动词不定式
动词不定式是一种非谓语动词，在句中 起名词、形容词或副词的作用，可在句中 作主语、宾语、定语、状语或宾语补足语 动词不定式的形式是“to+V原形”，但to有 时 要省略。
动词不定式的结构
肯定： to + V.原
否定：not/never + to + V.原 1) He likes to read novels. 2) I saw him come. 3) We decided not to buy that house. 4) It is interesting to fly a kite. 5) Please let him not go there.
1、I hope to finish it tomorrow .
2、She plans to go and teach in the country.
三、复合不定式
疑问词+to do
1、我不知道接下来该做什么。
I don’t know____________ next. what to do
2、她不能决定买哪本书。
It is easy _______ for her to learn English well. of It is clever ________ you to solve this problem.
作主语
2、It takes sb. some time to do sth.
我每天花去三个小时完成家庭作业。 It takes me three hours to finish the homework every day. I spend three hours finishing the homework every day.
table. (buy)
to carry the box for you. 4、It is my pleasure _________
(carry)
二、作宾语
动词+ to do sth.
常用动词有： want / wish / like / would like / hope / plan / try / decide / learn / need / agree / begin / start / forget / remember / seem / fail/ promise等
练习 1、Let him _______ finish the work at once. (finish / to finish)
2、Do you like listening to other people______? talk
(talk / talking/to talk )
to enter 3、Jim was seen _________the room.
for 1、It is necessary ______us to learn to wait.
(of/for)
2、It was careless ______me to break the cup . of
（of/for)
to buy 3、It took them 1,000 yuan _________this
3、结果状语
too + adj./adv. +to do sth. adj./adv. enough to do sth.
You are too young to do this job.
He ran fast enough to catch the bus.
注意
作简短回答或避免不必要的重复时， 动词不定式常常省去to 后面的动词， 只保留to 。
1、It is +adj. for/ of sb. to do sth.
作主语
It +be + adj. +for/of sb. to do sth.
for: adj. 多 为 描 述 不 定 式 行 为 的 特 征 （important/ necessary / interesting 等.） of: adj. 多为 描述主语的品质特征 （kind / nice / friendly / wise / foolish 等.）
with I have no pens to write _______.
七、作状语
1、原因状语:
主语 + be + adj.(表情感) + to do sth.
(happy/ glad angry / sorry / sad /afraid 等)
I’m sorry to hear that.
I’m glad to see you.
to go out 2、I happened ________when he called me. （出去） to depend on others (依赖别人） 3、I don’t want________________. how to drive a car (怎样开车） 4、Sam is learning________________. to protect the environment.(保护) 5、We promise __________
2、动词+宾语+不带to的不定式（作宾语）
动词多为感官动词、使动词。
一感：feel
二听：hear, listen to
三使：make, let, have
四看：see, notice, watch, look at had better do sth. 最好做某事
Why not do sth.?
John’s mother makes him play the piano every day. 被动：(被动语态中还原to) John _________ is made to play the piano every day.
(enter /to enter )
4、Please tell her _________here on time . to come
(come / to come)
(to ) solve problem. 5、I’ll help you _________this
(to solve /solve )
I want to find something to drink.
不定式为不及物动词时后面应有必要的介词。 I’m looking for a hotel _________. D A. stay B. stay at C. to stay D. to stay at
He hasn’t got a house to live_____. in
五、作表语
1、主语 + be + to do sth 主语多为 duty / wish / hope / idea / plan / ambition/ dream / work / job 等 名词
我的梦想是成为一名歌手。 他的工作是每天清扫教室。
1、My dream is to be a singer.
一、作主语
To hear your voice is so nice. It is so nice to hear your voice. To study hard is very important. It is very important to study hard. 注意:
不定式作主语时，通常用it作形式主语， 把真正的主语放在后面。
作主语
3、It is + n. (for sb) to do sth.
It is my pleasure to help you with your English.
4、用在谚语中
To see is to believe. To say is easy, but to do is hard.
练习
which book to buy She can’tቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱdecide_________________.
=She can’t decide which book she should buy.
练习
to turn off the light 1、Don’t forget _________________.( 关灯)
2、目的状语
The soldier ran into the room to save the girl .
_____ Why ____ did the soldier run into the room? Many parents send their children abroad
___________________.( to further their studies 深造学习)
四、作宾补-对宾语进行补充说明
1、动词 + 宾语（sb./sth.) + to do sth. 1、The teacher asked her to answer the question.
2、The doctor told me to have a good rest.
常用动词有：ask, tell, allow, want 等
（表语） His dream is to travel all over the world.
下列不定式作何种成分？
He was glad to see you.（状语） My father offered to buy a computer for me.
（宾语） He interviewed detective Ken to get some information . （状语） The doctor asked him to have more fruit and vegetables. （宾语补足语）