第一讲：汉英语言对比答案
1．舅舅从桌上把花瓶拿去了。
Mother’s brother has taken the vase away from the table.
2. 我属蛇。
I was born in the Chinese lunar year of the snake.
一、练习：给出下列词语相应的英文
1．大小size 2．高矮height 3.长短length 4.冷暖temperature 5.东西direction
6.粗细 thickness
7.是非 trouble 8．先后priority 9.轻重 weight 10.参差 variation
二、按照要求翻译下列句子：
1．我们对这件事当然有发言权（matter）。
Of course we have a say in this matter.
2．真是想不到的事（surprise）。
What a surprise!
3．这本新书的出版是今年文化界的大事（event）。
The new book was the cultural event of the year.
4．各族人民的代表共聚一堂，商讨国家大事（affairs）。
Representatives from different nationalities gather in the same hall to discuss affairs of the state.
5. 这绝不是轻而易举的事（job）。
It’s certainly no easy job.
6. 从政治思想上关心学生是教师份内的事（duty）。
It’s the teacher’s duty to be concerned about the students’ ide ology.
7．我已把事情讲清楚了（case）。
I’ve already put the case clear.
8. 我可以举出好几件事来证明（instance）。
I can cite quite a few instances to illustrate it.
9．这不是开玩笑的事儿（joke）。
This is no joke.
10.那是件普通小事（incident）。
That is an ordinary incident.
三、下面的句子翻译时需要在英文句中增加表示逻辑关系的词语，使原文隐含的语义关系显现出来。
试译：
1．跑得了和尚跑不了庙。
2. 你死了我去当和尚。
3. 他不去我去。
4. 他不去我也去。
5. 他不去我才去。
6. 知人知面不知心。
7. 人穷志短。
8．人穷志不短。
9. 人有脸，树有皮。
10．人不犯我，我不犯人。
答案：
1.The monk may run away, but the temple won’t run with him.
2.If you died, I would go and become a monk.
3.I’d like to go if he wouldn’t.
4.I’d like to go even if he wouldn’t go with me.
5.I’d like to go only if he won’t.
6. A man’s face one can know, but not his heart.
7.When a man is poor his ambition is not far-reaching. (Poverty stifles ambition.)
8.Though one is poor, he has high aspiration. (One maybe poor, but with lofty
ideas.)
9.The face is as important to a man as the bark to a tree.
10．We will not attack unless we are attacked.
四、练习
按照要求将下列句子译成英文：
1.我认为资金的问题是我们目前最大的困难。
（用插入语）
2.朱彦夫虽然肢体残疾，但意志坚强，所以做出了常人都难以做到的事情。
（用关系从句）
3.地球的周围是一层厚度莫测的空气。
（用倒装句）
4．她虽然年纪大了，可腿脚灵便、耳聪目明。
（用简单句）
5．他在报上说这场罢工不好。
（用被动式）
6．孩子大哭起来，伤倒是没伤着，只是吓的。
（not so much）
7．若不是我抓住她，她就跌倒了。
（but that）
8．小孩子的鞋子很快就穿不进去了。
（outgrow）
9．现在可以明了这种系统为什么称为“相位控制”（phase control）。
（用形式主语it）
10.年轻人顶着风，冒着雨，出去骑马。
（用一个动词）
答案：
1．The shortage of fund, I think, is the biggest problem we’re facing at the present stage.
2．Zhu Yanfu, a man who is handicapped with all limbs, has achieved with his strong will what a normal person would find difficult to accomplish.
3．Surrounding the earth is a layer of air of unknown thickness.
4．She is easy with movement and good with vision and hearing despite her great age.
5．He is quoted in the paper as saying that the strike was evil.
6．The child burst out crying. It was not so much that he was anyhow injured but that he was terribly frightened.
7．She would have fallen but that I caught her.
8．Small children outgrow their shoes at a fast rate.
9．It is evident now why this system is called “phase control”.
10. The young people went out, against the wind and through the rain, for a ride on
horseback.
Some up-to-date expressionѳ
•婚外恋
extramarital relations
试婚
trial marriage
早恋
puppy (聣ub) love
旅行结婚‹a wedding tour, a honey moon trip 民工
rural laboѲers in a city
打工妹
country girls working in a city
女强人
a (successful) career woman
•洗钱
•money laundering
权钱交易
deals between power and money
•公款吃喝
dining and wining at public expense
追星族
celebrity worshipper
跳槽
job-hop, change one’s profession
扫黄
eliminate pornography
•经济私有化
The privatization of economy
•与国际接轨
Be geared to international practice (norms) •福利分房
Welfare-oriented distribution of housing •住房商品化
•Commercialization of housing
•按揭购房
•Buy an apartment on a mortgage
•物业管理
Estate management
世博园expo garden
新富neo-wealthy
网络拜年online greeting
用工荒labor shortage
资产泡沫asset bubble
礼仪小姐Miss Etiquette 群发短信mass texting 资产泡沫asset bubble。