考研英语作文素材：电信(Telecommuting)elecommuting-- substituting the computer for the trip to the job ----has been hailed as a solution to all kinds of problems related to office work.For workers it promises freedom from the office, less time wasted in traffic, and help with child-care conflicts. For management, telecommuting helps keep high performers on board, minimizes tardiness and absenteeism by eliminating commutes, allows periods of sol itude for high-concentration tasks, and provides scheduling flexibility.In some areas, such as Southern California and Seattle, Washington, local government s are encouraging companies to start telecommuting programs in order to reduce rush-hour congestion and improve air quality.But these benefits do not come easily. Making a telecommuting program work require s careful planning and an understanding of the differences between telecommuting realities and popular images.Many workers are seduced by rosy illusions of life as a telecommuter. A computer p rogrammer from New York City moves to the tranquil Adirondack Mountains and stays in contact with her office via computer. A manager comes in to his office three days a we ek and works at home the other two. An accountant stays home to care for her sick chil d; she hooks up her telephone modern connections and does office work between calls to the doctor.These are powerful images, but they are a limited reflection of reality. Telecommutin g workers soon learn that it is almost impossible to concentrate on work and care for a y oung child at the same time. Before a certain age, young children cannot recognize, muchless respect, the necessary boundaries between work and family. Additional child support is necessary if the parent is to get any work done.Management too must separate the myth from the reality. Although the media has pai d a great deal of atte ntion to telecommuting in most cases it is the employee‘s situation, not the availability of technology that precipitates a telecommuting arrangement.That is partly why, despite the widespread press coverage, the number of companies with work-at-home programs or policy guidelines remains small.考研作文写作素材：学校教育It is commonly believed in United States that school is where people go to get an e ducation. Nevertheless, it has been said that today children interrupt their education to go to school. The distinction between schooling and education implied by this remark is impo rtant.Education is much more open-ended and all-inclusive than schooling. Education know s no bounds. It can take place anywhere, whether in the shower or in the job, whether in a kitchen or on a tractor. It includes both the formal learning that takes place in schools and the whole universe of informal learning.The agents of education can range from a revered grandparent to the people debating politics on the radio, from a child to a distinguished scientist. Whereas schooling has a c ertain predictability, education quite often produces surprises. A chance conversation with a stranger may lead a person to discover how little is known of other religions.People are engaged in education from infancy on. Education, then, is a very broad, i nclusive term. It is a lifelong process, a process that starts long before the start of school, and one that should be an integral part of one‘s entire life.Schooling, on the other hand, is a specific, formalized process, whose general pattern varies little from one setting to the next. Throughout a country, children arrive at school at approximately the same time, take assigned seats, are taught by an adult, use similar t extbooks, do homework, take exams, and so on.The slices of reality that are to be learned, whether they are the alphabet or an unde rstanding of the working of government, have usually been limited by the boundaries of t he subject being taught. For example, high school students know that there not likely to f ind out in their classes the truth about political problems in their communities or what the newest filmmakers are experimenting with. There are definite conditions surrounding the f ormalized process of schooling.如何减少压力(How to Reduce Stress)Stress is an inevitable part in our normal life. Many kinds of things, such as natural disasters, war and death can cause too much stress in our life. But according to a psychol ogist, on a day-to-day basis, stress may result from the small things: taking an exam, wait ing in line, and having too many things to do in a limited time.We all need stress to add flavor, challenge, and opportunity to life, but too much str ess can seriously affect our physical and mental well-being, It reduces the body‘s immunit y and harms the brain, If the stress lasts a long time, it may cause physical illness, inso mnia, headaches, backaches, ulcers, high blood pressure-even heart disease.When stress does occur, it‘s important to recognize and deal with it. There ore some methods we can try. A large number of physical activities can reduce onxiety. Shoring o ur stress with others can be enormously helpful. Making time for fun such os listening to music may be good medicine. Sometimes even crying is on efficient way to releose stres s.父母过于娇纵孩子(Parents Are too Permissive with Their Children Nowadays) Th e child‘ s happiness is al I-important, the psychologists say, but what about the pa rents‘ happiness? Parents suffer constantly from fear and guilt while their children gaily ro mp about pulling the place apart.A good old-fashioned spanking is out of the question: no modern child-rearing manua l would permit such barbarity. The trouble is you are not allowed even to shout. Who kn ows what dccp psychological wounds you might inflict? Certainly a child needs love, and a lot of it. But the excessive permissiveness of modern parents is surely doing more har m than good.Lax authority over the years makes adolescent rebellion against parents all the more violent. If the young people are going to have a party, for instance, parents are asked to leave the house. Their presence merely spoils the fun. What else can the poor parents do but obey?Children are hardy creatures (far hardier than the psychologists would have us believe) and most of them survive the harmful influence of extreme permissiveness which is the normal condition in the modern household. But a great many do not. The spread of juven ile delinquency in our own age islargely due to parental laxity.The psychologists have much to answer for. They should keep their mouths shut and let parents get on with the job.And if children are knocked about a little bit in the proc ess, it may not really matter too much.At least this will help them to develop vigorous views of their own and give them s omething positive to react against. Perhaps there‘s some t ruth in the idea that children wh o‘ ve had an excess of happiness in their childhood fail to make a success of life.写作素材：赞成广告论Money spent on advertising is money well spent. It assists a rapid distribution of goods a t reasonable prices. It draws attention to new ideas and so helps enormously to raise stan dards of living.By helping to increase the demand for goods, it increases the number of workers nee ded to supply the goods and,therefore, provides employment. It helps to pay for many ser vices. Without advertisements, your daily newspaper would cost a dollar or more, the pric e of your television license would need to be doubled, and travel by bus would cost mor e.Perhaps most important of all, advertising helps to keep up the quality of the product s and services you buy. No regular advertiser dare offer a product that fails to live up to the promise of his advertisements. He might fool some people for a little while through misleading advertising.He will not do so for ong; for the public has the good sense not to buy the poor ua lity article more than once. If I see an article advertised, it s the surest proof I know that the article does what is claimed for it, and that it is of good value.There is one more point I feel I ought to touch on. Recently, I heard a well-known television personality declare that he was against advertising because it persuades rather th an informs. This is hair-splitting. Of course advertising seeks to persuade. If it only gave information, advertising would be so boring that no one would pay any attention. But per haps that is what the well-known television personality wants.lam prepared to make just one admission to the opponents of advertising. Not every advertisement is a good one.Some advertisements are silly. Some are pointless though not very many. Pick up the nearest magazine or newspaper and count the advertisements that really offend you. And then count the advertisements that, in some degree, interest you, o r give you pleasure. And be honest!。