Relation
Between authors' and the translators' intensions
Between authors, texts, readers, and norms in the two differing systems
Relation
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JoséLambert (比利时) 荷西·兰姆伯特
03
An approach to literary translation that is descriptive, target-oriented, functional, and systemic.
An interest in the norms and constraints that govern the 04 production and reception of translation.
Polysystem theory
CONSECTETUR ADIPISICING
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Contents
1 Translaion studies in the eighties
2
Gideon Toury: Descriptive translation studies and beyond
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What scholars shared
01 A view of literature as a complex and dynamic system.
Theo Hermans
(英) 西奥·赫曼斯
The Manipulation of Literature(1985)
《文学的操纵》
A conviction that there should be a continual interplay 02 between theoretical models and practical case studies.
2
精品资料
Translation studies in the eighties
The focus of TS is descriptive translation(描述翻译)
Discussions centered around improving methods for describing literary translation and determining cultural and translational normative behavior.
translation policy
genre system
scholars may find the
( gengre rules and gengre policy).
“ground for comparison”.
Genre rules and genre policy (central role) translated literature (literary imports)
Open relationship
Source
Case studies Target-oriented empirical approach
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Predictions
Minimum.
The nature of relation
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
Dominant norms of the target
system
The nature of the
relation
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A study of relations
Between differing sociological aspects including publishing and distribution
Relation
Result: The scholar, by establishing priorities, can find a means of being systematic instead of intuitive.
Between the differing literary systems. Reltion
Between pragmatics and reception in source and target systems
Relation
Relation
Between authors and others writers in the source and target systems
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On Describing Translations
------JoséLambert and Hendrik van Gorp
Suggestions
Observe translation activity
Two system
The author, text, reader, and literary norms in one literary system to be justaposed to an author, text, reader, and literary norms in another literary system.
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1
Kitty Van
2 Leuven-Zwart 范·路文兹瓦特 “Bottom-up Approach”
“Les Relations littéraires intnationales comme problème de réception”(1986)
“TwTehnetymYoetaivrastioofnRbeesheianrdchteoxnt sLeitleecratiroynTaranndslation at the KatholiekeBUy nfoivceurssiotenit“Lneourmvesn”,” (1988)
Further checking in other European countries.
Norms “imported” “domesticated”
The very definition of translation becomes dependent upon norms and how they work in any given system/society.