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化学外加剂对建筑石膏耐水性能的影响
摘要
建筑石膏制品具有轻质、保温、隔热、隔音、防火、装饰效果好等优点,正逐步 成为墙体材料的主导产品。但是,普通建筑石膏制品的吸水率较高,其饱和吸水后的 强度降低很多,软化系数仅为O.2.0-3,致使它的应用受到了很大的限制。
本文分析了建筑石膏制品耐水性能差的基础理论,总结和归纳了当前国内外改善 建筑石膏耐水性能的手段和途径,并通过石蜡乳液、甲基硅酸钠、硅烷乳液为基础的 化学外加剂来改善建筑石膏制品的耐水性能。由于单种外加剂具有局限性,它不可能 全面提高建筑石膏的耐水性能,因此,本实验对化学外加剂进行复配,通过多种外加 剂的交互作用,使其能够较好的提高建筑石膏的耐水性能,并利用XRD、SEM、红 外能谱分析等测试手段,在实验中深入分析和探讨了它们的作用机理。
,36.5%。
研究了硅烷乳液对建筑石膏耐水性能的影响,该防水剂能够使石膏体吸水率降低 10%,在不降低石膏体强度的同时,还保留了石膏体良好的透气性能。利用红外能谱 分析、x衍射、SEM等测试对其作用机理进行了初步分析,认为,硅烷的作用机理 是吸附在石膏颗粒表面,通过在一定长度范围内改变石膏颗粒的表面能,提高石膏体 的憎水能力,此外,通过烷氧基的水解缩合反应形成交联结构,改进石膏体的性能, 或者是硅烷吸附在石膏颗粒表面,硅烷中的Si.OH基与石膏颗粒表面的羟基等作用, 形成氢键或化学键,提高表面的粘接强度,从而提高石膏颗粒之间的结合性。并通过 硅烷乳液与甲基硅酸钠、石蜡乳液的复配以及硅烷乳液、硅溶胶、石蜡乳液、甲基硅 酸钠的复配以进一步改善石膏体的耐水性能,但没有达到很好的效果;通过硅烷乳液、 聚丙烯酸胺、硅溶胶的复配验证了硅烷乳液和聚丙烯酸胺的复配能够降低石膏体的吸 水率;通过硅烷乳液、石蜡、硅溶胶、减水剂的复配使石膏体的2小时吸水率降低了 5.80%,而且其强度得到了提高,特别是湿压强度从6.99MPa提高到了9.92MPa,软化 系数从0.37提高到了0.56。
Research the influence of Silane latex to the gypsum’s water-resistant property.This
waterproofmg agent makes the water absorption reduced 10%,and reserves the aeration property as the strength has 1"10 loss.Research the mechanics of Silane latex by using
become bigger,SO the wet strength of gypsunl is improved.The water absorption reduces
6.5%,the dry creasing strength increases 48.0%,the dry compressing strength increases
property of building gypsum.The single additive doesn’t comprehensively resolve the
problem as its limitation,.SO this test adopts the way of mixing chemical additives to improve the water-resistant property.The water-resistant property is improved in mixed additives’mutual functions and the mechanics ofthe mutual functions are studied by using XRD,SEMand SO on.
Gypsum products are gradually becoming one dominant product of wall materials as its
excellent properties of light quality,good heat preservation,good heat insulation,good
8%。the dry
strength has 70%remained,and the wet strength has increased 50%by mixing the Paraffin
down latex,water reducing agenK Borax and PVA.The water absorption falls
gypsum’S Emulsify the Paraffin and Paraffin latex makes building
water absorption fall
down 10%when it is filled into building gypsum.By using XRD and surface chemical
分类号:TB333 密级:
单位代码:10427 学 号:200404039
酶趣披淳’
硕士学位论文
化学外加剂对建筑石膏耐水性能的影响
研究生姓名
丝全高
导师姓名
学科、专业
盐盘堑垄墨垡堂
申请学位级别 塑± 答辩时间
学位授予单位
盗由盘鲎
学位授予单位代码——10427至查2007年来自月8日济南大学硕士学位论文
A1aum.
Sodium Research the mechanics of
Methyl Metasilicate by using SEM and SO on.Get
that it infiltrates the port ofpores and changes the surface energy in a given size dimension,
5%.and the
dry compression strength increases 102%while the wet creasing strength increases 40%by
mixing the Paraffin latex,water reducing agent,gas leading agent,retarding agent and
利用扫描电镜等测试手段对甲基硅酸钠改善建筑石膏耐水性能的机理做了分析 和讨论,得出,甲基硅酸钠是以浸润石膏体孔隙端口,在一定长度范围内改变石膏体 的表面能来降低石膏体的吸水率的,虽然也损害石膏体的强度,但它能够保持石膏体 具有良好的透气性能。利用扫描电镜以及X射线衍射分析,研究了硅溶胶对建筑石 膏性能的影响,得出,硅溶胶是二氧化硅胶体粒子在水中均匀扩散形成的胶体溶液, 它和石膏溶出的Ca2.结合,形成水化硅酸钙凝胶,改变了二水石膏的结构特征,使石 膏晶体增大,结晶结构接触点减少,从而提高了耐水强度。此外,利用甲基硅酸钠、 甲基纤维素、硅溶胶的复配,使石膏体吸水率降低了6.5%,同时其绝干抗折强度提 高了48.O%,绝干抗压强度提高了25.O%,湿抗折强度提高了3.8%,湿抗压强度提高
Infrared spectrum analysis.The reason is that firstly the Silane latex absorbs the gypsum
本论文所添加的三种外加剂的作用机理各不相同,在防水方面存在着各自的优缺 点,针对它们各自的性能特点,本文对这三种外加剂的利弊作了分析,作者认为,硅 烷乳液是一种很有发展潜力的防水剂。
关键词:建筑石膏;耐水性能;吸水率;软化系数;石蜡乳液:甲基硅酸钠;硅烷
乳液
II
济南大学硕士学位论文
A BSTRACT
0.2—0.3 limit its application.
This paper analyzes the basic theories of building gypsum’s water-resistant,and concludes the methods which the domestic and international experts adopt.This paper researches the Parafl'm latex,Sodium Methyl Metasilicate and Silane latex to improve the
25.O%.wet creasing strength increases 3.8%and wet compressing strength increases
Sodium 36.5%by mixing
Methyl Metasilicate,Methyl Cellulose and Silica Sol Slurry.
particles dispersing in water and forming colloid liquor,and it acts with the cd+and generates calcium silicatejell which changes the structure characters and gypsum’s crystals
III
化学外加剂对建筑石膏耐水性能的影响
wall up the tiny pores,it keeps the good property of breathe freely.Research the influence of Silica Sol Slurry to the gypsum by using SEM and XRD,get that it is the silicon colloid
and makes the mater molecular agglomerate to be liquid’S drop,consequently it intercepts
the immerging ofwater and obtains the effect ofwaterproof.Because this structure doesn’t