常用会计分录和会计词汇中英文对照表一、短期借款:1、借入短期借款:借:银行存款贷:短期借款2、按月计提利息:借:财务费用贷:应付利息3、季末支付银行存款利息:借:财务费用应付利息贷:银行存款4、到期偿还短期借款本金:借:短期借款贷:银行存款二、应付票据:1、开出应付票据:借:材料采购/库存商品应交税费——应交增值税(进项税额)贷:应付票据银行承兑汇票手续费:借:财务费用2、应付票据到期支付票款:借:应付票据贷:银行存款3、转销无力支付的银行承兑汇票票款:借:应付票据贷:短期借款三、应付账款:1、发生应付账款:借:材料采购/库存商品/在途物资/生产成本/管理费用/制造费用应交税费——应交增值税(进项税额)贷:应付账款2、偿还应付账款:借:应付账款贷:银行存款/应付票据3、因在折扣期内付款获得的现金折扣偿付应付账款时冲减财务费用:借:应付账款财务费用贷:银行存款4、转销确实无法支付的应付账款:借:应付账款贷:营业外收入——其他四、预收账款:1、收到预收账款:借:银行存款2、收到剩余货款:借:预收账款贷:主营业务收入应交税费——应交增值税(销项税额)借:银行存款贷:预收账款3、预收账款不多的企业,将预收款项记入“应收账款”贷方收到预付款项:借:银行存款贷:应收账款收到剩余货款:借:应收账款贷:主营业务收入应交税费——应交增值税(销项税额)借:银行存款贷:应收账款五、应付职工薪酬:1、确认职工薪酬:(1)货币性职工薪酬:借:生产成本——基本生产车间成本(产品生产人员工资)制造费用(车间管理人员工资)劳务成本(生产部门人员工资)管理费用(管理人员工资)销售费用(销售人员工资)在建工程(在建工程人员工资)研发支出(研发人员工资)利润分配——提取的职工奖励及福利基金(外商投资企业提取的职工奖励及福利金)贷:应付职工薪酬——工资/职工福利(2)非货币性职工薪酬:自产产品作为非货币性福利发放给职工借:管理费用/生产成本/制造费用贷:应付职工薪酬——非货币性福利将企业拥有的房屋等资产无偿提供给职工使用借:管理费用/生产成本/制造费用贷:应付职工薪酬——非货币性福利借:应付职工薪酬——非货币性福利贷:累计折旧租赁住房等资产供职工无偿使用:借:管理费用/生产成本/制造费用贷:应付职工薪酬——非货币性福利2、发放职工薪酬:(1)支付职工工资、奖金、津贴和补贴:向银行提取现金:借:库存现金贷:银行存款发放:借:应付职工薪酬——工资贷:库存现金代扣代缴:借:应付职工薪酬——工资贷:其他应收款(2)支付职工福利费:借:应付职工薪酬——职工福利贷:库存现金(3)支付工会经费、职工教育经费和缴纳社会保险费、住房公积金等。
借:应付职工薪酬——工会经费/职工教育经费/社会保险费/住房公积金贷:银行存款(4)发放非货币性福利:企业自产产品作为福利发放给员工:借:应付职工薪酬——非货币性福利贷:主营业务收入应交税费——应交增值税(销项税额)借:主营业务成本贷:库存商品企业支付租赁住房等资产供职工无偿使用所发生的租金:借:应付职工薪酬——非货币性薪酬贷:银行存款六、应交税费:(一)应交增值税:1、采购物资和接受应税劳务:借:材料采购/在途物资/原材料/生产成本/制造费用/管理费用/委托加工物资应交税费——应交增值税(进项税额)贷:银行存款/应付账款/应付票据2、进项税额转出:借:待处理财产损益——待处理流动资产损益/在建工程/应付职工薪酬贷:应交税费——应交增值税(进项税额转出)库存商品/原材料3、销售物资或者提供应税劳务:借:银行存款/应收账款/应收票据贷:主营业务收入应交税费——应交增值税(销项税额)4、视同销售行为:借:在建工程/长期股权投资/营业外支出贷:库存商品应交税费——应交增值税(销项税额)5、出口退税:借:其他应收款贷:应交税费——应交增值税(销项税额)6、交纳增值税:借:应交税费——应交增值税(已交税金)贷:银行存款小规模纳税人的核算:1、小规模纳税人购进货物:借:原材料/材料采购/在途物资贷:银行存款2、小规模纳税人销售货物:借:银行存款贷:主营业务收入应交税费——应交增值税(二)应交消费税:1、销售应税消费品:借:营业税金及附加贷:应交税费——应交消费税2、自产自用应税消费品:借:在建工程/固定资产/应付职工薪酬/营业外支出贷:库存商品应交税费——应交增值税(销项税额)——应交消费税3、委托加工应税消费品:收回的委托加工物资用于继续生产应税消费品借:委托加工物资贷:原材料借:委托加工物资贷:应交税费——应交消费税借:原材料贷:委托加工物资收回的委托加工物资直接用于对外销售借:委托加工物资贷:原材料借:委托加工物资贷:应付账款借:原材料贷:委托加工物资对应收取的收托加工代收代交消费税的会计处理:借:应收账款/银行存款贷:应交税费——应交消费税4、进口应税消费品:借:材料采购/固定资产/库存商品贷:应付账款/银行存款(三)应交营业税:1、计算应交营业税:借:营业税金及附加贷:应交税费——应交营业税2、销售不动产时:借:固定资产清理贷:应交税费——应交营业税3、交纳营业税:借:应交税费——应交营业税贷:银行存款(四)应交资源税:1、对外销售应税产品应交纳的资源税:借:营业税金及附加贷:应交税费——应交资源税2、自产自用应税产品交纳资源税:借:生产成本/制造费用贷:应交税费——应交资源税3、交纳资源税:借:应交税费——应交资源税贷:银行存款(五)应交城市维护建设税:1、计算应交城市建设维护税:借:营业税金及附加贷:应交税费——应交城市维护建设税2、交纳城市维护建设税:借:应交税费——应交城市维护建设税贷:银行存款(六)应交教育费附加:1、计算应交教育费附加:借:营业税金及附加贷:应交税费——教育费附加2、交纳教育费附加:借:应交税费——教育费附加贷:银行存款(七)应交土地增值税:1、企业转让的土地权连同地上建筑物及其附着物一并在固定资产科目核算借:固定资产清理贷:应交税费——应交土地增值税2、土地使用权在无形资产科目核算的:借:银行存款贷:应交税费——应交土地增值税3、交纳土地增值税:借:应交税费——应交土地增值税贷:银行存款(八)应交房产税、土地使用税、车船使用税和矿产资源补偿税:1、计提房产税、土地使用税、车船使用税和矿产资源补偿税借:管理费用贷:应交税费——房产税——车船使用税——矿产资源补偿税2、交纳房产税、土地使用税、车船使用税和矿产资源补偿税借:应交税费——房产税——车船使用税——矿产资源补偿税贷:银行存款(九)应交个人所得税:1、计算代扣代交的职工个人所得税:借:应付职工薪酬——工资贷:应交税费——应交个人所得税3、交纳个人所得税:借:应交税费——应交个人所得税贷:银行存款七、应付利息:1、计提利息费用:借:财务费用贷:应付利息2、支付利息时;借:应付利息贷:银行存款八、应付股利:1、确认应付股利或利润时:借:利润分配——应付现金鼓励或利润贷:应付股利2、支付:借:应付股利贷:银行存款九、其他应付款;1、计提应付租入包装物租金借:管理费用贷:其他应付款2、支付:借:其他应付款贷:银行存款十、长期借款:1、取得长期借款:借:银行存款贷:长期借款——本金2、计提利息:借:财务费用应付利息3、归还长期借款:借:长期借款——本金贷:银行存款十一、应付债券: 1、企业按面值发行债券:借:银行存款贷:应付债券——本金2、计提利息:借:在建工程/制造费用/财务费用/研发支出贷:应付债券——应计利息3、债券还本计息:借:应付债券——面值——应计利息贷:银行存款会计词汇:采编: 卢丽虹国际会计术语英汉对照Accounting system 会计系统American Accounting Association 美国会计协会American Institute of CPAs 美国注册会计师协会Audit 审计Balance sheet 资产负债表Bookkeepking 簿记Cash flow prospects 现金流量预测Certificate in Internal Auditing 内部审计证书Certificate in Management Accounting 管理会计证书Certificate Public Accountant注册会计师Cost accounting 成本会计External users 外部使用者Financial accounting 财务会计Financial Accounting Standards Board 财务会计准则委员会Financial fore_cast 财务预测Generally accepted accounting principles 公认会计原则General-purpose information 通用目的信息Government Accounting Office 政府会计办公室Ine statement 损益表Institute of Internal Auditors 内部审计师协会Institute of Management Accountants 管理会计师协会Integrity 整合性Internal auditing 内部审计Internal control structure 内部控制结构Internal Revenue Service 国内收入署Internal users 内部使用者Management accounting 管理会计Return of investment 投资回报Return on investment 投资报酬Securities and Exchange mission 证券交易委员会Statement of cash flow 现金流量表Statement of financial position 财务状况表Tax accounting 税务会计Accounting equation 会计等式Articulation 勾稽关系Assets 资产Business entity 企业个体Capital stock 股本Corporation 公司Cost principle 成本原则Creditor 债权人Deflation 通货紧缩Disclosure 批露Expenses 费用Financial statement 财务报表Financial activities 筹资活动Going-concern assumption 持续经营假设Inflation 通货膨涨Investing activities 投资活动Liabilities 负债Negative cash flow 负现金流量Operating activities 经营活动Owner's equity 所有者权益Partnership 合伙企业Positive cash flow 正现金流量Retained earning 留存利润Revenue 收入Sole proprietorship 独资企业Solvency 清偿能力Stable-dollar assumption 稳定货币假设Stockholders 股东Stockholders' equity 股东权益Window dressing 门面粉饰Ac_countXX政治风险political risk再开票中心re-invoicing center现代管理会计专门方法special methods of modern management accounting 现代管理会计modern management accounting提前与延期支付Leads and Lags特许权使用管理费fees and royalties跨国资本成本的计算the cost of capital for foreign investments跨国运转资本会计multinational working capital management跨国经营企业业绩评价multinational performance evaluation经济风险管理managing economic exposure交易风险管理managing transaction exposure换算风险管理managing translation exposure国际投资决策会计foreign project appraisal国际投资决策会计foreign project appraisal国际存货管理international inventory management股利转移dividend remittances公司内部贷款inter-pany loans冻结资金转移repatriating blocked funds冻结资金保值maintaining the value of blocked funds调整后的净现值adjusted net present value配比原则matching旅游、饮食服务企业会计accounting of tourism and service施工企业会计accounting of construction enterprises民航运输企业会计accounting of civil aviation transportation enterprises 企业会计business accounting商品流通企业会计accounting of mercial enterprises权责发生制原则accrual basis农业会计accounting of agricultural enterprises实现原则realization principle历史成本原则principle of historical cost外商投资企业会计accounting of enterprises with foreign investment通用报表all-purpose financial statements铁路运输企业会计accounting of rail way transportation enterprises所有者权益owners equity所有者权益owners equity实质量于形式substance over form修正性惯例principle of exceptions信息系统论information system perspective相关性原则relevance微观会计micro-accounting客观性原则objectivity可比性原则parability谨慎性原则prudence金融企业会计accounting of financial institutions交通运输企业会计accounting of munication and transportation enterprises 建设单位会计accounting of construction units记账本位币recording currency计量属性measurement attributes及时性原则timeliness货币计量monetary measurement会计准则accounting standards会计主体accounting entity会计职业道德accounting professional ethics会计职能functions of accounting会计预测accounting fore_casting会计要素accounting elements会计研究accounting research会计学科体系accounting science system会计学accounting会计信息accounting information会计任务targets of accounting activities会计人员accounting personnel会计确认accounting recognition会计目标accounting objective会计理论结构theoretical structure of accounting会计理论accounting theory会计控制accounting control会计决策accounting decision making会计监督accounting supervision会计假设accounting assumption会计记录accounting records会计计量accounting measurement会计机构accounting department会计环境accounting environment会计核算financial accounting会计管理体制system of accounting administration会计分期accounting periods会计对象accounting object会计等式accounting equation会计本质nature of accounting会计报表accounting statements宏观会计macro-accounting会计accounting汇总报表bination statements划分资本性支出与收益性支出原则distinguishment between capital expenditure and revenue expenditure合并报表consolidated financial statements管理活动论management activities perspective管理会计management accounting管理工具论management tool perspective股份制企业会计accounting of stock panies公认会计原则generally accepted accounting principle, GAAP公共会计public accounting工业会计accounting of industrial enterprises个别报表individual statements高新技术企业会计accounting of high technology enterprises负债liability费用expense反馈价值feedback value对外经济合作企业会计accounting of foreign economic cooperation enter prises 对外报表external statements对内报表internal statements一致性原则consistency艺术论art perspective房地产开发企业会计accounting of real estate enterprises邮电通信企业会计accounting of post and telemunication enterprises预测价值fore_cast value真实与公允true and fair view持续经营going concern成本报表cost statement财务会计原则financial accounting principles财务会计概念框架financial accounting conceptual framework财务会计financial accounting政府及非营利组织会计governmental and non-profit organization accounting重要性原则materiality专用报表special purpose financial statements 资产assets资金funds资金运动funds movement财务报告financial report财务报表要素elements of financial statements 财务报表financial statements币值稳定假设constant-dollar assumption保险企业会计accounting of insurance panies收入的确认recognition of revenue公司债券发行价格corporate bond issuing price 固定资产折旧depreciation of fixed assets可转换债券convertible bonds公司债券利息摊销加速折旧法accelerated depreciation methods营业外收支净额公司债券利率interest rate on debenture应收账款出借assignment of accounts receivable 无担保债券debenture bonds后进先出法last-in, first-out, LIFO其他货币资金应付票据贴现dis_counton notes payable先进先出去first-in, first-out缩写FIFO在发建工程constructions in process固定资产更换与改良improvements and replacements of fixed assets 实地盘存制periodic inventory system收益总括观点all-inclusive concept of ine损益表法可变现净值法net realizable value应付福利费基本业务利润固定资产扩建additions of fixed assets应收账款出售sale or factoring of accounts receivable或有负债contingent liability销货退回与折让sales returns and allowances零售价格法retail method现金折扣cash discount特定履行法其他业务利润公司债券bonds payable销售法sale method应付票据notes payable认股权stock rights固定资产修理repairs and maintenance of fixed assets有担保债券mortgage bonds销售费用selling expenses应付股利dividends payable应收票据notes receivable无形资产intangible assets收款法collection method所得税ine tax流动负债current liabilities生产法production method计划成本核算废弃和生置法retirement and replacement method 盘存法inventory method流动资产current assets购货折扣purchases discounts商誉goodwill应收账款accounts receivable投资收益investment ine营业利润operating ine预提费用股本capital stock公司债券偿还redemption of bonds坏账bad debts固定资产重估价revaluations of fixed assets银行存款cash in bank固定资产fixed assets利润总额利益分配profit distribution应计费用accrued expense商标权trademarks and trade names全部履行法净利润net ine应付利润profit payable未分配利润收益债券ine bonds货币资金利息资本化capitalization of interests 公益金工程物资预付账款advance to supplier其他应收款other receivables现金cash预收账款公司债券发行corporate bond floatation 应付工资wages payable实收资本paid-in capital盈余公积surplus reserves管理费用土地使用权股利dividend应交税金taxes payable负商誉negative goodwill费用的确认recognition of expense短期投资temporary investment短期借款short-term loans递延资产deferred_charges低值易耗品当期经营观点current operating concept of ine 待摊费用待核销基建支出[旧]待处理流动资产损失待处理固定资产损失存货销售的影响effects of inventory errors折旧[旧]折旧方法depreciation method折旧率depreciation rate支出payment直线法straight-line职工福利基金welfare fund专项拨款【旧】专利权patents住房基金housing fund重置成本法replacement costing专项物资[旧]专项资产【旧】专有技术know-how专营权franchises资本公积capital reserves资产负债表balance sheet资金占用和资金来源[旧]自然资源natural resources存货inventory车间经费【旧】偿债基金sinking fund长期应付款long-term payables长期投资long-term investments长期借款long-term loans长期负债long-term liability of long-term debt财务费用financing expenses拨定留存收益appropriated retained earnings标准成本法standard costing变动成本法variable costing比例履行法包装物copyrights汇总原始凭证cumulative source document汇总记账凭证核算形式bookkeeping procedure using summary vouchers 工作底稿working paper复式记账凭证multiple ac_counttitles voucher复式记账法Double entry bookkeeping复合分录pound entry划线更正法correction by drawing a straight ling汇总原始凭证cumulative source document会计凭证accounting documents会计科目表chart of accounts会计科目ac_counttitle红字更正法correction by using red ink会计核算形式bookkeeping procedures过账posting会计分录accounting entry会计循环accounting cycle会计账簿Book of accounts活页式账簿loose-leaf book集合分配账户clearing accounts计价对比账户matching accounts记账方法bookkeeping methods记账规则recording rules记账凭证voucher记账凭证核算形式Bookkeeping procedure using vouchers记账凭证汇总表核算形式bookkeeping procedure using categorized ac_countsummary 简单分录simple entry结算账户settlement accounts结账closing account结账分录closing entry借贷记账法debit-credit bookkeeping局部清查partial check卡片式账簿card book跨期摊提账户inter-period allocation accounts累计凭证multiple-record document联合账簿pound book明细分类账簿subsidiary ledger明细分类账户subsidiary account盘存账存inventory accounts平行登记parallel recording全面清查plete check日记总账bined journal and ledger日记总账核算形式bookkeeping procedure using summarized journal 三式记账法triple-entry bookkeeping实账户real accounts试算表trial balance试算平衡trial balancing收付记账法receipts-payment bookkeeping收款凭证receipt voucher损益表账户ine statement accounts通用记账凭证general purpose voucher通用日记账核算形式bookkeeping procedure using general journal 外来原始凭证source document from outside现金日记账cash journal虚账户nominal accounts序时账簿book of_chronological entry一次凭证single-record document银行存款日记账deposit journal永续盘存制perpetual inventory system原始凭证source document暂记账户suspense accounts增减记账法increase-decrease bookkeeping债权结算账户accounts for settlement of claim债权债务结算账户accounts for settlement of claim and debt债务结算账户accounts for settlement of debt账户account账户编号Ac_countnumber账户对应关系debit-credit relationship账项调整adjustment of account专用记账凭证special-purpose voucher转回分录reversing entry资金来源账户accounts of sources of funds资产负债账户balance sheet accounts转账凭证transfer voucher资金运用账户accounts of applications of funds自制原始凭证internal source document总分类账簿general ledger总分类账户general account附加账户adjunct accounts付款凭证payment voucher分类账簿ledger多栏式日记账核算形式bookkeeping procedure using columnar journal 对账checking对应账户corresponding accounts定期清查Periodic checking method定期盘存制periodic inventory system订本式账簿bound book调整账户adjustment accounts调整分录adjusting journal entry单式记账凭证single ac_counttitle voucher 单式记账法single-entry bookkeeping从属账户Secondary accounts成本计算账户costing accounts财产清查physical inventory簿记bookkeeping不定期清查non-periodic checking method补充登记法correction by extra recording表外账户off-balance sheet accounts备抵账户provision accounts备抵附加账户provision and adjunct accounts 备查账簿memorandum。