学习好资料欢迎下载大学英语语法精讲与练习1．名词前的单位词（1. 3）a piece of advice/bread/cake/chalk/work/furniture/cloth/paper/ne ws/information/evidence/luggage/luck/businessan item of news/informationa drop of oil/water/whiskeyan article of clothing/lu ggage/furniturea bar of chocolate/soap/iron/goldan ear of wheat/ricea loaf of breada lump of coal/sugar/claya slice of bread/bacon/meat/cake表示成群的单位词a flock of birds/geese/pigeons/visitors/customersa herd of bees/ants/ starsa pack of thieves/wolves/hounds(猎狗)a bunch of keys/bananas/grapes/rosesa bundle of clothes/letters/firewooda crowd of robbers2.主语与谓语的一致主语与谓语一致的原则：1 ）语法一致2 ）概念一致：谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于主语所表达的概念，而不取决于表面的语法标志。
The crowd were fighting for their lives.Three years in a strange land seems like a long time.3 ）就近原则Here is a dictionary and a few books.Only one out of five were present.符合语法一致的几种情况（ 4 ）1 ）当主语为单数，虽后续 with, along with, together with, aswell as, as much as, no less than, more than, like,besides, but, except, in addition to 引导的短语，谓语用单数。
An expert, together with some assistants, was sentto help in this work.Nobody but John and George was there.The teacher as well as the students was asked toattend the party.2 ）主语由“a portion of, a series of, a king of etc.+ 名词”构成时，谓语用单数。
A series of pre-recorded tapes has been prepared forlanguage lab use.符合概念一致的几种情况1 ）集合名词做主语时Our group are visiting the Museum next week.（我们全体成员）Our group is assigned to take the first bus.（我们小组）2 ）名词词组中心词为表示度量、时间等的复数名词时，谓语动词采用单数形式Ten dollars is not enough.Fifty kilograms is not too heavy to carry.符合就近原则的几种情况1 ）由并列连词or, either or, neither or, not only but also连接的两个主语 .Either you or I am late.Not only the students but also the teacher is goingto the film.2 ）each and each, every and every, no and后 no续单数谓语动词。
Each book and each pen is found in its place.No teacher and no student is interested in it.3 ）“ many a/more than one+ 单数名词做主语时，谓语为单数形式。
Many a student is having practice in this plant.More than one student was late for class this morning.3.形容词不具有比较意义的比较结构1) more/rather A than B: 与其说是B，不如说是AHe is rather diligent than clever. 说他聪明不如说他勤奋。
It is even more a picture than a poem. 这与其说是一首诗，到不如说是一幅画。
2) all the more因而更加:That ’ ll make the work all the more difficult.3) much more 更加，何况It ’difficults to understand his books, much more his lectures.4) much less 更不I didn’ t even see him, much less speak to him.5) none the less依然For all his years, he is none the less vigorous and active.6) other than不同于⋯，非⋯The truth is quite other than what you think.7) know better than很明白而不至于⋯Shecertainly knows better than to do it herself.8) none other than不是人而正是⋯It was none other than Miss Mary.部分同根形容的辨（ 5. 5 ）1) sensible可查觉得；明智的sensitive对敏感的sensational耸人听闻的He is sensible of the danger of his position.The old woman is very weak and sensitive to cold.It was a sensational news report.2) economic 有关经济的economical节俭的We should be economical in the use of our funds.The country is in a bad economic state.3) i ndustrial工业的industrious勤劳的It is an industrial country.The Chinese people are brave and industrious.4) h istoric 有历史意义的historical 有关历史的Where did the historic May 4 th Movement take place?Is it a historical novel?5) p ractical实际的，实践的practicable 可行的Now that able toyou are going to live in France, youmake practical use of your knowledge’ ll beofFrench.Is it practicable to try to grow crops in deserts?6) sociable和蔼可亲的social社会的；社交的We spent a sociable evening drinking.There are different opinions on various social questions.7) considerate 体贴的considerable 相当大的；值得重视的 /substantial Itwas considerate of you not to play piano while Iwas having a sleep.When her father died, Jane became head of a veryconsiderable business empire.8)continual略有间隙/隔的“连续不断”continuous没有间隙 / 隔的“连续不断”We’ ve had continuous hot weather for three weeks.I ’ mreally tired of your continual complaints.9)credible 可信的，可靠的credulous轻信的It ’ s hardly credible.She was so credulous that she could be easily fooled.与形容词构成固定搭配的介词（ 5.8 ）aboutanxious, crazy, curious, doubtful, eager, uneasyatbad, efficient, good, quick, slow, skillfulforanxious, available, insufficient, necessary, fit, grateful,ready,good,responsible,greedy,ripe,sorry, suitable, validfromabsent, distinctive, diverse, different, freeinabundant, confident, deficient, fortunate, major, rich,poorofafraid,ashamed,aware,capable,careful,certain, conscious confident,convinced,critical,doubtful, fond,full,greedy,guilty,ignorant,independent, proud,short,shy, sick,thoughtful,tired,typical, uncertain, worthy, regardlessondependent, hard, keentoaccustomed, obliged, applicable, available, benefit, convenient, dear, drink, equal, equivalent, essential, faithful, familiar, fit, grateful, harmful, helpful, identical, important , loyal, necessary , obvious,opposite, polite, preferable, proportional, relative, resistant, previous,senior,prior,sensitive,similar, superiorwithangry, comparable, consistent, content, familiar, identical, patient, pleased, popular, strict, satisfiedShe is very anxious about her husbandHe was slow at learning a language.I am very grateful for the help you have given me.All the main roads are now free of obstructions.The trees are abundant in fruits.They went camping, so as to be independent of innsand hotels.’ s health.。