nt n auth or n assist vauthori ty n assistancen automatic aassista nt n autonomou s a associatev autumn n associat ion n availab le a assume vavenue nassumpti on n average a&n astonis h v avoid vastronautn awake(awoke,awoken)v&aastronom er n awar d n astronomyn awar eaat prepaway adathlete nawesome aathletic aawful aAtlanti c a awkward aatmosphe re natom n Battach v baby nattack v&n bachelor nattain v back ad,a&nattempt v&n background nbackward(s)ad basin n bacon nbasis n bacterium(pl bacteria)n basket nbad(worse,worst)a basketb all nbadminto n nbat nbag n bath n baggag e n bathe v baker y n bathroo m n balance nbatht ub n balco ny n batte ry n ball n battle nballet n bay nballoon nBC abbrbambo o nbe(am,is,are,was,ban n&v were,being,be en) v banana n beach nband nbean n bandag e n beancur d n bank n bear1n bar n bear2vbarbecue n beard nbarbe r n beast nbarbersh op nbeat(beat,bea ten) v&n bare a beautif ul a barga in n&vbeauty nbark v&nbecause conjbarrier n become(became,become )vbase n bed nbaseball n beddings nbasement n bedroom n basic a bee nbeef nbike=bicycle n beer n bill n befor e prep ,ad&conj bing o n beg vbiochemist ry n begin(began,begun)v biograph y n behalf nbiolog y n behave v bird n behaviour(Am behavior)nbirth n behin d prep&ad birthd ay n being n birthpla ce n belief n biscuit n believe vbishop nbell n bit nbell y n bite(bit,b itten) v belong vbitter a below prepblac k a&n belt nblackboard nbench n blam e n&v bend(bent,bent)vblan k n&a benea th prep blanke t n benefic ial a bleedv benef it n&v bless v bent a&n blind a besid e prep bloc k n&v besid es prep&ad bloo d n betray vblouse nbetween prep blow(blew,blown )vbeyond prep blue n&abicycle n board n&vbid v&n boat nbig a body nboil v brain n bomb n&v brake n&vbond n&v branc h nbonen brand nbonus n brave a book n&v brave ry nboom n&v bread n boot n break(broke,bro ken) v&n booth nbreakfast nbord er n breakthro ugh n bored abreast nbori ng a breath nborn abreathe vborrow vbreathless aboss nbrewery n botani cal a brick n bota ny n bride nboth a&pron bridegroo m n both er v bridge nbottle nbrief abottom n bright abounce vbrilliant aboun d a bring(brought,brough t)vbounda ry n broad abow v&nbroadcast(broadcast,bowln broadcast 或-ed,-ed)v bowlin g n brochure nbox nbroken aboxing n broom nboy n brother nboycott v brown n&abrunch nCbrus h v&n cab n Buddhis m n cabbag e n budget ncafe n buffet n cafete ria n build(built,built)vcage n buildingn cake n bunch ncalcul ate v bungalo w n call n&v burden n cal m a&v bureaucratic acamel n burgla r n cameran burn(burnt,burnt campn&v 或-ed,-ed) v&n campaig n n burst v can 1(could); bury v can’t=cannot modalvbus n can 2 n bush n canal nbusinessn cance l v businessman/woman cance r n (pl businessmen/women)n candid ate n busy a candl e nbut conj&prep candy n butche r n&v canteen n butter n cap n butterfly ncapit al nbutton n&v capsule nbuy(bought,bought)v captain nby prep caption nbye int car ncarbon ncard n ceiling n care n&v celebrate vcareful a celebrationn careles s a cell n carpent er n cent ncarpet ncentigra de a carriag e n centimetrecarrier n (Am centimete r) ncarrot ncentr al acarr y v centre(Am cen ter) ncartoon n century ncarve v ceremony ncase n certa in a cash n&vcertific ate n cassett e n chain n cast(cast,cast)v chai r n castle nchairman/womancasu al a (pl chairmen/women )n cat n chalk n catalog ue n challenge ncatastrophe nchallengi ng a catch(caught,caught)v champion n categor y n chance ncate r v chang e n&v Catholi c a changeablea cattle nchannel ncause n&v chant v&ncaution n chaos ncautious a chapter ncave n character nCD=compactdisk n characteristic a&nchar ge v&n Christmas n char t n church n chat n&v cigar n cheap acigarette n chea t n&v cinema n chec k n&v circle n&v cheek ncircuit nchee r n&v circulate v cheerfu l a circumsta nce n chee rs int circus n chee se ncitizen n chef ncity nchemica l a&n civil a chemist n civili an n chemist ry n civilizat ion ncheque(Am chec k) n clap vchess nclarify vchest nclass n chew vclassic achicken nclassi fy v chief a&nclassmate nchild(pl child ren) n classro om n childho od n claw n chocola te n clay n choice nclean v&a choir ncleaner nchok e n&vclear achoose(chose,chosen)v clerk nchopsticks n clever achorus n click vChristian n climate nclimb vcome(came,come)vclinic ncomedy n clock ncomfort nclone vcomfortab le a clos e a&ad command n&vcloth ncomment n clothe s n commercia l aclothing ncommit v cloud n commitmen t n cloudy a committee nclub n common a clumsy a communicate vcoach n communicatio n ncoal n communism n coast n communist n&a coat n companion ncocoa ncompany ncoff ee n compare v coin n compass n coincide nce n compensat e v coke n compete v cold a&n competenc e n collar ncompetiti on n collea gue n complet e a&v collect v complex a&n collecti on n component n colleg e ncompositi on ncollis ion n comprehension ncolour(Am color)n&v compromise vcomb n&v compulsory acombine v computer nconcentrate v constant aconcept n constitu tion nconcern v&n construct vconcert n construction nconclude v consult vconclusion n consultant nconcrete a consume vcondemn v contain vcondition n container nconduct v contemporary aconductor n content1 nconference n content2 aconfident a continent nconfidential a continue vconfirm v contradict vconflict n contradict ory aconfuse v contrary n&acongratul ate v contribute vcongratulat ion n contribution nconnect v control v&nconnection n controversial aconscience n convenience nconsensus n convenient aconsequence n conventional aconservation n conversati on nconservative a convey vconsider v convince vconsiderate a cook n&vconsiderati on n cooker nconsist v cookie nconsistent a cool acopy n&v creature n corn n credit ncorner n crewn corporat ion n crime ncorre ct v&a criminal ncorrecti on n criterion(pl crit eria)ncorrespo nd v crop n corru pt a&v cross n&v cost n&v crossing ncosy(Am cozy)a crossroad s n cotta ge n crowd n&v cotton n&a cruel a cough n&v cry n&vcould modalv cube ncount v cubic acounter ncuisine n country nculture n countrys ide n cup n coupl e ncupboard ncourage ncure n&vcourse n curious a cour t n currency ncourtyar d n curriculu m n cousin n curtain n cover n&vcushio n n cow ncustomncrash v&n customer ncrayon n customs ncrazy a cut(cut,cut) v&ncream n cycle vcreate v cyclist ne vD decline vdad=dadd y n decora te v dail y a ,ad&ndecorat ion n dam ndecreas e vdamage n&v deed ndamp a&n deep a&addanc e n&v deer n danger n defeat vdangerou s a defence(Am defense )n dare v&modalv defend vdark a&n degree ndarkness n dela y n&v dash v&ndelete v&ndata n deliberately ad databa se ndelica te a date n&v delicio us a daughter n delight ndawn n delight ed a day ndeliver v dead ademand vdeadli ne n dentist ndeaf a department(Dept.)ndeal n departu re ndear a depend v deat h n deposi t v&n debate n&vdept h ndebt n be vdecade n description ndecide v desert v&ndecision n deserve vdesign v&n dilemma ndesire v&n dimension ndesk n dinner ndesperate a dinosaur ndessert n dioxide ndestination n dip vdestroy v diploma ndetective n direct a&vdetermine v direction ndevelop v director ndevelopment n directory ndevote v dirty adevotion n disability ndiagram n disabled adial v disadvantage ndialogue(Am dialog)n disagree vdiamond n disagreement ndiary n disappear vdictati on n disappoint vdictionary n disappointed adie v disaster ndiet n discount ndiffer v discourage vdiffere nce n discover vdifferent a discovery ndifficult a discrimina tion ndifficulty n discuss vdig(dug,d ug) v discussion ndigest v disease ndigital a disgusting adignity n dish ndisk=disc n d islike v dismiss v distance n distant a d istinction n distinguishv distributev district n d isturb v dist urbing a divev diverse a di vide v division n divorce v dizzy a do(did,done)v doctor n document n dog ndoll n dollar n donate v door ndormitory(dorm)n dot ndouble a&n doubt n&vdown prep&ad download n&v downstairs addowntown ad,n&a dozen nDr=doctor ndraft n&vdrag vdraw(drew,draw n) vdrawback ndrawer ndream(dreamt,dre amt或-ed,-ed) n&v dress n&vdrill n&vdrink(drank,dr unk) v drive(drove,dr iven) v driver ndrop n&vdrug ndrum ndrunk adry v&aduck ndue adull adumpling n during prepdusk ndust ndustbi nnduty n dusty aDVD=digitalversatiledisk n elect v dynami c a electric adynast y nelectrical aelectric ity n Eelectron ic a each a&pron elegant aeage r a elepha nt neagl e n else adear n e-mail n&v earl y a&adembarras s v earn vembass y n earth n emergenc y n earthquak e nempero r n east a ,ad&n employ v Easter n empt y a easter n aencourag e veasy aencouragement n eat(ate,e aten) v end n&v ecolog y n ending n edge n endless a editio n n enemy neditor n energetic a educat e v energy n educationnengine n educat or n engine er n effect nenjoy veffort n enjoyable aegg n enlarge veggplant n enough pron,a&a deither a,conj&ad enquiry nelder n enter venterprise neverything pron entertainm ent n everywhe re ad enthusiast ic a eviden ce n entire aevident aentrancen evolution nentry nexact aenvelopen exam=examinationnenvironmen t n examin e v envy v&n exampl e n equa l a&v excell ent a equality n excep t prep equip vexchangen&v equipment nexcite veraser nexcus e n&v error nexerci se n&v erupt vexhibiti on n esca pe n&v exist v especia lly ad existence n essay n exit n Europe n expand v Europeana&n expec t v evaluatev expectat ion n even adexpense nevenin g n expensiv e a event nexperien ce n eventua lly adexperime nt never ad expert nevery a explain veverybody pron explanation neveryday a explicit aeveryone pron explode vexplore v fantastic a export n &v fantas y n expose v far(farther,f arthestexpress v&n 或further,furth est) a&adexpressi on n fare nextensio n n farm nextra a farmer n extraordina ry a fast a&ad extreme a faste n veye nfat n&aeyesight nfathe r nfault nFfavour(Am favo r) nface n&vfavourite(Am favorite)a&nfacial a fax n&v fact n fear n factor y nfeast nfade vfeath er n fail v &n feder al afailur e n fee nfair1a feed(fed,f ed) v fair2nfeel(felt,felt) v faith n feeling n fall 1(fell,fallen) v fellow n fall 2(Am )=autumn nfemalea&n fals afence nefamiliar a ferry nfamily n festival n&afamous a fetch vfan n fever nfancy n,v&a few pron&afibre(Am fiber)nflat 2 nfiction nflee(fled,f led) v field nflesh n fierce aflexib le a fight(fought,f ought) n&v flight nfigure n&vfloat v file nflood n&v fill vfloor n film n&vflour n final aflow v finance nflower nfind(found,fou nd) v flu nfine 1 afluency nfine 2 v fluent afinger n fly 1(flew,fl own) vfingerna il n fly 2 n finish v&n focu s v&nfire n&v fog n firework s n fogg y a firm1n fold v firm2afolk n&a fish n&v follow v fisherma n n fond a fist nfood n fit a&vfool n&vfix v foolish aflag n foot(pl feet )nflame n football nflash n for prep&conjflashlight n forbid(forbade,forbi dden)vflat1 a force vforecast n&vfrequent a foreheadn fresh a foreign africti on nforeigner nfridge=refriger ator nforesee(foresaw,for eseen) v friend nforest nfriendly a forever adfriends hip n forget(forgot,forgot/forgott en)v frighten v forgetful afrog n forgive(forgave,for given) v fro m prep fork n front a&n form n&vfronti er n format n frost n former afruit nfortni ght n fry v fortunate a fuel n fortune nfull a forwar d ad fun n&a foster v functionn&v foun d v fundamental a founta in nfunera l n fox n funny a fragile afur n fragra nt a furnish ed a framewo rk n furnitu re nfranc nfuture nfree afreedom n Gfreeway n gain vfreeze(froze,frozen )v gallery nfreezing a gallon n。